混流式水轮发电机DMC控制应用研究

动态矩阵控制是一种应用广泛的预测控制算法．因其建模简便、易于在线实施．在工业控制中得到了越来越广泛的应用．水轮机调节系统是一个非线性、参数时变的非最小相位系统．传统的控制手段不能达到满意的控制效果,本文将动态矩阵控制算法应用于水轮机调节系统中，仿真结果表明．对于混流式水轮机组转速得到快速而稳定的控制．     

液电冲击波在液固介质中的传播观测*

冲击波是一种高速瞬态的强烈非线性波动现象,在流体力学和材料力学、国防军工等领域有重要的学术意义和应用价值。冲击波在液体和固体介质中的清晰观测比较困难,但这种研究又不可或缺。该文采用高压电火花放电技术在水中产生厘米级的球形空泡,空泡膨胀后接着收缩崩塌,在极短时间和极小空间内释放出的能量在水中产生冲击波。结合纹影法和动态光弹法,使用高速摄像机和脉冲激光器组成的纹影-动态光弹法冲击波观测系统,可实现冲击波在液固介质中传播过程的高分辨率观测,为进一步研究冲击波的相关理论和应用技术提供了一种实验手段。     

西南某大型水电站拱肩槽边坡开挖的变形响应研究

对基于结构网格的Euler方程及N-S方程求解器和基于非结构网格的Euler方程求解 器,采用结构模态分析方法和柔度矩阵方法,对无人机大展弦比机翼在Ma=0.6, α=2?, 飞行高度20km的巡航状态下的静气动弹性特性进行了数值模 拟. 验证了两种求解器对静气动弹性模拟的准确性. 同时,对模态分析方法和柔度 矩阵方法进行了对比研究,发现柔度矩阵方法更适用于静气动弹性数值模拟. 另外, 对应用物面法向偏转方法替代网格变形技术模拟静气动弹性进行了研究,计算表明 物面法向偏转方法可以大大提高静气动弹性计算效 率和克服机翼结构变形过大时动网格技术无法处理的不足.     

河南宝泉抽水蓄能电站近场区断裂活动特征及对兴建电站的稳定性评价

本文通过野外调查和人工地震反射剖面法对河南宝泉抽水蓄能电站近场区内的断裂进行了详细的研究, 结果表明近场区内的断裂活动在晚更新世以来均已停止, 断裂活动将不会影响该电站的稳定性。     

岩体卸荷与水电工程

根据20世纪70年代以来我国西南山区大型水电工程实践,讨论了水电工程建设中岩体卸荷的地质现象和工程地质问题。文中介绍了我国工程地质界对岩体卸荷现象的认识过程和工程应用实践,提出以卸荷裂隙力学机制类型作为卸荷带划分的参照依据,并以典型实例对岸坡中在正常卸荷带以里出现的深裂缝及深卸荷问题作了探讨,提出我国深裂缝和深卸荷的力学机制基本模式。结合实例,讨论了岩体卸荷在水电工程实践应用中的一些问题。     

Optimization of power production through coordinated use of hydroelectric and conventional power units

In the present work a methodology to tackle the problem of simultaneous utilization of hydroelectric and conventional power units with the goal of optimizing power production operations over the short term is presented. Most problem formulations found in the literature result in the development of nonlinear optimization programs, which are solved with stochastic methods. The methodology presented in this paper leads to the development of a convex mixed integer quadratic programming (MIQP) model, which is a special type of nonlinear model that enables reaching the global optimum solution in short computational time. The efficiency of the proposed approach is demonstrated by its application to a realistic power production system.     

Risk-averse profit-based optimal scheduling of a hydro-chain in the day-ahead electricity market

This paper presents a profit-based model for short-term hydro scheduling adapted to pool-based electricity markets. The objective is to determine a feasible and realistic operation of a set of coupled hydro units belonging to a small or medium-size hydroelectric company in order to build the generation bids for the next 24 hourly periods. The company is assumed to be price-taker, and therefore, market prices are considered exogenous variables and modeled via scenarios generated by an Input/Output Hidden Markov Model (IOHMM). In order to be protected against low prices scenarios, two different risk-aversion criteria are introduced in the model: a minimum profit constraint and a minimum conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) requirement, which can be formulated linearly in the context of the optimization problem. In order to ensure a feasible operation, the model takes into account a very detailed representation of the generating units, which includes forbidden discharge intervals, spatial–temporal constraints among cascaded reservoirs, etc. The non-linear relationship among the electrical power, the net-head and the turbine water discharge is treated by means of an under-relaxed iterative procedure where net-heads are successively update until convergence is reached. During each algorithm stage, previous iterations’ information is used to build the input–output curves. This way, the hydro scheduling problem can be formulated as a MILP optimization problem, where unit-commitment decisions are modeled by means of binary variables. The model has been successfully applied to a real-size example case, which is also presented in this paper.     

工程水文地质学及其在水电工程中的应用概述

工程水文地质问题产生于人类工程活动与地质环境中岩土体和地下水之间的相互制约和相互作用过程中,由于问题本身的复杂性,目前对这类问题的研究尚处于相对分散的单一研究状态,缺乏系统的从地质机制分析到地质模型抽象,进而由模拟再现到发展趋势预测以及治理措施论证的全过程研究。本文在系统分析、总结水电工程中水 -岩和水 -工程建筑的作用类型及特征基础上,认为可能出现的工程水文地质问题主要是;水库诱发地震、岩溶渗漏、库岸及高边坡的稳定、坝基、坝肩抗滑稳定、枢纽区深层承压水问题等。