玻璃陶瓷材料中Tm3+离子红外到蓝色上转换发光

系统研究了PbF2+GeO2+WO3ⅩⅣTmF3玻璃陶瓷材料中,在近红外光(1.06μm)激发下,Tm3+离子的发光特性.实验中观测到Tm3+离子的两组峰值位置分别在20920cm-1和22173cm-1的蓝色上转换发光,并证实这两组上转换发光分别与吸收三个和四个光子有关,同时建立了上转换发光的模型.为了选择最佳掺杂浓度,详细地测量了Tm3+离子峰值为20920cm-1的蓝色上转换发光强度与TmF3浓度的关系.     

读者来信摘登

安康学院的方小兵老师来信指出：在《物理实验》2006年第2期上，关于“超声波波型转换与表面波的检测”一文中，出现波形与波型混用．波形和波型，虽然都是用来描述波的性质，但两者没有任何因果关系，波形由波源的振动决定，由示波器来显示，波型则是通过测量声速来判定，它的类型由波源和介质共同决定且在介面上能发生波型转换．     

单光子态的产生与测量

报道了通过自发参量下转换产生单光子态的实验研究,使用中心波长425 nm的飞秒脉冲泵浦Ⅰ类非共线相位匹配的BBO晶体,在实验上得到单光子计数率为2.978×10-4,并分析了实验中的相关问题.     

Recombination Efficiency in Double-Layer Organic Light-Emitting Devices

We analyse the influence of properties of organic/organic interface (OOI) on the characteristics of recombination efficiency of organic double-layer light-emitting diodes. Based on the disordered hopping theory model, spatial and energetic disorder of hopping states are also discussed for the case of space charge limited currents in hole transmitting layers but injection-limited currents in electron transporting layers. The results show that the recombination efficiency increases firstly and then decreases for different OOI parameters, and there is a maximum value changed with different spatial disorder parameters and energetic disorder scale. Different spatial disorder parameters make carrier mobilities change greatly, and the energetic disorder scale causes various localized state densities. Our calculated results are qualitatively in agreement with the experimental data.     

Growth of NaBi（WO4）2 Dendrite and Mechanism

The solid-liquid interface motion of NaBi（WO4）2 （NBWO） melt crystal growth is observed in an in situ system, in which the whole processes of interface transition from fiat interface and cellular to dendrite are visualized. The spacing of the dendrite under smaller temperature gradient turns out to be larger than that under larger temperature gradient, which is found to be sensitive to the temperature distribution. The mechanism of dendrite growth of NBWO is studied based on the model of the growth units of anion coordination polyhedra. The { 001} face has two apex links, so it shows higher stability and has high growth rate and forms the arm of dendrite, whereas the {010} face has only one apex link, and thus shows relative slower growth rate and firstly forms the branches.     

Bayesian estimation of keyword confidence in Chinese Continuous speech recognition

In a syllable-based speaker-independent Chinese continuous speech recognition system based on classical Hidden Markov Model(HMM),a Bayesian approach of keyword confidence estimation is studied,which utilizes both acoustic layer scores and syllable-based statistical language model(LM) score.The Maximum a posteriori(MAP) confidence measure is proposed,and the forward-backward algorithm calculating the MAP confidence scores is deduced.The performance of the MAP confidence measure is evaluated in keyword spotting application and the experiment results show that the MAP confidence scores provide high discriminability for keyword candidates.Furthermore,the MAP confidence measure can be applied to various speech recognition applications.     

目标自适应分割算法的研究

初步探讨和分析几种实际典型场景目标与背景的特征，提出相应的目标分割算法，并对几种方法加以融合。实际跟踪算法中，实现目标分割方法的自动转换．自动调整自适应分割门限及搜索方案．实验表明，该算法转换灵活，跟踪平稳。自适应能力强，抗干扰性能好．易于软件实现．     

掺铒光纤放大器中上转换过程的影响

掺杂浓度的提高影响了掺铒光纤放大器(EDFA)的性能,对经典Giles模型提出了新的要求。首先研究了高掺杂下铒离子距离较小引起的上转换过程的机理,通过优化速率方程模型分析了上转换过程对EDFA的影响,得出了在泵浦光和信号光远远大于ASE光的假设下泵浦光和信号光沿光纤长度变化的近似表达式,并将该近似分析解与解析解进行了比较。仿真结果表明上转换过程会降低随光纤传输的信号光和泵浦光,影响EDFA的放大性能,并得出了当掺铒浓度大于2.95×1025m-3时,上转换过程的影响不能忽略的结论。     

掺杂Er^3＋的TiO2的发射光谱研究

用无水乙醇、冰醋酸、钛酸丁酯凝胶法制备了掺杂Er^3＋的TiO2粉末，测量了其在488m激发下的Stokes发射光谱和980nm激发下的上转换发光光谱。在可见光范围内，观察到了绿光和红光，绿光从500-570nm，对应Er^3＋的^2H11/2,^4S3／2→^4I15/2，红光从650～690m，对应Er^3＋的^4F9／2→^4I15／2的跃迁。由ln Ivis-In Iin曲线可知，绿光和红光均为双光子过程，光强正比于泵浦功率的二次方，即Iout ∝Iin。初步研究了此材料的上转换过程。