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1.
针对线性相控阵列在固体介质中的声场聚焦特性及参数优化问题,该文给出了一个线性阵列的纵波瞬态聚焦声场模型。数值结果表明,当阵元被短时脉冲信号激励时,瞬态聚焦声场中不会形成栅瓣,突破了传统稳态理论模型中对阵元间距的限制;同时由于横纵波在聚焦区域内可完全分离,声束旁瓣的幅值也得到了抑制。其次,增大阵元间距能够显著提高聚焦性能,但会导致聚焦声场能量减弱,综合考虑后,最佳的阵元间距为一个波长左右。并且发现,阵元宽度对于聚焦性能几乎没有影响,但宽阵元能够提高聚焦能量。此外,受到纵波激发特性的影响,使得相控阵只能在低偏转角处获得理想的纵波聚焦性能。最后,采用不同阵元间距的相控阵探头对试块进行成像实验,观察到大阵元间距可以显著改善缺陷成像分辨率,从而验证了理论分析的结果。  相似文献   
2.
Indirect learning architecture (ILA) for digital pre-distortion (DPD) is commonly used to linearize power amplifiers (PA). To the author’s best knowledge, most of the DPD results in the literature obtain the matrix form of the least-square solution in order to get the DPD coefficients numerically. There exists no explicit closed-form for these coefficients that can be used as plug-and-play in simulations, or used for further closed-form analysis of important measures such as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and mean square error (MSE), bit-error rate (BER), …etc. In this paper, we analyze the ILA-DPD system for general memory-polynomial PA models. We provide a closed-form solution for the DPD coefficients. We first present the analytical methodology for deriving the mathematical expressions for each DPD coefficient and then introduce an open-access code that generates the DPD coefficients in symbolic form that is used to mathematically model the DPD. We consider case studies for PA and show that the analytical DPD solution matches the Monte Carlo simulations. Moreover, we also provide a closed-form solution for the iterative adaptive ILA-DPD. Our analysis shows that in the case of a large training block length the non-iterative DPD achieves approximately the same performance as an iterative DPD with a shorter training block length. System impairments are also considered, e.g. the thermal noise and the quantization noise in analog–digital conversion (ADC). We derive the normalized mean square error (NMSE) for the transmit chain in the presence of these impairments. The NMSE expression is verified through numerical simulations.  相似文献   
3.
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are the most promising alternatives to traditional fossil energy because of their advantages of low production cost, facile structure, relatively low environmental impact, relatively high photoelectronic absorption efficiency, and overall high efficiency. In addition, several studies on sensitizers as vital components have been conducted over the last three decades. Compared to metal dyes, metal-free organic dyes have been considered as promising candidates because of their simple fabrication, multiple structures, high molar absorption coefficients, easily tunable properties, and environmental friendliness. In this study, we systematically investigated the optoelectronic properties of six metal-free organic donor-acceptor dyes (RD1–6) derived from the known dye R6 by using the density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT methods. Cell performance parameters were discussed, including the geometrical and electronic structures, absorption spectrum, adsorption energy, light harvesting efficiency (LHE) curve, predictive short circuit current density (JscPred.), predictive open circuit voltage (VocPred.), and theoretical power conversion efficiency (PCE). Results revealed that all the designed dyes exhibited high theoretical PCE. In particular, dyes RD1, 2, and 4–6 showed greater conjugations, and dyes RD1–3 had smaller energy gaps than those of the reference dye. In addition, dyes RD1–3, 5, and 6 exhibited better light harvesting capacities that covered the entire visible region and extended to the near-infrared region with obviously red-shift maximum absorption wavelengths (λmax), wider LHE curves, and higher JscPred. as compared to the reference dye. It was critical that dyes RD1 and 2 not only have greater conjugations and narrow band gaps but also good light harvesting capacities with more than 56-nm red-shift maximum absorption wavelengths and broadened LHE curves than those of the reference dye. Notably, mainly because of an average increment of 12.0% of JscPred., a remarkable increment of the theoretical power conversion efficiency was observed from 12.6% for dye R6 to 14.1% for dyes RD1 and 2. Thus, dyes RD1 and 2 exhibited superior cell performances and could be promising sensitizer candidates for highly efficient DSSCs. These results could be used to guide effective synthetic efforts in the discovery of efficient metal-free organic dye sensitizers in DSSCs.  相似文献   
4.
