Nanocomposite thin film structures based on polyarylenephthalide with SWCNT and graphene oxide fillers

Investigations of nanocomposite thin films based on polyarylene- phthalide, single-walled carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide have been carried out. Using these films as a transport layer, field-effect transistors were assembled and their output and transfer characteristics were measured. The mobility of charge carriers was estimated and the obtained values are as follows: μ_PAP/GO = 0.020 cm² V^?1 s^?1 and μ_PAP/SWCNT = 0.071 cm² V^?1 s^?1.     

气相输运沉积制备c轴择优取向的碘化铋薄膜

铋基卤化物材料因其无毒和优良的光电性能而显示出巨大的应用潜力。BiI₃作为一种层状重金属半导体,已被用于X射线检测、γ射线检测和压力传感器等领域,最近其作为一种薄膜太阳能电池吸收材料备受关注。本文采用简单的气相输运沉积(VTD)法,以BiI₃晶体粉末作为蒸发源,在玻璃基底上得到高质量c轴择优取向的BiI₃薄膜。并通过研究蒸发源温度和沉积距离对薄膜物相和形貌的影响,分析了BiI₃薄膜择优生长的机理。结果表明VTD法制备的BiI₃薄膜属于三斜晶系,其光学带隙为~1.8 eV。沉积温度对薄膜的择优取向有较大影响,在沉积温度低于270 ℃时,沉积的薄膜具有沿c轴择优取向生长的特点,超过此温度,c轴择优取向生长消失。在衬底温度为250 ℃、沉积距离为15 cm时制备的薄膜结晶性能最好,晶体形貌为片状八面体。     

掺锗提高VO2薄膜的相变温度机理研究

二氧化钒(VO₂)作为一种长久以来备受关注的新型可逆相变材料,发展潜力巨大,其相变温度(T_MIT)的调控一直是研究热点。本文主要利用锗离子作为掺杂离子探索其对VO₂薄膜T_MIT的影响,并尝试解释其内部作用机理。在约1 cm²大小抛光的氧化铝薄片上沉积了一系列含不同比例锗离子VO₂薄膜。研究发现锗离子作为掺杂离子确实有利于T_MIT的提高(本课题T_MIT最大可达84.7 ℃)。T_MIT提高的主要原因是锗离子的引入能够强化单斜态V-V二聚体的稳定性,进而增强单斜态的稳定性,使得低温单斜态向四方金红石态转变更加困难。     

On the Integration of Dielectrometry into Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy to Obtain Characteristic Properties of a Dielectric Thin Film

We demonstrate a novel impedimetric approach providing unprecedented insight into characteristic properties of dielectric thin films covering electrode surfaces. The concept is based on the joint interpretation of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) together with dielectrometry (DEM) whose informative value is mutually interconnected. The advantage lies in the synergistic compensation of individual shortcomings adversely affecting conventional impedimetric analysis strategies relying exclusively on either DEM or the traditional EIS approach, which in turn allows a reliable determination of thickness and permittivity values. The versatility of the method proposed is showcased by an in-situ growth-monitoring of a nanoporous, crystalline thin film (HKUST-1) on an interdigitated electrode geometry.     

烷基苯磺酸盐表面活性剂对水合硅酸钙形貌和结构的影响

利用十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)为模板剂, 研究了SDBS的浓度、 Ca ²⁺和Si {\mathrm{O}}_3^{2-} 离子的浓度、 是否搅拌和反应时间等条件对水合硅酸钙(CSH)形貌特征和分散性能的影响, 并提出了不同CSH球壳形貌特征的形成机理. 结果显示, 溶液中Na₂SiO₃·9H₂O浓度增大、 SDBS浓度增大及反应时间延长均会使CSH的结晶度变好, 聚合度增大, Q ²结构的相对含量增加, 其中Na₂SiO₃·9H₂O和SDBS浓度是主要控制因素. SDBS在溶液中形成的球形胶束具有极强的模板作用, 能有效改变CSH的结晶生长方式; 通过调节SDBS浓度和钙硅比例, 并适当延长CSH的生长时间, 能够获得球壳完整、 分散性好且稳定性强的CSH.     

