舰船噪声小波谱提取方法研究

人耳听测舰船噪声的特征,是声纳员非常重要的专业技能。本文根据小波变换与人耳蜗频率响应相近似的特点,以cmor1-0.5母小波为基础,构造了一系列基于小波变换的滤波器组。对于小波谱提取中涉及的带宽、分辨率等参数进行了分析,提出了小波谱提取过程中改善分辨率的办法。为检验该方法的可行性,对三种不同类型的舰船噪声进行了小波谱分析,与其FFT谱图进行了比较。为解决小波谱提取过程中高分辨率与计算量的矛盾,提出了对指定频带进行小波谱分析的方法,解决了计算量的问题。     

Neural stimulation with optical radiation

This paper reviews the existing research on infrared neural stimulation, a means of artificially stimulating neurons that has been proposed as an alternative to electrical stimulation. Infrared neural stimulation (INS) is defined as the direct induction of an evoked potential in response to a transient targeted deposition of optical energy. The foremost advantage of using optical radiation for neural stimulation is its spatial resolution. Exogenously applied or trans‐genetically synthesized fluorophores are not used to achieve stimulation. Here, current work on INS is presented for motor nerves, sensory nerves, central nervous system, and in vitro preparations. A discussion follows addressing the mechanism of INS and its potential use in neuroprostheses. A brief review of neural depolarization involving other optical methods is also presented. Topics covered include optical stimulation concurrent with electrical stimulation, optical stimulation using exogenous fluorophores, and optical stimulation by transgenic induction of light‐gated ion channels.