不同碳源对产甲烷生物阴极性能的影响

以"H"型电池为主体装置,考察和比较了有机和无机碳源对产甲烷生物阴极启动期和稳定运行期性能的影响.结果表明,有机碳源可以加速产甲烷生物阴极的形成,并使其在稳定运行期维持较高的运行性能;有机碳源条件下所形成的产甲烷生物阴极具有较好的电化学活性,当阴极电势为-0.75 V(vs.SHE)时,其电流密度可达(2.34±0.15)A/m2;通过投加有机碳源,可以实现CO2(或HCO-3)的原位供给,与无机碳源直接供给方式相比,可在一定程度上缓解气液传质限制,提高微生物的生长速率,最终使产甲烷生物阴极表面生物量是无机碳源培养下的4倍多.从微生物分析角度解释了有机碳源提高产甲烷生物阴极性能的原因.     

Line broadening,shifting and mixing parameters for the ν1 + ν3 band of OCS perturbed by N2 and O2

In this paper, we report measured Rosenkranz N₂- and O₂-broadening, induced pressure-shift and mixing coefficients for OCS in the ν₁ + ν₃ band, using a multi-pressure fitting technique applied to the measured shapes of the lines, including the interference effects caused by the line overlaps. These measurements were made by analysing six laboratory absorption spectra recorded at 0.004 cm^?1 resolution using the Fourier transform spectrometer Bruker IFS125HR located at the Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques, in Créteil. The spectra have been recorded in the 1850–3000 cm^?1 wave number range at 295 K, using a multipass absorption cell with an optical path of 3.249 m. The total sample pressures ranged from 5.97 to 83.28 Torr with OCS volume mixing ratios between 0.001 and 0.013 in nitrogen or oxygen. We have been able to determine the N₂- and O₂-pressure-broadening coefficients of 81 ν₁ + ν₃ transitions with rotational quantum number J up to 50. The measured N₂- and O₂-broadening coefficients range from 0.0815 ± 0.0698 to 0.1169 ± 0.1027 cm^?1 atm^?1 at 295 K, respectively. Most of the measured pressure shifts are positive. The reported N₂- and O₂-induced pressure-shift coefficients vary from about ?0.0103 ± 0.0092 to 0.0097 ± 0.0092 cm^?1 atm^?1, respectively. We have examined the dependence of the measured broadening parameters on the quantum number m (m = ?J for the P branch and m = J + 1 for the R branch) and also developed an empirical expression to describe the broadening coefficients in terms of |m|. On average, this empirical expression reproduces the measured broadening coefficients to within 2%. Using a semi-classical Robert and Bonamy formalism, the theoretical broadening coefficients have been calculated at room temperature and compared with the experimental results. The theoretical results of the broadening coefficients are in very good overall agreement with the experimental data (2%).     

A theoretical study on the ionization of OCS with an analysis of vibrational structures of the photoelectron spectrum

 Ab initio calculations have been performed to study the molecular structures and vibrational levels of the four low-lying ionic states (1, 2²Π, and 1, 2²Σ⁺) of carbonyl sulfide. The global regions of the potential-energy surfaces have been obtained by multireference single and double excitation configuration interaction calculations. Vibrational calculations using explicit vibrational Hamiltonians have been used for vibrational analysis. The equilibrium molecular structures and a vibrational analysis of the four ionic states are presented. The theoretical ionization intensity curves including the vibrational structures of the ionic states are also presented and are compared with the photoelectron spectrum. Received: 20 January 2001 / Accepted: 22 August 2001 / Published online: 30 October 2001     

Submillimeter-wave spectrum of carbonyl sulfide: rare isotopic species

Rotational spectra of four rare isotopic species of OCS were observed in the 110-690 GHz region with a source-modulated submillimeter-wave spectrometer. Spectral lines of ¹⁸O¹³CS, O¹³C³⁶S, ¹⁸OC³⁶S, and ¹⁸O¹³C³⁴S were measured in their natural abundances, 21.4, 1.51, 0.29, and 0.95 ppm, respectively. The rotational constants and centrifugal distortion constants were precisely determined from observed line frequencies by least squares methods. In order to facilitate sensitivity examination in the submillimeter-wave region, transition frequencies and peak absorption coefficients were calculated and tabulated for the spectral lines of the four species up to the 1000 GHz region.     

变分过渡态理论对OCS,CO2,CS2体系的研究

本文用变分过渡态理论,首次对无鞍点的释能反应O+CS→CO+S、O+CO→CO+O和S+CS→CS+S进行了动力学研究,考察了反应动力学瓶颈区性质,计算了反应的速度常数,并将O+CS反应的速度常数值与实验值及经典轨迹计算结果进行了比较,三者基本相符.     

反射相移对光学玻璃电流传感器抗电磁干扰能力的影响

在光学玻璃电流传感器中，如果光线反射转向时在光的ｐ，ｓ分量之间引入反射相移，则会对该传感器的抗电磁干扰能力产生不良影响，本文对这种情况进行了理论上的分析，并给出了数值模拟和实验的结果。     

High-repetitive frequency millimeter-wave signal generation using multi-cascaded external modulators based on carrier suppression technique

We have numerically and experimentally investigated how to generate high-repetitive frequency millimeter (mm)-wave using multi-cascaded intensity modulators based on optical carrier suppression (OCS) scheme. We have found the rule how to generate the high-repetitive frequency mm-wave by adjusting the repetitive frequency of the radio-frequency (RF) signals and the phase relation between the RF signals on the intensity modulators. Based on this rule, we have experimentally demonstrated to generate over 80 GHz optical mm-wave.     

氧硫化碳在230 nm光激发下的S(~3P)解离通道

在230nm激光激发下,氧硫化碳(OCS)分子迅速解离生成振动基态但高转动激发的CO(X~1∑_g~+,v=0,J=42-69)碎片,并通过共振增强多光子电离技术实现其离子化。通过检测处于J=56-69转动激发态CO碎片的离子速度聚焦影像,我们获得了各转动态CO碎片的速度分布和空间角度分布,其中包含了S(1D)+CO的单重态和S(~3P_J)+CO三重态解离通道的贡献。不同的转动态CO碎片对应三重态产物通道的量子产率略有不同,经加权平均我们得到230 nm附近光解OCS分子中S(3P)解离通道的量子产率为4.16%。结合高精度量化计算的OCS分子势能面和吸收截面的信息,我们获得了OCS光解的三重态解离机理,即基态OCS(X~1A')分子吸收一个光子激发到弯曲的A~1A'态之后,通过内转换跃迁回弯曲构型的基电子态,随后在C-S键断裂过程中与2~3A"(c~3A")态强烈耦合并沿后者势能面绝热解离。     

射流冷却的OCS分子高分辨VUV吸收光谱研究

以双光子共振四波混频差频产生的高分辨、可调谐真空紫外激光(VUV)为光源,在151～156nm内测量了超声射流冷却的OCS分子1Σ+-1Σ+电子跃迁带的吸收光谱.由于采用射流冷却和高分辨激光,得到与前人吸收谱测量结果不同的光谱线线形,观察到两个呈现明显非对称结构的振动峰,通过Fano线型拟合,获得了这两个振动峰的半高峰宽和非对称参数q值,与前人光碎片激发谱测量结果基本一致.实验中,为了消除VUV激光强度波动的影响,通过记录参比光的方法,有效地提高了吸收光谱的信噪比,使得吸收测量的灵敏度达到1%左右.