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1.
Demodulation of data transmitted over time-varying channels with a free running hidden Markov state, like the phase noise channel or the fading channel, requires that the receiver tracks the hidden channel state. The tracking technique adopted in the paper is based on non-data-aided sequential importance sampling, also known as particle filtering.The paper proposes a new particle filtering framework for data communication receivers based on an importance distribution such that each individual particle becomes a decision-directed Kalman filter relying upon its local symbol-by-symbol hard decisions. In this framework, different particles are left free to take different sequences of decisions. This leaves to the receiver the possibility of exploring different sequences of transmitted modulation symbols. The weight of the particle will be high for those particles that took in the past the correct sequence of decisions, while will be low for those particles that took wrong decisions. In the resampling procedure, particles with high weight will survive, while particles with low weight will be terminated, leaving space to the birth of new particles resampled from the surviving ones.The crucial point in importance sampling is the choice of the importance distribution and the main novelty of the paper is the proposal of an importance distribution such that the particles of the particle filter become decision-directed Kalman filters. One important benefit brought by our proposed method is that, being non-data-aided, it does not need pilot symbols, thus allowing to preserve the transmission rate. A significant application example, presented and developed in the paper, is constituted by MIMO systems affected by phase noise, where the channel state vector consists of many parameters. 相似文献
2.
Pei-Ying Li Jia-Hui Zhao Nian Li Bo Liu Wen-Ge Zhang Zi-Fan Zhu Chao Yan Ning-Lan Xiao Hua-Jie Lai 《Journal of separation science》2022,45(14):2621-2631
Recently, pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the water environment exhibited potential risks to both human and aquatic organisms. In order to improve the sensitivity and accuracy of pharmaceutical detection, the polyimidazolyl acetate ionic liquid was synthesized by Radziszewski reaction and coated on cellulose filter papers as a thin-film extraction phase for extraction of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from water. The attenuated total reflection-infrared spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscope analyses demonstrated that the polyimidazolyl acetate ionic liquid was successfully prepared and attached to the surface of the cellulose filter paper through chemical bonding. The adsorption capacity of the homemade thin-film extraction material for the four non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was greater than 8898 ng/cm2 under the optimum conditions, and the desorption rate was over 90%. Then, a paper-based thin-film extraction phase-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was established for the extraction of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in water. This method provided limits of detection and limits of quantification were in the range of 0.02–0.15 and 0.17–0.50 μg/L, respectively. Hence, the obtained thin-film extraction phase showed excellent recovery and reproducibility for the target non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with carboxyl groups from water. 相似文献
3.
Yandong Guo 《中国物理 B》2022,31(12):127201-127201
Controlling the spin transport at the single-molecule level, especially without the use of ferromagnetic contacts, becomes a focus of research in spintronics. Inspired by the progress on atomic-level molecular synthesis, through first-principles calculations, we investigate the spin-dependent electronic transport of graphene nanoflakes with side-bonded functional groups, contacted by atomic carbon chain electrodes. It is found that, by rotating the functional group, the spin polarization of the transmission at the Fermi level could be switched between completely polarized and unpolarized states. Moreover, the transition between spin-up and spin-down polarized states can also be achieved, operating as a dual-spin filter. Further analysis shows that, it is the spin-dependent shift of density of states, caused by the rotation, that triggers the shift of transmission peaks, and then results in the variation of spin polarization. Such a feature is found to be robust to the length of the nanoflake and the electrode material, showing great application potential. Those findings may throw light on the development of spintronic devices. 相似文献
4.
5.
针对近红外与彩色可见光图像融合后对比度低、细节丢失和颜色失真等问题,提出一种基于多尺度变换和自适应脉冲耦合神经网络(PCNN-pulse coupled neural network,PCNN)的红外与彩色可见光图像融合的新算法。首先将彩色可见光图像转换到HSI(hue saturation intensity)空间,HSI色彩空间包含亮度、色度和饱和度三个分量,并且这三个分量互不相关,因此利用这个特点可对三个分量分别进行处理。将其亮度分量与近红外图像分别进行多尺度变换,变换方法选择Tetrolet变换。变换后分别得到低频和高频分量,针对图像低频分量,提出一种期望最大的低频分量融合规则;针对图像高频分量,采用高斯差分算子调节PCNN模型的阈值,提出一种自适应的PCNN模型作为融合规则。处理后的高低频分量经过Tetrolet逆变换得到的融合图像作为新的亮度图像。然后将新的亮度图像和原始的色度和饱和度分量反向映射到RGB空间,得到融合后的彩色图像。为了解决融合带来的图像平滑化和原始图像光照不均的问题,引入颜色与锐度校正机制(colour and sharpness correction, CSC)来提高融合图像的质量。为了验证方法的有效性,选取了5组分辨率为1 024×680近红外与彩色可见光图像进行试验,并与当前高效的四种融合方法以及未进行颜色校正的本方法进行了对比。实验结果表明,同其他图像融合算法进行对比分析,该方法在有无CSC颜色的情况下均能保留最多的细节和纹理,可见度均大大提高,同时本方法的结果在光照条件较弱的情况下具有更多的细节和纹理,均具有更好的对比度和良好的色彩再现性。在信息保留度、颜色恢复、图像对比度和结构相似性等客观指标上均具有较大优势。 相似文献
6.
