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1.
Thin-film composite of chitosan/nickel phthalocyanine (NiPc) was electrochemically deposited on the fingers of interdigitated gold electrodes, applying chronoamperometric polymerization technique. The presence of crystallized NiPc in the chitosan was confirmed by EDX and FTIR analysis. Acetone, ethanol, and methanol gas-sensing properties of the films prepared at optimum conditions were studied at atmospheric temperature, through differential measurements at an optimized frequency of 10 kHz, using a lock-in amplifier. The conductometric sensor presents the highest sensitivity of 60.2 μS.cm−1(v/v) for methanol and 700 ppm as the limit of detection. For validation, the methanol content of a commercial rubbing alcohol was determined.  相似文献   
2.
生物柴油是新型环境友好型替代能源,其主要成分为碳数分布在C6~C24的长链脂肪酸酯。利用瞬态单丝法导热系数测量系统在272~352 K温度范围内、0.1~15 MPa压力范围内对三种生物柴油组成成分壬酸甲酯、庚酸甲酯和己酸甲酯的液相导热系数进行了实验测量,并将导热系数拟合成关于温度和压力的方程,壬酸甲酯、庚酸甲酯和己酸甲酯导热系数实验值与拟合方程的计算值最大相对偏差分别为?0.18%、0.12%和?0.07%,平均绝对偏差分别为0.06%、0.05%和0.02%。导热系数实验系统测量的扩展不确定度小于2%(置信区间0.95),重复性好于±0.5%。  相似文献   
3.
Yukai Zhuang 《中国物理 B》2022,31(8):89101-089101
Iron oxides are widely found as ores in Earth's crust and are also important constituents of its interiors. Their polymorphism, composition changes, and electronic structures play essential roles in controlling the structure and geodynamic properties of the solid Earth. While all-natural occurring iron oxides are semiconductors or insulators at ambient pressure, they start to metalize under pressure. Here in this work, we review the electronic conductivity and metallization of iron oxides under high-pressure conditions found in Earth's lower mantle. We summarize that the metallization of iron oxides is generally controlled by the pressure-induced bandgap closure near the Fermi level. After metallization, they possess much higher electrical and thermal conductivity, which will facilitate the thermal convection, support a more stable and thicker D$\prime\prime$ layer, and formulate Earth's magnetic field, all of which will constrain the large-scale dynamos of the mantle and core.  相似文献   
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5.
本文基于定型相变材料(SSPCM)建立了新型储能型太阳能蒸馏器的实验系统,并分别对普通SSPCM和高导热SSPCM的蒸馏特性进行了实验研究。研究发现:与传统太阳能蒸馏器相比,基于普通SSPCM的储能型蒸馏器的日产量提升了7.5%,采用高导热SSPCM的日产量提升了39%。此外,本文还对蒸馏器结构进行了优化研究,研制出了太阳能选择性吸收涂层和V型波纹板复合结构两种底衬,与普通底衬相比,两种优化的底衬分别使蒸馏器的日产量提高了16.8%和9.6%。  相似文献   
6.
The first principle computational screening was performed to investigate the effect of selected dopants for Li3PS4 sulfide solid electrolyte on its ionic conductivity and stability toward moisture. The results suggest that substitution P5+ using isovalent cations whose electronegativity (EN) value is closer to the value of S has more significant effects on the ionic conductivity, whereby W5+ and Sb5+ can improve most. Similarly, aliovalent cation substitutions with compensating changes in the lithium-ion concentration, particularly those with a lower oxidation state and higher EN, such as Cu2+, effectively enhance the lithium-ion conductivity in this structure. For cation dopants, it is found that ionic conductivity improvement of Li3PS4 is the synergetic effect of EN and oxidation number of the dopant as well as the material's lattice parameter change. Oxides of the considered cation dopants can also improve the ionic conductivity of the material but have much lower lithium-ion conductivity than the cases of cation dopants. However, the metal oxide dopants, particularly those derived from soft Lewis' acid cations, show a marginal improvement in moisture stability of the Li3PS4 electrolyte. The effect of halides and metal halide dopants on the lithium-ion conductivity and moisture stability of Li3PS4 electrolyte are also studied. It is found that metal halides are more effective than any other dopants in improving the ionic conductivity of Li3PS4.  相似文献   
7.
The dielectric barrier discharge of helium in a 6 mm gap at atmospheric pressure was studied. In this paper, the influence of electric field distribution on the uniformity of DBD is analyzed theoretically and verified by experiments. The experimental results show that the mesh electrode produces a local enhancement effect by affecting the electric field and then produces corona discharge, which provides seed electrons for the subsequent discharge process. The effects of mesh diameter and size on discharge uniformity and stability are analyzed, the electrode structure parameters are optimized, the method of a segmented electrode is proposed, and the discharge process and charge distribution are studied. The electrical diagnosis results of plasma technology show that the segmented mesh electrode reduces the breakdown voltage of DBD and increases the charge deposition.  相似文献   
8.
The coaxial mixers enhance the suspension of concentrated slurries in an agitated reactor. In this research work, the complex slurry suspension and dissemination behavior in a coaxial slurry mixing system (comprised of a close clearance anchor rotating with a low speed and an inner axial impeller rotating with a high speed) was analyzed employing ERT (electrical resistance tomography, a non-intrusive flow visualization technique), and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The numerical models were validated by comparing the axial solid concentration profiles generated using the ERT data and the CFD simulation results. The influences of various important parameters such as the diameter of the inner axial impeller, the inner impeller type, and the inner impeller spacing on the hydrodynamic characteristics of the slurry suspensions in a coaxial mixing vessel were thoroughly analyzed. The radial and axial velocity profiles of solid particles were generated using the validated mathematical models. The assessment of energy loss due to the solid–solid collisions, the particle–fluid frictions, and the particle–vessel wall collisions was conducted. The evaluation of optimum inner impeller clearance and inner impeller diameter is essential to attain a high degree of solids suspension and dissemination in a coaxial slurry mixing system.  相似文献   
9.
为了测量高温高压条件下航空燃料的导热系数,基于恒热流密度条件下,常物性不可压缩流体在圆管层流充分发展时的努塞尔数为常数原理,搭建了导热系数测量装置。通过牛顿冷却定律测量管内流体充分发展时的换热系数,可以在线测量流体的导热系数。经不确定度分析得到实验条件下最大相对不确定度为5.76%。使用乙苯和正十烷验对实验装置进行了标定,结果表明实验值与参考值比较的最大绝对偏差为5.36%。最后对2.5、3和3.5MPa下,不同温度范围的国产航油RP-3导热系数进行了测量。  相似文献   
10.
为了改善GaN HEMT的自热效应,集成高热导率的金刚石衬底有助于增强器件有源区的热量耗散。然而,化学气相淀积(CVD)生长的多晶金刚石(PCD)具有柱状晶粒结构,导致了各向异性的材料热导率,且其热导率值与生长厚度有关。为此,通过建模金刚石生长过程中晶粒尺寸的演变过程,计算了金刚石沿面内和截面方向的热导率。基于该PCD热导率模型,利用计入材料非线性热导率的GaN器件热阻解析模型,计算得到了GaN HEMT沟道温度的波动范围,并分析了其与器件结构(栅长、栅宽、栅间距、衬底厚度)和功耗的依赖关系。最后,通过与有限元(FEM)仿真结果对比,分区域提取了GaN HEMT器件中PCD衬底的有效热导率,分别为260~310 W/(m·K)和1 250~1 450 W/(m·K)。本文的计算为预测金刚石衬底上GaN HEMT器件的沟道温度提供了快速、有效的方法。  相似文献   
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