A simple method for extracting both active oily and water soluble extract (WSE) from Nigella sativa (L.) seeds using a single solvent system

The current study provides a way of extraction for both active NSO and WSE from Nigella sativa seeds using 98% methanol. About 1?kg of ground seeds was macerated by 1:2.5 w/v (g/mL) for 72?hours. After rotary evaporation and 7 days of continuous drying and chilling at 50 and 4?°C, NSO and WSE were obtained at the same instant. Solubility tests of 24 solvents and 11 thin layer chromatographic analyses while 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging assay of NSO (73.66) , WSE (33.32) and NSO?+?WSE (78.22) against ascorbic acid (IC50?=?4.28?mg/mL) was performed. WSE was found to be highly soluble in water and 5% NaOH exhibiting the same Rf value of 0.95 for EtOH:DMSO (9:1) against the honey. WSE has revealed more than twofold higher anti-oxidant activity than others. Formulation of WSE with Tualang honey may provide better targeted hydrophilic drug delivery systems.     

On the determination of laminar flame speed from low-pressure and super-adiabatic propagating spherical flames

The outwardly propagating spherical flame (OPF) method is popularly used to measure the laminar flame speed (LFS). Recently, great efforts have been devoted to improving the accuracy of the LFS measurement from OPF. In the OPF method, several assumptions are made. For examples, the burned gas is assumed to be static and in chemical equilibrium. However, these assumptions may not be satisfied under certain conditions. Here we consider low-pressure and super-adiabatic propagating spherical flames, for which chemical non-equilibrium exists and the burned gas may not be static. The objective is to assess the chemical non-equilibrium effects on the accuracy of LFS measurement from the OPF method. Numerical simulations considering detailed chemistry and transport are conducted. Stoichiometric methane/air flames at sub-atmospheric pressures and methane/oxygen flames at different equivalence ratios are considered. At low pressures, broad heat release zone is observed and the burned gas cannot quickly reach the adiabatic flame temperature, indicating the existence of chemical non-equilibrium of burned gas. Positive flow in the burned gas is identified and it is shown to become stronger at lower initial pressure. Consequently, the LFS measurement from OPF at low pressures is not accurate if the burned gas is assumed to be static and at chemical equilibrium. For super-adiabatic spherical flames, the burned gas speed is found to be negative due to the local temperature overshoot at the flame front. Such negative speed of burned gas can also reduce the accuracy of LFS measurement. It is recommended that the direct method measuring both flame propagation speed and flow speed of unburned gas should be used to determine the LFS at low pressures or for mixtures with super-adiabatic flame temperature.     

Protection of Li metal anode by surface-coating of PVDF thin film to enhance the cycling performance of Li batteries

The PVDF thin film on the surface of the lithium metal can highly suppress the lithium dendrites.     

Regularity and Rigidity for Nonlocal Curvatures in Conformal Geometry

In this paper, we will explore the geometric effects of conformally covariant operators and the induced nonlinear curvature equations in certain nonlocal nature. Mainly, we will prove some regularity and rigidity results for the distributional solutions to those equations.     

球形WC增强铁基复合等离子堆焊层的组织与摩擦学性能

为提高304不锈钢的摩擦学性能,将质量分数为30%和60%的球形WC添加到铁基复合粉末,采用等离子堆焊技术在其表面制备了WC增强铁基复合涂层.分析其显微组织结构、物相和显微硬度,在恒定载荷(50 N)和滑动速度(20 mm/s)下进行干摩擦磨损试验,研究其干滑动摩擦学性能.结果表明:富含Cr的固溶强化奥氏体、高硬度的Cr7C3和WC增强相的存在,提高了WC增强铁基堆焊层的硬度,30%WC和60%WC涂层的显微硬度达到HV0.2665和HV0.2724,比铁基涂层提高了21.1%和31.9%,是304基体的3.7和4倍;30%WC和60%WC涂层的摩擦系数和磨损率分别为0.59和2.639×10~(–6) mm~3·N~(–1)·m~(–1),0.42和1.111×10~(–6) mm~3·N~(–1)·m~(–1).30%WC和60%WC涂层均表现出优异的耐磨性能,其磨损机理分别为黏着磨损和二体磨粒磨损的混合机制,和三体磨粒磨损.