The high-sensitivity electron bombarded active pixel sensor (EBAPS) not only has the characteristics of high gain and high sensitivity of vacuum imaging devices, but also has the digital characteristics of solid-state imaging devices, which greatly improves the level of night vision imaging. A natural color low-level-light EBAPS imaging system was built based on three-color liquid crystal tunable filter (LCTF). According to the characteristics of low-level-light images, the color enhancement processing such as grayscale stretching, white balance, and color correction was performed on the color images obtained by the system. The experimental results show that the system can realize the natural low-illumination color imaging that reflects the color characteristics of the scene itself, which can effectively improve the observation effect of the characteristics of the target scene at night, and can realize the color imaging under 5×10−4 lx illumination. © 2022 Editorial office of Journal of Applied Optics. All rights reserved. 相似文献
7.
We designed a reconfigurable dual-interferometer coupled silicon nitride microring resonator.By tuning the integrated heater on interferometer's arms,the"critical coupling"bandwidth of resonant mode is continuously adjustable whose quality factor varies from 7.9×104 to 1.9×105 with the extinction ratio keeping higher than 25 dB.Also a variety of coupling spanning from"under-coupling"to"over-coupling"were achieved,showing the ability to tune the quality factor from 6.0×103 to 2.3×105.Our design can provide an adjustable filtering method on silicon nitride photonic chip and contribute to optimize the nonlinear process for quantum photonics and all-optical signal processing. 相似文献
8.
This paper details the design and simulation of a novel low-loss four-bit reconfigurable bandpass filter that integrates microelectromechanical system(MEMS)switches and comb resonators.A T-shaped reconfigurable resonator is reconfigured in a'one resonator,multiple MEMS switches'configuration and used to gate the load capacitances of comb resonators so that a multiple-frequency filtering function is realized within the 7-16 GHz frequency range.In addition,the insertion loss of the filter is less than 1.99 dB,the out-of-band rejection is more than 18.30 dB,and the group delay is less than 0.25 ns.On the other hand,the size of this novel filter is only 4.4 mm×2.5 mm×0.4 mm.Our results indicate that this MEMS reconfigurable filter,which can switch 16 central frequency bands through eight switches,achieves a low insertion loss compared to those of traditional MEMS filters.In addition,the advantages of small size are obtained while achieving high integration. 相似文献
9.
AbstractWe present an analysis of ensemble Kalman inversion, based on the continuous time limit of the algorithm. The analysis of the dynamical behaviour of the ensemble allows us to establish well-posedness and convergence results for a fixed ensemble size. We will build on recent results on the convergence in the noise-free case and generalise them to the case of noisy observational data, in particular the influence of the noise on the convergence will be investigated, both theoretically and numerically. We focus on linear inverse problems where a very complete theoretical analysis is possible. 相似文献
10.
Philip A. Ernst Wilfrid S. Kendall Gareth O. Roberts Jeffrey S. Rosenthal 《Stochastic Processes and their Applications》2019,129(2):355-380
Classical coupling constructions arrange for copies of the same Markov process started at two different initial states to become equal as soon as possible. In this paper, we consider an alternative coupling framework in which one seeks to arrange for two different Markov (or other stochastic) processes to remain equal for as long as possible, when started in the same state. We refer to this “un-coupling” or “maximal agreement” construction as MEXIT, standing for “maximal exit”. After highlighting the importance of un-coupling arguments in a few key statistical and probabilistic settings, we develop an explicit MEXIT construction for stochastic processes in discrete time with countable state-space. This construction is generalized to random processes on general state-space running in continuous time, and then exemplified by discussion of MEXIT for Brownian motions with two different constant drifts. 相似文献