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排序方式: 共有5205条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Ding  Qingran  Zhang  Xingyu  Lin  Zheshuai  Xiong  Zheyao  Wang  Yusong  Long  Xifa  Zhao  Sangen  Hong  Maochun  Luo  Junhua 《中国科学:化学(英文版)》2022,65(9):1710-1714
Science China Chemistry - As structural variants of famous hexagonal tungsten bronzes, hexagonal tungsten oxides (HTO) represent an important family with fascinating functional properties, such as...  相似文献   
2.
Adsorptive separation of C2H6 from C2H4 by adsorbents is an energy-efficient and promising method to boost the polymer grades C2H4 production. However, that C2H6 and C2H4 display very similar physical properties, making their separation extremely challenging. In this work, by regulating the pore environment in a family of chitosan-based carbon materials (C-CTS-1, C-CTS-2, C-CTS-4, and C-CTS-6)- we target ultrahigh C2H6 uptake and C2H6/C2H4 separation, which exceeds most benchmark carbon materials. Explicitly, the C2H6 uptake of C-CTS-2 (166 cm3/g at 100 kPa and 298 K) has the second-highest adsorption capacity among all the porous materials. In addition, C-CTS-2 gives C2H6/C2H4 selectivity of 1.75 toward a 1:15 mixture of C2H6/C2H4. Notably, the adsorption enthalpies for C2H6 in C-CTS-2 are low (21.3 kJ/mol), which will facilitate regeneration in mild conditions. Furthermore, C2H6/C2H4 separation performance was confirmed by binary breakthrough experiments. Under different ethane/ethylene ratios, C-CTS-X extracts a low ethane concentration from an ethane/ethylene mixture and produces high-purity C2H4 in one step. Spectroscopic measurement and diffraction analysis provide critical insight into the adsorption/separation mechanism. The nitrogen functional groups on the surface play a vital role in improving C2H6/C2H4 selectivity, and the adsorption capacities depend on the pore size and micropore volume. Moreover, these robust porous materials exhibit outstanding stability (up to 800 °C) and can be easily prepared on a large scale (kg) at a low cost (~$26 per kg), which is very significant for potential industrial applications.  相似文献   
3.
Journal of Nanoparticle Research - Polycrystalline metallic copper nanoparticle samples with the average particle sizes ranging from 53 to 80 nm were controllably prepared by the wet...  相似文献   
4.
通过气辉成像仪对电离层气辉进行探测,能够反映电离层中电子总含量、等离子体泡分布等特性,是有效的电离层探测方式之一。电离层的原子分子在白天吸收太阳辐射激发到较高能态,在夜间以气辉的形式将能量辐射出去,辐射强度与所参与反应的电离层成分密度等密切相关,因此气辉是用来观测电离层很好的示踪物。天基气辉成像方法具有全球范围观测的巨大优势,为了推动天基成像仪的设计研制和参数优化,丰富和扩展电离层探测手段,需要对全球气辉强度进行成像仿真分析。该研究主要工作:(1)分析了电离层夜间630 nm光化反应过程,设计了一种气辉成像仿真分析方法,该方法对630 nm辐射强度进行计算,分别获得了太阳活动高年和低年内四个不同季节的气辉单光谱信号源强度分布,为设定探测指标提供理论依据;(2)开展了630 nm气辉天底成像仿真研究,包括成像链路分析、信噪比分析,并使用一个时间延时积分成像的典型成像仪参数,开展结合卫星运行轨道的扫描成像仿真。本文主要结论:(1)夜间630 nm单光谱气辉强度与日间太阳辐射强度关系密切,太阳活动高年夜半球平均辐射强度为115 Rayleigh,太阳活动低年夜半球平均辐射强度为50 Rayleigh,辐射大小和分布符合卫星载荷GLO-1和国际空间站IMAP任务的实际观测结果;(2)典型参数成像仪天底观测幅宽达到245 km,气辉水平分辨率达到1 km,对强度大于50 Rayleigh气辉成像的信噪比优于10,在太阳活动高年能够清晰观测电离层气辉全球尺度结构,在太阳活动低年能够观测低纬地区电离层气辉结构。该研究结果可为天基电离层气辉成像探测提供理论依据,也可为其他辐射波段的气辉观测和成像仪参数设计优化提供参考。  相似文献   
5.
We propose an efficient scheme to generate a macroscopical quantum superposition state with a cavity optomechanical system, which is composed of a quantum Rabi-Stark model coupling to a mechanical oscillator. In a low-energy subspace of the Rabi-Stark model, the dressed states and then the effective Hamiltonian of the system are given. Due to the coupling of the mechanical oscillator and the atom-cavity system, if the initial state of the atom-cavity system is one of the dressed states, the mechanical oscillator will evolve into a corresponding coherent state. Thus, if the initial state of the atom-cavity system is a superposition of two dressed states, a coherent state superposition of the mechanical oscillator can be generated. The quantum coherence and their distinguishable properties of the two coherent states are exhibited by Wigner distribution. We show that the Stark term can enhance significantly the feasibility and quantum coherence of the generated macroscopic quantum superposition state of the oscillator.  相似文献   
6.
