适用于字符串加密的全同态加密方案

面对轨道交通能耗逐年递增的现状,我国大力提倡轨道交通节能,并提出绿色轨道交通的概念。针对传统轨道交通空调系统所存在的冷水机组制冷量过剩、冷冻和冷却水流量无法自动调节等问题,本文设计一种新型节能控制系统,对车站冷负荷变化规律进行分析,对系统进行集中监控。利用变频技术和闭环控制系统,计算所需冷负荷,智能控制电机转速,自动调节冷水机组的制冷量与空调末端冷量,使冷却系统处于最节能的工作点。轨道交通空调水系统应用该节能系统后耗电量大幅度降低,从而节约大量能源。     

Hopf Bifurcation and Hunting Behavior in a Rail Wheelset with Flange Contact

An analytical investigation of Hopf bifurcation and hunting behavior of a rail wheelset with nonlinear primary yaw dampers and wheel-rail contact forces is presented. This study is intended to complement earlier studies by True et al., where they investigated the nonlinearities stemming from creep-creep force saturation and nonlinear contacts between a realistic wheel and rail profile. The results indicate that the nonlinearities in the primary suspension and flange contact contribute significantly to the hunting behavior. Both the critical speed and the nature of bifurcation are affected by the nonlinear elements. Further, the results show that in some cases, the critical hunting speed from the nonlinear analysis is less than the critical speed from a linear analysis. This indicates that a linear analysis could predict operational speeds that in actuality include hunting.     

Forces of rails for electromagnetic railguns

In this paper, using electromagnetic theory, the equations for the total magnetic force on the rails are deduced. Besides this, the equations for the changes of the magnetic force along with time and the running position of the armature under jointed pulse operating current are presented. Then, the equations for changes of the bending stress and shear stress in the rail along with time and the running position of the armature are given. Changes of the magnetic force distribution between the two rails along with the running position of the armature and other parameters are investigated. The total electromagnetic forces on the rail under jointed pulse operating current are analyzed. Distribution and changes of the bending stresses in the rail are studied. A number of results are obtained. The results are useful for design and application of the railgun system.     

An improved local branching approach for train formation planning

The train formation plan (TFP) determines routing and frequency of trains, and assigns the demands to trains. In this paper, an improved local branching algorithm is proposed for the TFP model in Iranian railway. This solution strategy is exact in nature, although it is designed to improve the heuristic behavior of the mixed integer programming (MIP) solver at hand. In the local branching algorithm, additional constraints are built in the model for the binary variables, but in the improved local branching algorithm, the additional constraints are built in the model for integer variables. A state-of-the-art method is applied for parameter tuning using design of experiments approach. To evaluate the proposed solution method, we have simulated and solved twenty test problems. The results show the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed approach. The proposed algorithm is implemented for Iranian Railway network as a case study.     

Nonlinear analysis of residual stresses in a rail manufacturing process by FEM

The aim of this paper is to study the residual stresses in an UIC-60 rail and their reduction by means of roller straightening. Both experimental and numerical investigations have been carried out in the past to reveal the formation of dominant longitudinal residual stresses. However, the agreement between both investigations was not particularly good. The finite element method (FEM) has also been used to simulate one, two and three-dimensional analyses of a rail during roller straightening processes. The present model considers the longitudinal movement of a rail through the straightening machine, contact conditions between rail and rollers and kinematic hardening so as to take into account the plastic behaviour of the rail material (steel). These results were compared with the experimental investigations and good agreement was observed. In this respect, this paper presents a novel, more realistic numerical simulation by FEM for the roller straightening process. Finally, an improvement of the straightening process in order to obtain smaller residual stress in the rail section is proposed.     

A hybrid multi-objective imperialist competitive algorithm and Monte Carlo method for robust safety design of a rail vehicle

This paper deals with the robust safety design optimization of a rail vehicle system moving in short radius curved tracks. A combined multi-objective imperialist competitive algorithm and Monte Carlo method is developed and used for the robust multi-objective optimization of the rail vehicle system. This robust optimization of rail vehicle safety considers simultaneously the derailment angle and its standard deviation where the design parameters uncertainties are considered. The obtained results showed that the robust design reduces significantly the sensitivity of the rail vehicle safety to the design parameters uncertainties compared to the determinist one and to the literature results.     

Rail wheel removal and its implication on track life: A fracture mechanics approach

Wheel/rail forces generated by wheel defects is known to be one of the contributing factors to track failure. Current strategy of removing wheels from service is dependent on the magnitude of the impact forces generated by these defects. These impact forces are estimated with wheel impact monitor established along a section of the railway track. This is also known as wayside monitoring. The impact load levels recorded by these monitors are recorded and the wheels that generate impact loads above a stated level (e.g. 400 kN) will be removed from service for maintenance. The question one poses is “What if the impact force generated by a given wheel is just below this level and stays at this level for extended period of time?” Will this, e.g. 380 kN, impact force do as much damage to the track as a 400 kN impact force if it is allowed in service? What are the implications of allowing a wheel that generate a seemingly acceptable level of 250 kN impact load to remain in service for extended period of time? In an attempt to answer these questions, a series of investigations were carried out to investigate the effect of impact loads on the propagation of a Vertical Split Head (VSH) defect found in the head of a 50 kg/m rail.