拉曼光谱法结合X射线荧光光谱法检验一次性塑料鞋套的研究

为建立简便快速、准确无损的检验一次性塑料鞋套的方法,利用RT2000便携式拉曼光谱仪和X-MET7000能量色散型荧光光谱仪对27个不同品牌的一次性塑料鞋套进行检验分析。根据鞋套样品的有机成分、元素组成,可对一次性塑料鞋套样品进行很好的区分。同时,利用spss软件和K-Means聚类法对鞋套样品中的元素含量进行分析研究,实验效果较好。该方法简单快速、结果准确可靠,可用于公安机关实际办案。     

四种无机纳米颗粒对塑料抗紫外性能的研究进展

无机纳米颗粒在塑料抗紫外的研究中一直备受关注,主要介绍了四种(TiO₂、ZnO、SiO₂、CeO₂)典型的无机纳米颗粒在该领域的应用。首先归纳了其既能吸收又能反射或散射紫外线的抗紫外机理;其次,分别论述了不同无机纳米颗粒适用的紫外光波长范围,以在塑料中的添加方法和应用特点为主线,重点介绍了国内外四种无机纳米颗粒在塑料抗紫外性能中的研究现状和进展;最后,将四种无机纳米颗粒在塑料抗紫外性能中的应用特点进行了对比,提出了应用过程中存在的分散和相容性差等问题,以期为无机纳米颗粒的深入应用和发展提供一定的参考。     

基于显微光谱法的双壳类海洋生物中微塑料的检测方法研究

建立准确、高效的微塑料分析方法是研究微塑料在环境中的迁移、转化、归趋和生态毒理效应的前提。该研究系统优化了4种消解条件和滤膜种类,建立了用显微红外和拉曼光谱检测海产品中微塑料的方法,确定使用氢氧化钾在40 ℃下消解36 h,并用混合纤维素滤膜过滤的前处理方法。结果显示,大颗粒微塑料可使用显微红外全反射（ATR）、成像模式和显微拉曼单点检测模式进行检测,小颗粒微塑料可使用显微拉曼单点检测模式或显微拉曼和显微红外的成像模式进行检测。该文通过分析典型双壳类海洋生物中的微塑料,系统研究了检测微塑料的光谱方法。     

吸收湿气对微电子塑料封装影响的研究进展

微电子塑料封装中常用的聚合物材料因易于吸收周围环境中的湿气而对器件本身的可靠性带 来很大影响, 本文回顾了封装材料中湿气扩散、湿应力及蒸汽压力的产生这3个互相联系过 程的研究情况, 从理论分析、特征参数描述及其实验测定、有限元模拟分析的角度来分别予 以介绍.从已有的理论分析与实验结果中可以看出, 塑封材料吸收湿气会给器件的可靠性带 来诸多影响, 湿气的吸收、扩散、蒸发等过程, 实验测量, 以及由湿气带来的其它相关问题正 成为微电子封装可靠性研究领域中的新热点, 受到越来越多的关注与重视.     

Experimental and FEM study of windshield subjected to high speed bird impact

Both experimental and finite element model (FEM) results are presented for the dynamic strength behavior of windshield subjected to bird impact. The experimental data taken from a series of high speed photographs are compared with the numerical results predicted by using FEM in which the windshield was modeled entirely with solid elements and the bird body was approximately simulated by an elastic-plastic material with failure element behavior. Effective plastic strain and element pressure were adopted as the failure criteria and once the pressure or the effective plastic strain of an element reached the critical value, the element would lose the tensile resistance capability completely. The deflection and stress distribution in the windshield were obtained. It is shown that the result from the finite element analysis agrees with those from the full-scale bird impact test. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10272011)     

一种以2~#炸药为主要成份的塑料粘结炸药

2~#炸药[重(,,-三硝基乙基-N硝基)乙二胺]是一个零氧平衡的高能炸药。在2~#炸药中混入少量HMX,以氟橡胶粘结,以TATB、石墨和石腊组成的复合钝感剂来钝感,得到了撞击感度和摩擦感度较低的B-01炸药配方。配方组成为2~#炸药/HMX/TATB/氟橡胶/聚苯乙稀/石墨/石腊=70/22/4/2/0.5/0.5/1。 该配方的特点是冲击波感度很高,很容易用2mm直径的柔爆索起爆。其撞击感度与TNT相当(4％),摩擦感度低于14％,爆轰能量相当于PBX-9404,而且容易在低比压下制成不同形状,因此它适用于某些特殊用途的装药。     

ANALYSIS ON THE MAGNETO-ELASTIC-PLASTIC BUCKLING/SNAPPING OF CANTILEVER RECTANGULAR FERROMAGNETIC PLATES

An analysis of buckling/snapping and bending behaviors of magneto-elastic-plastic interaction and coupling for cantilever rectangular soft ferromagnetic plates is presented.Based on the expression of magnetic force from the variational principle of ferromagnetic plates,the buckling and bending theory of thin plates,the Mises yield criterion and the increment theory for plastic deformation,we establish a numerical code to quantitatively simulate the behaviors of the nonlinearly multi-fields coupling problems by the finite element method.Along with the phenom- ena of buckling/snapping and bending,or the characteristic curve of deflection versus magnitude of applied magnetic fields being numerically displayed,the critical loads of buckling/snapping, and the influences of plastic deformation and the width of plate on these critical loads,the plastic regions expanding with the magnitude of applied magnetic field,as well as the evolvement of deflection configuration of the plate are numerically obtained in a case study.     

STRUCTURAL DAMAGE MODEL OF UNSATURATED EXPANSIVE SOIL AND ITS APPLICATION IN MULTI-FIELD COUPLE ANALYSIS ON EXPANSIVE SOIL SLOPE

Focused on the sensitivity to climate change and the special mechanical characteristics of undisturbed expansive soil, an elastc-plastic damage constitutive model was proposed based on the mechanics of unsaturated soil and the mechanics of damage. Undisturbed expansive soil was considered as a compound of non-damaged part and damaged part. The behavior of the non-damaged part was described using non-linear constitutive model of unsaturated soil. The property of the damaged part was described using a damage evolution equation and two yield surfaces, i.e., loading yield (LY) and shear yield (SY). Furthermore, a consolidation model for unsaturated undisturbed expansive soil was established and a FEM program named UESEPDC was designed. Numerical analysis on solid-liquid-gas tri-phases and multi-field couple problem was conducted for four stages and fields of stress, displacement, pore water pressure, pore air pressure, water content, suction, and the damage region as well as plastic region in an expansive soil slope were obtained.     

干摩擦条件下聚甲醛塑料动力齿轮传动啮合效率的分析研究与计算

从高分子材料的粘弹性力学模型出发，推导出塑料与钢齿轮副粘滞发热损耗功率的计算公式，并以此为基础，结合塑料材料的弹性模量和滑动摩擦系数的测试数据，考虑温度、弹性模量、摩擦系数及载荷之间复杂的偶合关系，研究并提出了一种在干摩擦条件下塑料与钢齿轮副啮合效率的数值计算方法，运用这种方法，可以方便地获得任意啮合位置的瞬时啮合效率及一个啮合循环中的平均啮合效率，通过对聚甲醛与４５＾＃钢齿轮副的计算发现，在干摩