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1.
Yan He 《中国物理 B》2022,31(11):110502-110502
The transport properties of core-shell nanowires (CSNWs) under interface modulation and confinement are investigated based on the atomic-bond-relaxation (ABR) correlation mechanism and Fermi's golden rule. An analytical expression for the relationship between carrier mobility and interface mismatch strain is derived and the influence of size, shell thickness and alloyed layer on effective mass, band structures, and deformation potential constant are studied. It is found that interface modulation can not only reduce the lattice mismatch to optimize the band alignment, but also participate in the carrier transport for enhancing mobility. Moreover, the underlying mechanism regarding the interface shape dependence of transport properties in CSNWs is clarified. The great enhancement of electron mobility suggests that the interface modulation may become a potential pathway to improving the performance of nanoelectronic devices.  相似文献   
2.
ABSTRACT

In this research, ground-state electronic structure and optical properties along with photoinduced electron dynamics of Si nanowires oriented in various directions are reviewed. These nanowires are significant functional units of future nano-electronic devices. All observables are computed for a distribution of wave vectors at ambient temperature. Optical properties are computed under the approximation of momentum conservation. The total absorption is composed of partial contributions from fixed values of momentum. The on-the-fly non-adiabatic couplings obtained along the ab initio molecular dynamics nuclear trajectories are used as parameters for Redfield density matrix equation of motion. The main outcomes of this study are transition energies, light absorption spectra, electron and hole relaxation rates, and electron transport properties. The results of these calculations would contribute to the understanding of the mechanism of electron transfer process on the Si nanowires for optoelectronic applications.  相似文献   
3.
To optimize the cycle life and rate performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), ultra-fine Fe2O3 nanowires with a diameter of approximately 2 nm uniformly anchored on a cross-linked graphene ribbon network are fabricated. The unique three-dimensional structure can effectively improve the electrical conductivity and facilitate ion diffusion, especially cross-plane diffusion. Moreover, Fe2O3 nanowires on graphene ribbons (Fe2O3/GR) are easily accessible for lithium ions compared with the traditional graphene sheets (Fe2O3/GS). In addition, the well-developed elastic network can not only undergo the drastic volume expansion during repetitive cycling, but also protect the bulk electrode from further pulverization. As a result, the Fe2O3/GR hybrid exhibits high rate and long cycle life Li storage performance (632 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1, and 471 mAh g−1 capacity maintained even after 3000 cycles). Especially at high mass loading (≈4 mg cm−2), the Fe2O3/GR can still deliver higher reversible capacity (223 mAh g−1 even at 2 A g−1) compared with the Fe2O3/GS (37 mAh g−1) for LIBs.  相似文献   
4.
A facile, single-step hydrothermal route is followed to prepare ZnS nanowires with large aspect ratios. The obtained ZnS nanowires deposited on nickel foam (ZnS/Ni-foam) exhibit a specific capacitance of 781 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g. An asymmetric supercapacitor fabricated from ZnS/Ni-foam as a positive electrode and jute derived activated carbon coated on Ni-foam (JAC/Ni-foam) as a negative electrode attains a high specific capacitance of 573 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g, with an accompanying high energy density of 51 Wh/kg at a power density of 200 W/kg in an extensive operating potential window of 1.2 V. In addition, the ZnS//JAC asymmetric supercapacitor reveals long-term cyclic stability, after 10,000 GCD cycles the device sustain around ~87 % of the initial specific capacitance. These results shed enlighten a new opportunity for promising electrode materials in supercapacitors.  相似文献   
5.
The composites comprising vertically aligned network of copper nanowires (CuNWs) in the presence of cellulose nanofibers were fabricated by using the freeze‐templating method and the effect of aspect ratio (A/R) of CuNWs on the thermal conductivity of epoxy composites was investigated. The thermal conductivity of epoxy composites increased to 0.79 W m?1 K?1 at 1.12 vol% of high A/R CuNWs loading, corresponding to the thermal conductivity enhancement of 365% as compared to the pure epoxy. The thermal conductivity of vertically aligned higher A/R CuNWs/epoxy, which is 38.5% and 51.9% higher than those of the lower A/R CuNWs and the randomly aligned CuNWs, respectively. The application of the epoxy composites in heat dissipation was demonstrated by the temperature changes of composites on a hot plate with the increase of heating time. These results indicate that the thermally conductive composites in this study could be applied for thermal dissipating materials in electronic devices.  相似文献   
6.
采用一种绿色的等离子增强化学气相沉积法,以Al2O3为衬底, Ga金属为镓源, N2为氮源,在不采用催化剂的情况下,成功制备获得了结晶质量良好的GaN纳米线.研究表明,生长温度可显著调控GaN纳米线的形貌,当反应温度为950℃时,生长出的GaN微米片为六边形;当反应温度为1000℃时,生长出了长度为10-20μm的超长GaN纳米线.随着反应时间增加, GaN纳米线的长度增加. GaN纳米线内部存在着压应力,应力大小为0.84 GPa.同时,也进一步讨论了GaN纳米线无催化剂生长机制. GaN纳米线光致发光结果显示, GaN纳米线缺陷较少,结晶质量良好,在360 nm处有一个较为尖锐的本征发光峰,可应用于紫外激光器等光电子器件.本研究结果将为新型光电器件低成本绿色制备提供一个可行的技术方案.  相似文献   
7.
8.
In this paper, a novel strategy with a new growth mechanism for fast and large‐scale growth of Au long nanowires on high‐curvature SiO2 nanospherical surfaces has been developed. The synthesis includes three steps, i.e., amino modification of SiO2 nanospheres, Au seed loading on aminated SiO2 nanospheres and subsequently, Au seed‐mediated nanowire growth on SiO2 nanospheres. The prepared Au nanowires (Au NWs) (exhibit long length, high aspect ratio, and good flexibility, and can naturally form the dense nanowire film, which is promising as a stable conductive electrode. In addition, the effect of synthetic conditions such as reactant feeding order, Au seeds and SiO2@Au seeds on the morphology of Au nanostructures (nanowires, nanoteeth, and nanoflowers) has been investigated. It is found that Au seeds and high‐curvature SiO2 nanospherical surfaces are necessary conditions for the successful preparation of Au NWs and nanowire films. The different growth mechanisms for Au NWs and nanoteeth have been proposed and discussed. Moreover, the novel nonenzymatic H2O2 sensor based on Au NWs exhibits much enhanced performance such as higher sensitivity, stability, and selectivity, wider linear range and lower detection limit, compared with that of Au nanoparticles‐based H2O2 sensor.  相似文献   
9.
Photoelectrochemical sensing represents a unique means for chemical and biological detection, with foci of optimizing semiconductor composition and electronic structures, surface functionalization layers, and chemical detection methods. Here, we have briefly discussed our recent developments of TiO2 nanowire‐based photoelectrochemical sensing, with particular emphasis on three main detection mechanisms and corresponding examples. We have also demonstrated the use of the photoelectrochemical sensing of real‐time molecular reaction kinetic measurements, as well as direct interfacing of living cells and probing of cellular functions.  相似文献   
10.
Graphene is scientifically and commercially important because of its unique molecular structure which is monoatomic in thickness, rigorously two-dimensional and highly conjugated. Consequently, graphene exhibits exceptional electrical, optical, thermal and mechanical properties. Herein, we critically discuss the surface modification of graphene, the specific advantages that graphene-based materials can provide over other materials in sensor research and their related chemical and electrochemical properties. Furthermore, we describe the latest developments in the use of these materials for sensing technology, including chemical sensors and biosensors and their applications in security, environmental safety and diseases detection and diagnosis.  相似文献   
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