借助高速摄影和图像分析技术对首次发现的附壁气泡的绕圈现象进行了实验研究,重点研究游移气泡的运动轨迹、附壁气泡的布阵过程、气泡的来源以及气泡的振动细节.研究发现游移绕圈气泡的运动轨迹呈现出不稳定、不规则、不光滑的特点.阵列气泡源于游移气泡,而游移气泡变成阵列气泡的方式主要是通过合并增大体积,从而减小所受的Bjerknes力,降低活性的方式实现的.游移气泡源于ALF(acoustic lichtenberg figure)空化云中大量空泡的合并,使以径向振动为主的空泡逐渐过渡到以表面波动为主的气泡.阵列气泡在Bjerknes力的作用下呈现出规则的表面波动,而体积更小受力更大的游移空泡的表面完全失稳,呈现极不规则的形貌,并对附近阵列气泡的表面波动产生影响.阵列气泡呈现出十分规则的排布,相邻阵列气泡之间的振动相位是相反的,表现为相互排斥.  相似文献   
5.
We prove that testing feasibility for an AC power flow system is a strongly NP-hard problem.  相似文献   
6.
Given n samples(viewed as an n-tuple) of a γ-regular discrete distribution π,in this article the authors concern with the weighted and unweighted graphs induced by the n samples. They first prove a series of SLLN results(of Dvoretzky-Erd¨os’ type). Then they show that the vertex weights of the graphs under investigation obey asymptotically power law distributions with exponent 1 + γ. They also give a conjecture that the degrees of unweighted graphs would exhibit asymptotically power law distribu...  相似文献   
7.
厚度模压电超声换能器作为超声波发射、接收以及电信号间转换的载体,是超声成像与检测系统的核心器件,一般由压电层、匹配层和背衬层3部分组成。超声换能器的性能一定程度上决定着整体超声设备的性能,影响了其在工业、医学、军事等领域的应用。该换能器的关键性能指标(带宽、灵敏度)除了受到压电层的影响,还与匹配层、背衬层等无源声学材料的设计密切相关。该文综述了近年来厚度模压电超声换能器无源声学材料(匹配层、背衬层和声透镜)的研究进展,提出了当前该类材料面临的难题和解决途径,并对其未来发展方向进行了展望。  相似文献   
8.
超导技术在许多高新技术领域有着广泛而深远的应用前景,其中超导导体接头技术是超导发展过程中必不可少的关键环节之一,快速而又准确地评估低电阻接头显得尤为重要.本文在考虑超导体的E-J特性后,针对目前低电阻接头采用的衰减法测量,计算得出感应电流完整的衰减曲线方程-幂函数方程.对比目前广泛采用的指数方程拟合与采用幂函数方程拟合的偏差,指出采用指数方程代替幂函数方程拟合的必要条件,为接头电阻衰减法测试,尤其是低电阻接头情况下的测量提供参考.  相似文献   
9.
Solid foods include fish, shrimp, shellfish, and other aquatic products, fruits, and vegetables. These products are commonly used for food freezing, cooling, and thawing. However, traditional freezing, cooling, and thawing of solid food technologies have limitations in quality, such as protein denaturation and water loss in food. Ultrasound-assisted technology has become a useful method in solid food processing due to improved preservation quality of solid food. This paper comprehensively reviews the mechanism and application of ultrasonic in solid food processing technology. Although the application of ultrasound-assisted ultrasound in solid food processing is relatively comprehensive, the energy saving of food cold processing is essential for practical application. This paper analyzes the optimization of ultrasonic in solid food processing, including orthogonal/multi-frequency technology and the combination of ultrasonic and other technologies, which provides new ideas for freezing, cooling, and thawing of solid food processing.  相似文献   
10.
朱甜甜  刘建  宋波  桂生  廉国选 《应用声学》2022,41(1):112-118
超声相控阵检测技术在焊缝检测中具有广泛的应用。超声相控阵检测技术检测信号中常混入噪声导致检测成像时难以分辨真实的缺陷特征。这些噪声主要为无关的反射信号和局部相关的结构噪声,传统的超声图像降噪方法难以有效滤除这些噪声,且存在计算效率低、参数优化复杂等问题。该文提出了一种基于深度学习的焊缝超声相控阵检测技术检测S扫图像的降噪方法,通过搭建深度神经网络降噪模型去除S扫图像中的噪声。经过实验验证,该方法较传统的降噪方法能更有效去除焊缝超声相控阵检测技术检测S扫图中的噪声,保留缺陷的图像细节,并且提高了计算效率,同时避免了人工对不同噪声水平的S扫图像进行参数优化。  相似文献   
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