低温冷冻靶是实现惯性约束聚变(inertial confinement fusion,ICF)的关键部件之一.低温靶靶丸内杂质气体的去除程度和效率对低温靶燃料冰层的在线制备具有重要意义.依据低温靶物理对冰层杂质含量的设计要求,在计算靶丸内杂质气体最大允许分压的基础上,建立了靶丸内气体在微米级充气管内流动的抽空流洗模型.模拟研究了不同微管尺度及结构、温度对靶丸内杂质气体抽空流洗效率的影响规律,获得了靶丸充气微管的最佳管型设计方案.基于最佳管型设计,优化得到了具有最高抽空流洗效率的抽空时间与流洗次数组合策略.  相似文献   
7.
Chao Gao  Yujie Xiong 《中国化学》2022,40(1):153-159
Constituting the artificial carbon cycle,for example,through recycling CO2 and converting CH4 to value-added fuels and chemicals with solar energy,offers a sustainable future for humankind to tackle the global environmental issues and energy crisis.However,significant bottlenecks remain in such photocatalytic conversion,mainly related to the reaction activity and product selectivity.Herein,we share our efforts and systematic research progress on addressing the double bottlenecks for achieving solar-driven artificial carbon cycle,with specifically focusing on the photocatalytic CO2 and CH4 conversion.We further elucidate the common fundamentals behind various designed photocatalytic materials systems.Toward future development,we highlight the opportunities and challenges in the research field.  相似文献   
8.
纳米片与空心球上之间的合理界面调控是开发高效太阳能制氢光催化剂的潜在策略。在各类光催化材料中,金属硫化物由于具有相对较窄的带隙和优越的可见光响应能力而被广泛研究。ZnIn2S4是一种层状的三元过渡金属半导体光催化剂,其带隙可控(约2.4 eV)。在众多金属硫化物光催化剂中,ZnIn2S4引起了广泛兴趣。然而,单纯的ZnIn2S4光催化活性仍然相对较差,主要是因为光生载流子的复合率较高、迁移速率较慢。在半导体光催化剂上负载助催化剂是提升光催化剂性能的一种有效方法,因为它不仅可以加速光生电子和空穴的分离,而且还可以降低质子还原反应的活化能。作为一种三元过渡金属硫化物,NiCo2S4表现出较高的导电性、较低的电负性、丰富的氧化还原特性以及优越的电催化活性。这些特性表明,NiCo2S4可以作为光催化制氢的助催化剂,以加速电荷分离和转移。此外,NiCo2S4和ZnIn2S4都属于三元尖晶石的晶体结构,这可能有助于构建具有紧密界面接触的NiCo2S4/ZnIn2S4复合物,从而提高光催化性能。本文中,将超薄ZnIn2S4纳米片原位生长到非贵金属助催化剂NiCo2S4空心球上,形成具有强耦合界面和可见光吸收的NiCo2S4@ZnIn2S4分级空心异质结构光催化剂。最优NiCo2S4@ZnIn2S4复合样品(NiCo2S4含量:ca. 3.1%)的析氢速率高达78 μmol·h-1,约是纳米片组装ZnIn2S4光催化剂析氢速率的9倍、约是1% (w, 质量分数)Pt/ZnIn2S4样品析氢速率的3倍。此外,该复合光催化剂在反应中表现出良好的稳定性。荧光和电化学测试结果表明,NiCo2S4空心球是一种有效的助催化剂,可促进光生载流子的分离和传输,并降低析氢反应的活化能。最后,提出了NiCo2S4@ZnIn2S4光催化析氢的可能反应机理。在NiCo2S4@ZnIn2S4复合光催化剂中,具有高导电性的NiCo2S4助催化剂可快速接受ZnIn2S4上的光生电子,用以还原质子生成氢气,而电子牺牲剂TEOA捕获光生空穴,进而完成光催化氧化还原循环。该研究有望为基于纳米片为次级结构的分级空心异质结光催化剂的设计合成及其光催化制氢研究提供一定的指导。  相似文献   
9.
An electro-oxidative cyclization pathway in which hydrazones are selected as starting materials to generate amphiphiles by reacting with benzylamines and benzamides was reported. This strategy successfully prepared a series of 1,2,4-triazoles in satisfactory yields. Moreover, the use of cheap stainless steel as the anode, the feasibility to conduct the transformation as a one-pot reaction and the proof that scaling-up these reactions is possible make this transformation attractive for potential application in industry.  相似文献   
10.

Highly crosslinked organic–inorganic hybrid polymer poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-melamine) microspheres (PZM) were synthesized by a simple method. The microspheres was characterized by FTIR, SEM and EDX. It was applied to eliminate thorium(IV) from aqueous solution under various conditions, i.e., pH, initial concentration, dosage and contact time. The experimental data were well-imitated via the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and its adsorption processes comply with the Langmuir isotherm model. Adsorption thermodynamic studies demonstrated that the adsorption process, in essence, was spontaneous and endothermic. Furthermore, the maximum experimental adsorption capacity was 98.6 mg g?1 for initial thorium(IV) concentration 50 mg L?1. When pH?=?0.0, the thorium(IV) removal efficiency reached at 76.9%, which indicates that the adsorbent can also was used in a peracid environment. Adsorption behavior of thorium(IV) onto the microspheres were weakly affected via temperature, implying that adsorption would be done at room temperature.

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