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1.
Time-reversed speech has been known to effectively mask information for speech privacy applications. However, the annoyance and distraction caused by the time-reversed speech-like masking sound is higher than other masking sound. This study investigates the effects of adding artificial reverberation to the time-reversed speech. Subjective listening tests have been conducted to measure the intelligibility of target speech, annoyance and distraction caused by the masking sound. The experimental results suggest that adding artificial reverberation to a speech-like masking sound has a significant effect to reduce the annoyance level while maintaining the masking effectiveness of the original masking sound. A trend was also observed that the addition of artificial reverberation could reduce the level of distraction caused by the masking sound.  相似文献   
2.
The purpose of the study is to describe the effect of a suppressor to environmental noise with a typical Finnish rifle shooting range that has a shooting shelter and some noise berms. The noise measurements were carried out at Kyronpelto shooting range situated near Mikkeli in Finland. The range is equipped with wooden shooting shelter, the shooting distance is 150 m, and it has berms on sides and at the impact end. The terrain is relatively flat in the area. The best noise area reduction caused by a suppressor could be seen at angles of 315–45° from the shooting direction. The projectile noise dominates at angles 45–70°, and the effect of the suppressor is very small. To the side and back the shooting shelter has already gained significant noise attenuation, and therefore the suppressor cannot reduce the noise area much more. When there was a relatively tight shooting shelter to the side and back, the suppressor did not reduce the environmental noise area significantly any more. It can be calculated that the noise area of 65 dB (LAImax) is reduced from 95 ha to 50 ha (0.95 km2–0.50 km2) with the help of a suppressor. However, most of the area is situated to the shooting sector and it has to be unoccupied for safety reasons.  相似文献   
3.
Apartments that are exposed to the same level of road traffic noise on front of the most exposed façade often have very different neighbourhood soundscapes. In the first part of this paper, a neighbourhood soundscape adjusted exposure indicator, NALden, is derived. NALden-values are designed to be used as input to traditional exposure-effect relationships to improve annoyance impact estimates. In the second part, generic spatial procedures are developed and implemented. These produce map presentations in the form of contiguous neighbourhood quality areas. The quality of each neighbourhood is determined from the predicted annoyance impacts for residents. Noise impact maps provide experts, politicians, and the public with high-level impact visualizations of condensed status, “what-if” and scenario information. Results and illustrations are based on data from the Norwegian socio-environmental survey database, and a comprehensive national noise mapping effort. The methodology should work well for mapping Europe’s “black” and “grey” areas.  相似文献   
4.
A continuous judgment by category-ratio (CJCR) scaling method was used to evaluate the instantaneous annoyance of original and modified aircraft sounds. The result from the proposed method resulted in a temporal stream of annoyance levels for the whole flyover sequence that could be further analyzed. The test subjects were continuously rating their instantaneous annoyance on a Borg CR 100 scale® during the playback of 10 flyover sequences. Using a category-ratio (CR) scale instead of a category (C) scale, mathematical operations such as calculations of average were enabled but gave also advantages in terms of higher resolution in the responses. The results showed differences in perception in the time segment where the sound had been modified. The temporal stream of annoyance was also converted into overall judgments of the sounds, these estimations showed consistency with previous results obtained using the semantic differential and paired comparison method.  相似文献   
5.
A survey and a laboratory experiment were conducted to investigate the influence of noise sensitivity on the annoyance caused by indoor residential noises and outdoor traffic noise. Results showed that noise sensitivity significantly influenced the annoyance level caused by both indoor and outdoor noise, consistent with previous studies on transportation noise. Annoyance level was significantly correlated with sensitivity in both the survey (r = 0.42–0.48 and 0.35 for indoor and outdoor noises, respectively) and the laboratory experiment (r = 0.25 and 0.14 for indoor and outdoor noises, respectively), in which noise exposure was controlled at 50 dBA. The correlation coefficient for indoor noise was higher than that for outdoor noise and was also higher than the average values (r = 0.3 and 0.22 for uncontrolled and controlled noise exposures, respectively) calculated using the results of several previous studies on outdoor transportation noise. Sensitivity was found to have a greater influence on the percentage of people who were highly annoyed by the indoor noise than it did on those affected by the outdoor noise.  相似文献   
6.
