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直接以氯金酸作为主盐、 羟基乙叉二膦酸(HEDP)作为镀液稳定剂和镀层细化剂、 结合添加剂, 组成亚硫酸盐无氰镀金新工艺; 研究镀液稳定性、 镀层形态及金电沉积机制。结果表明, HEDP可明显提升镀液稳定性;不含HEDP的亚硫酸盐镀金液中, 镀层呈棒状晶粒并随沉积时间延长而逐渐生长,导致镀层外观随镀层厚度增加由金黄色转变为红棕色。镀液含有HEDP时, 金晶粒形态由棒状转变为棱锥状, 且棱锥状晶粒随沉积时间延长生长速率较小, 镀层厚度为1 μm时仍呈现金外观。电化学实验表明金电沉积不经历成核过程。  相似文献   
3.
The chiral separation of various analytes (dichlorprop, mecoprop, ibuprofen, and ketoprofen) was demonstrated with different cyclodextrins as mobile phase additives in open-tubular liquid chromatography using a stationary pseudophase semipermanent coating. The stable coating was prepared by a successive multiple ionic layer approach using poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride), polystyrene sulfonate, and didodecyldimethyl ammonium bromide. Increasing concentrations (0–0.2 mM) of various native and derivatized cyclodextrins in 25 mM sodium tetraborate (pH 9.2) were investigated. Chiral separation was achieved for the four test analytes using 0.05–0.1 mM β-cyclodextrin (resolution between 1.11 and 1.34), γ-cyclodextrin (resolution between 0.78 and 1.27), carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin (resolution between 1.64 and 2.59), and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (resolution between 0.71 and 1.76) with the highest resolutions obtained with 0.1 mM carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin. %RSD values were <10%. This is the first demonstration of chiral open-tubular liquid chromatography using achiral chromatographic coatings and cyclodextrins as mobile phase additives.  相似文献   
4.
In the present study, Himalayan cheese, kradi was coated with beeswax loaded with pine needle extract (PNE) to increase its shelf life and nutraceutical potential. PNE was extracted via ultrasonication and incorporated into beeswax at concentrations, 2:1, 1:1, and 2:3 (grams of beeswax to mL of PNE). The dispersion of PNE in the coatings was carried out using an ultrasonic probe at a frequency of 20 kHz for 15 min and at power rating of 500 W. The coatings were characterised using scanning electron microscopy, light microscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy. DLS revealed a hydrodynamic diameter and zeta potential of 12.11 ± 0.41 µm and −19.32 ± 0.61 mV for coating loaded with highest concentration of PNE. The bioactivities of the coating including antioxidant, antidiabetic and antibacterial assays revealed significantly higher values with the increase in PNE concentration. Shelf life and sensory evaluation study including microbiological and sensory analysis revealed inhibition of mould growth and good score of texture and appearance with the increase in concentration of PNE. The study provides a future perspective for application of beeswax loaded PNE coatings in cheese industry.  相似文献   
5.
A straightforward, cost effective and eco-friendly protocol for the Biginelli reaction relying on the use of readily available hypophosphorous acid is presented. The methodology developed displays improvements compared to existing methods, is high-yielding, robust and was applied to a panel of dihydropyrimidines and thio-derivatives with various substituents. Related urea derivatives such as guanidines, benzimidazoles and benzothiazoles also reacted efficiently to afford more complex scaffolds. Thus, this rapid and convenient catalysis allows access to a wide diversity of structures including original biologically relevant heterocycles.  相似文献   
6.
为寻求新型热障涂层用陶瓷材料,本文采用高温固相烧结法制备了(Sm0.5Gd0.2Nd0.3)2(Hf0.3Ce0.7)2O7复合氧化物。利用XRD分析了其晶体结构,SEM分析其显微组织,膨胀仪测试其热膨胀性能,激光热导仪测试其热扩散系数。结果表明,成功制备了具有单一萤石晶体结构的(Sm0.5Gd0.2Nd0.3)2(Hf0.3Ce0.7)2O7复合氧化物。其显微组织结构致密,晶界清晰无其他相存在。由于复杂的元素组成和较大的原子量,其热导率明显低于7YSZ和Sm2Ce2O7。其较低的热膨胀系数则归因于B位离子较小的离子半径,但其热膨胀系数依然满足热障涂层的要求。  相似文献   
7.
