A method for detecting target echo in reverberation based on fractional Fourier transform

A method for detecting the target echo in reverberation was proposed based on fractional Fourier transform theory when the transmitted signal is linear frequency modulation signal. The slow time-varying envelope of reverberation is computed to process reverberation to be stationary. The stationary reverberation is cut into blocks using a sliding window. A narrow-band filter is applied in FrFT domain for each block and the signal is recovered through inverse FrFT. Output of the system is the energy of the recovered signal. When the target echo is included in one of the blocks, the reverberation noise is reduced, and the output is the energy of the target echo. All the simulation and lake experiment results show that the detection performance of the present method is better than that of the matched filter.     

与双模场依赖强度耦合下多光子通道中原子比特周期量子回声产生和调控

旋波近似条件下,运用全量子理论研究了与双模相干光场依赖强度耦合多光子通道中原子比特周期量子回声的产生和控制,采用数值计算的方法,讨论了双模相干光场平均光子数分布形式、分布范围及原子跃迁时吸收(或发射)的光子数k对原子比特态保真度演化的影响,获得了产生和控制原子比特周期量子回声的系统参量；根据纠缠理论,分析了原子比特态保...     

与双模场依赖强度耦合下多光子通道中原子比 特周期量子回声产生和调控

旋波近似条件下,运用全量子理论研究了与双模相干光场依赖强度耦合多光子通道中原子比特周期量子回声的产生和控制. 采用数值计算的方法,讨论了双模相干光场平均光子数分布形式、分布范围及原子跃迁时吸收(或发射)的光子数k对原子比特态保真度演化的影响,获得了产生和控制原子比特周期量子回声的系统参量;根据纠缠理论,分析了原子比特态保真度演化与原子约化熵演化的关联. 结果表明:在k=1的双光子过程中,调控光场平均光子数呈对称或不对称分布,当它的取值在一定范围内,原子比特保持良好的相干性和保真度,产生周期量子回声; 对于k≥2的多光子过程,原子比特与双模相干光场始终处于最大纠缠,因此导致了原子比特始终处于部分失真状态,不产生周期量子回声. 本研究揭示了周期量子回声产生的物理实质是原子比特与光场周期性退纠缠.     

光子回声量子存储器中非均匀展宽频谱对存储效率的影响

本文提出了一个利用光子回声技术探究非均匀展宽频谱线形(如高斯、洛伦兹分布)对存储效率影响的简捷方法。我们发现当信号光脉冲的持续时间与介质频谱线宽的乘积远大于1时,可将分布函数的傅里叶变换近似成狄拉克函数,使得研究非均匀展宽频谱对存储效率的影响变得非常容易;通过计算发现不同线形分布达到最佳存储效率的光学深度有所不同,频谱线形趋于均匀时达到最优存储效率的存储介质光学深度最小。该研究对实验上实现最优化光量子态存储具有指导意义。     

An approach to the detection of underwater remote target

An approach to the detection of underwater remote target by estimating its backscattering coefficient is presented. The key to this approach is that the echo signal is represented in state-variable model and the back-scattering coefficients of target are contained in dynamic noise of this model, thus underwater target can be detected by estimating this dynamic noise, i.e., deconvolving this model. When all noise statistics are a priori known, an optimum deconvolution algorithm based on the optimum state filter is derived, or else, an adaptive deconvolution algorithm based on the adaptive state filter of alternatively estimating the vector state and the noise statistics is developed. In the final simulation test, an echo signal with SNR equal to -6.1 dB is proceeded using the aforementioned two deconvolution algorithms, respectively, and the results demonstrate good performance of the approach.     

Newtonian Forms for Dilaton Spacetimes in String Theory

We show that the Newtonian forms for the motion of particles in mechanics and for light in geometrical optics can be extend to the Gibbons-Meada and the GarfinMe-Horne dilaton spacetimes in string theory. As an example,we study the bending of the light rays, the perihelion advance of planet, and the radar echo delay in the dilaton spacetimes. The results show that the gravitational effects arising from the dilaton can be observed provided that the dilaton is large enough.     

彩色编码分析超声心动图在心脏病临床中应用价值的初步探讨

近来超声心动图已被证实为临床切实可用的诊断检查技术,它已逐渐成为心脏病诊断的主要根据之一.对某些复杂先天性心脏病及心脏结构异常可与有创检查方法心血管造影术互为补充,对某些病已可用无创方法逐步取代或部分取代有创检查方法.目前,人们期待更高质量和更多性能的超声检查心脏设备,以充分发挥这种以分析图象为根据的技术之潜在能力.提高分辨力是重要的途径.为此,人们改进探头形态、晶体片质量、扫描方式等,以更真实地传输被探查目标的原形,同时也采用先进的信息处理技术改进显示方法.为此,采用了灰阶显示.曾有人试用彩色编码显示M型超声心动图,但未有更深入的资料报告.我们对二维扇扫超声心动图的录象及图片,进行了彩色编码的初步分析,得到初步印象,认为本技术可以提高二维超声心动图,特别是静止心脏显示图象的分辨力,值得进一步研究及临床试用.     

高斯骨架差分进化算法与回声状态网络的结合应用

针对回声状态网络(ESN)对于不同时间序列的学习上无法有效地确定储备池参数的问题,提出一种新型预测模型。利用改进的高斯骨架差分进化算法(DE)来优化回声状态网络。在DE算法中引入了变异策略选择因子,并将选择因子随个体共同参与进化,使每个个体执行当前最适合的变异策略。改善了原始DE算法进化过程中的盲目性,同时选择因子的动态自适应特性保持了骨架算法近似无参数的优点,最后为避免算法早熟加入停滞扰动策略改善算法的寻优性能。为验证模型的有效性,对Mackey-Glass时间序列、赣州月平均气温数据集进行仿真实验。由实验结果可知,该模型可以提高时间序列的预测精度,且具有良好的泛化能力及实际应用价值。     

Decay of Loschmidt Echo at a Critical Point in the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model

An analytical expression of the Loschmidt echo in the Lipkin-Meshkov Gliek model is derived in the thermody- namical limit. It is used in the study of the decaying behaviour of the echo at the critical point of a quantum phase transition of the model It is shown that the echo has a power law decay for relatively long times.     

中华白海豚和东亚窄脊江豚回声定位信号分析与比较

为了增进珍稀齿鲸物种的了解和保护,对中华白海豚(Sousa chinensis)和东亚窄脊江豚(Neophocaena asiaeorientalis sunmeri)的回声定位信号特性进行了分析和比较。通过船只观测与声学监听的方式对厦门海域中华白海豚和东亚窄脊江豚的回声定位信号进行了调查,并对其声学参数进行了统计和对比。结果表明:中华白海豚回声定位信号具有持续时间短、高频、宽频带的特征;相较而言,东亚窄脊江豚则呈现时长较长、高频、窄频带的特点;声学参数统计上,两者在持续时间、中心频率、-10 dB带宽等指标上具有明显的差异性。