Ambient sound can impair verbal short-term memory performance. This finding is relevant to the acoustic optimization of open-plan offices. Two algorithmic approaches claim to model the impairment during a given sound condition. One model is based on the Speech Transmission Index (STI). The other approach relies on the hearing sensation fluctuation strength (F). Within the scope of our consulting activities the approach based on F can hardly be applied and the model based on the STI is often misinterpreted in terms of semanticity. Therefore we put to test the two models and elucidate the relevance of temporal–spectral variability and semanticity of background sound with regard to impairment of performance. A group of 24 subjects performed a short-term memory task and rated perceived annoyance during eight different speech and speech-like noise conditions, which varied with regard to STI and F. The empirical data is compared to the model predictions, which only partly cover the experimental results. Speech impairs performance more than all other sound conditions and variable speech-like noise is more impairing than continuous speech-like noise. Sound masking with continuous speech-like noise provides relief from the negative effect of background speech. This positive effect is more pronounced if the signal to noise ratio is −3 dB(A) or even lower.  相似文献   
7.
Some researchers have suggested that recent studies of aircraft noise annoyance indicate that people react more strongly to a given noise exposure level today than in the past, but is there good statistical evidence to support this hypothesis? This paper reviews the correspondence between aircraft noise exposure and annoyance responses reported in aircraft noise study analyses undertaken over a period of decades. Simple linear regression models and textbook statistical analyses are used to test the data. There are some indications of an upward trend in annoyance versus noise exposure over the last 25 years, but basic tests show that the statistical evidence for an upward trend is weak, and may simply be due to sampling and/or methodological differences between the studies. The survey collection method may play a role. In some cases, study participation rate effects may exaggerate community responses.  相似文献   
8.
A field study has been carried out in urban Assiut city, Egypt. The goals of this study are: (1) to carry out measurements to evaluate road traffic noise levels, (2) to determine if these levels exceeds permissible levels, (3) to examine people’s attitudes towards road traffic noise, (4) to ascertain the relationship between road traffic noise levels and degree of annoyance. The measurements indicate that traffic noise noise levels are higher than those set by Egyptian noise standards and policy to protect public health and welfare in residential areas: equivalent continuous A - weighted sound pressure levels (LA eq) = 80 dB and higher were recorded, while maximum permissible level is 65 dB. There is a strong relationship between road traffic noise levels and percentage of highly annoyed respondents. Higher road traffic noise levels mean that the percentage of respondents who feel highly annoyed is also increased.  相似文献   
9.
闫靓  陈克安 《应用声学》2004,23(6):35-39
本文针对我们已提出的环境声质量分类评价体系及与之相应的定量评价指标ESQ,进行了实验验证。研究结果表明:所提分类评价体系和ESQ是有效的,二者的评价结果是一致的。最后,针对整个实验研究过程进行了讨论,并指出有待进一步研究和改善的方面。  相似文献   
10.
While a range of international standards defining noise, vibration and other physical environmental measures have been established, common methodologies for measuring people's reactions to these same environmental effects are still in their infancy. This reduces the comparability of prevalence statistics and exposure-effect relationships developed by different researchers. The public authorities are served incompatible or seemingly conflicting information from different surveys when deciding on appropriate guidelines and limits. Drawing on experiences with the 1998 Norwegian Socio-vibrational Survey and a Swedish socio-acoustic survey supplemented with vibration measures, a new Nordtest Method: NT ACOU 106 Acoustics—Assessment of annoyance by vibrations in dwellings from road and rail traffic has been defined. The method describes sampling requirements, and proposes a mandatory verbal 5-point categorical annoyance scale and an optional 11-point numerical annoyance scale, both with lower anchoring point “Do not notice”. A survey data output format is specified to allow researchers to pool data from different surveys.  相似文献   
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