针对静电超分子作用的交替层状自组装(LBL)膜稳定性差、易分解和难以实现应用的问题,设计合成了一种光交联型抗菌LBL多层膜.该LBL多层膜由修饰有光敏邻硝基苄醇分子的透明质酸(HANB)与季铵化的壳聚糖(ACS)通过静电作用在基片上交替沉积而成.光照后,HANB上的邻硝基苄醇分子产生活性醛基,与邻近壳聚糖上的氨基发生亚胺偶联反应,实现了LBL多层膜的光交联.实验证明交联后的LBL膜具有很好的稳定性,能在不同pH值盐溶液中长期保持膜的完整性.壳聚糖的抗菌特性赋予LBL膜良好的抗菌性能,亲水性生物大分子骨架的选取赋予LBL膜良好的细胞相容性.与其他化学交联方法相比,邻硝基苄醇光交联策略无需任何引发剂或添加剂的引入,具有更好的生物相容性,为医疗植入物表面抗菌涂层的构建提供新方法.  相似文献   
8.
Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) have broad applications in a wide variety of a fields pertaining to energy storage devices. In line with the increasing demand in emerging areas such as long-range electric vehicles and smart grids, there is a continuous effort to achieve high energy by maximizing the reversible capacity of electrode materials, particularly cathode materials. However, in recent years, with the continuous enhancement of battery energy density, safety issues have increasingly attracted the attention of researchers, becoming a non-negligible factor in determining whether the electric vehicle industry has a foothold. The key issue in the development of battery systems with high specific energies is the intrinsic instability of the cathode, with the accompanying question of safety. The failure mechanism and stability of high-specific-capacity cathode materials for the next generation of LIBs, including nickel-rich cathodes, high-voltage spinel cathodes, and lithium-rich layered cathodes, have attracted extensive research attention. Systematic studies related to the intrinsic physical and chemical properties of different cathodes are crucial to elucidate the instability mechanisms of positive active materials. Factors that these studies must address include the stability under extended electrochemical cycles with respect to dissolution of metal ions in LiPF6-based electrolytes due to HF corrosion of the electrode; cation mixing due to the similarity in radius between Li+ and Ni2+; oxygen evolution when the cathode is charged to a high voltage; the origin of cracks generated during repeated charge/discharge processes arising from the anisotropy of the cell parameters; and electrolyte decomposition when traces of water are present. Regulating the surface nanostructure and bulk crystal lattice of electrode materials is an effective way to meet the demand for cathode materials with high energy density and outstanding stability. Surface modification treatment of positive active materials can slow side reactions and the loss of active material, thereby extending the life of the cathode material and improving the safety of the battery. This review is targeted at the failure mechanisms related to the electrochemical cycle, and a synthetic strategy to ameliorate the properties of cathode surface locations, with the electrochemical performance optimized by accurate surface control. From the perspective of the main stability and safety issues of high-energy cathode materials during the electrochemical cycle, a detailed discussion is presented on the current understanding of the mechanism of performance failure. It is crucial to seek out favorable strategies in response to the failures. Considering the surface structure of the cathode in relation to the stability issue, a newly developed protocol, known as surface-localized doping, which can exist in different states to modify the surface properties of high-energy cathodes, is discussed as a means of ensuring significantly improved stability and safety. Finally, we envision the future challenges and possible research directions related to the stability control of next-generation high-energy cathode materials.  相似文献   
9.
Polystyrene (PS) fibers with core-shell structure were prepared by coaxial electrostatic spinning using liquid epoxy or curing agent as the core and PS solution as the shell. Scratch self-healing coatings were realized by using the healant-loaded core-shell fibers in the matrix.  相似文献   
10.
钛(Ti)及其合金凭借优异的机械性能和良好的生物相容性,一直是骨和牙种植体的主要临床应用材料。由于钛及其合金自身的生物惰性,不易与周围骨组织进行快速的骨整合,因此其表面的生物活性有待进一步提高。羟基磷灰石(HA)是人体骨和牙齿的主要无机成分,具有良好的生物活性和生物相容性,受其力学性能的制约,常被作为涂层材料覆盖在钛基体表面,用以提高植入体的生物活性。但一直存在涂层与基体界面结合强度低和涂层力学稳定性差的问题,成为限制其临床广泛应用的主要因素。本文从涂层结构设计、成分设计及制备方法等方面,就国内外改善钛基底与HA涂层界面结合性能的研究现状和发展动态作一综述,为高性能钛植入体的制备和应用提供参考。  相似文献   
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