珠算基础知识英汉双语教学（一）

为了加强珠算的国际交流，提高我国珠算教师的综合素质，特将平时所收集资料进行整理，作为英汉双语教学教案，以供大家参考学习。     

珠算基础知识英汉双语教学（二）

珠算加法意味着将数字从左至右整齐地、顺序地排在珠上，他们就被记录下来。只要把数置在正确的地方，运算的答案就会立刻呈现在算盘上。     

Bayesian estimation of keyword confidence in Chinese Continuous speech recognition

In a syllable-based speaker-independent Chinese continuous speech recognition system based on classical Hidden Markov Model(HMM),a Bayesian approach of keyword confidence estimation is studied,which utilizes both acoustic layer scores and syllable-based statistical language model(LM) score.The Maximum a posteriori(MAP) confidence measure is proposed,and the forward-backward algorithm calculating the MAP confidence scores is deduced.The performance of the MAP confidence measure is evaluated in keyword spotting application and the experiment results show that the MAP confidence scores provide high discriminability for keyword candidates.Furthermore,the MAP confidence measure can be applied to various speech recognition applications.     

基于最小各向同性小波滤波的图像清晰度识别

提出了基于最小各向同性小波滤波的图像清晰度识别方法,对二维最小各向同性小波滤波提取图像特征进行了研究.直接将原始图像通过带通小波滤波器G0获得图像边缘信息,结合图像能量分析,建立了基于小波滤波的图像清晰度评价函数.利用构建的显微镜自动对焦实验平台,比较分析了基于小波滤波和拉普拉斯的评价方法.实验结果表明,采用基于各向同性小波滤波的自动对焦算法有更好的综合自动对焦性能.     

林杏琴会堂的音质分析及改进设想

采用精密声级计和双通道声学分析仪，对林杏琴会堂的声场分布、噪声本底和混响时间作了分区测试，应用建筑声学理论对会堂的音质状况进行了分析，并提出改善会堂音质的若干建议．     

Intelligibility enhancement for noisy whispered speech using asymmetric cost function

We proposed two whispered speech enhancement methods based on asymmetric cost functions in this paper to deal with the amplification and attenuation distortions of whispered speech distinctively.The modified Itakura-Saito（MIS）distance function provides more penalties to speech amplification distortion,whereas the Kullback-Leibler（KL）divergence function gives more penalties to speech attenuation distortion.The experimental results show that the MIS function based method achieves significant improvement of intelligibility in contrast to the conventional speech enhancement algorithms when the signal-to-noise ratio（SNR）falls below-6 dB,whereas the KL function based one achieves the similar result as the minimum mean square error（MMSE）speech enhancement method.The results show that the effects of the amplification and attenuation distortions on the intelligibility of the enhanced whisper are different,where larger attenuation distortion may result in better intelligibility of speech with low SNR.However,the attenuation distortion has small effects on intelligibility of speech with high SNR.     

基于连续HMM的汉语数码语音识别系统

探讨了连续隐马尔可夫模型的基本原理及其在汉语数码语音识别中的应用,实现了一个汉语数码语音识别系统,其正确识别率达到99%以上。     

语言通信中的一些声学问题

一、概 述 语言通信是研究两处或多处进行语言信息交换的学科.电话通信是语言通信中的一种最主要的手段,它与语言声学、生理声学、电声学和建筑声学等有着密切的关系.本文扼要介绍电话通信中经常遇到的一些声学问题. 二、电话传输质量的主观评价 电话传输系统的传输质量主观评价标准和     

提高干涉条纹清晰度的条件

分析了在满足干涉三条件后,提高两束光干涉条纹清晰度的条件.     

"化学"一词的由来

拉丁文chemia是从阿拉伯文的“炼金术”一词演变而来的，后者则可能来源于希腊语“浇铸”(或“浸液”)、埃及语“黑色”或汉语“金液”。汉译名“化学”一词首见于伟烈亚力主编的《六合丛谈》(1857年-1858年)，它得自王韬，是来华传教士戴德生所创并口授于王韬的。本文认为“质理学”一词可能是“化学”一词的有力竞争者。