Modeling the interaction of solitary waves and semi-circular breakwaters by using unsteady reynolds equations

A vertical 2 -D numerical wave model was developed based on unsteady Reynolds equations. In this model, the k-epsilon models were used to close the Reynolds equations, and volume of fluid( VOF) method was used to reconstruct the free surface. The model was verified by experimental data. Then the model was used to simulate solitary wave interaction with submerged, alternative submerged and emerged semi-circular breakwaters. The process of velocity field, pressure field and the wave surface near the breakwaters was obtained. It is found that when the semi-circular breakwater is submerged, a large vortex will be generated at the bottom of the lee side wall of the breakwater ; when the still water depth is equal to the radius of the semi-circular breakwater, a pair of large vortices will be generated near the shoreward wall of the semi-circular breakwater due to wave impacting, but the velocity near the bottom of the lee side wall of the breakwater is always relatively small. When the semi-circular breakwater is emerged, and solitary wave cannot overtop it, the solitary wave surface will run up and down secondarily during reflecting from the breakwater. It can be further used to estate the diffusing and transportation of the contamination and transportation of suspended sediment.     

大型海湾水交换计算中随机游动方法的应用研究

水交换矩阵是反映大型海湾不同子区域之间水交换关系的有效工具,该文对随机游动方法在水交换矩阵计算中的应用进行了研究.通过与对流扩散模型的对比,指出用随机游动方法计算水交换矩阵比用对流扩散方程求解更快更灵活.同时,为了对不同区域之间的水交换特性进行长期快速预测,采用了Thompson提出的预测矩阵方法.通过理论分析得出,影响该矩阵预测效果的因素主要有:粒子数目、分区数和预测矩阵取值时间.以一个矩形海湾为例,将数值模拟结果和预测矩阵预测结果进行对比,分析了以上各因素对预测效果的影响.结果表明,粒子数目越多,预测矩阵取值时间越长,预测矩阵的预测效果越好.在粒子数目足够多的情形下,分区数越多,预测效果越好.相反,粒子数目如果较少,过多的分区数将可能导致预测矩阵效果太差而不可用.     

Study on application of random walk method to calculate water exchange in large-scale bay

The water exchange matrix is an efficient tool to study the water exchange among the sub-areas in large-scale bays. The application of the random walk method to calculate the water exchange matrix is studied. Compared with the advection-diffusion model, the random walk model is more flexible to calculate the water exchange matrix. The forecast matrix suggested by Thompson et al. is used to evaluate the water exchange characteristics among the sub-areas fast. According to the theoretic analysis, it is found that the precision of the predicted results is mainly affected by three factors, namely, the particle number, the generated time of the forecast matrix, and the number of the sub-areas. The impact of the above factors is analyzed based on the results of a series of numerical tests. The results show that the precision of the forecast matrix increases with the increase of the generated time of the forecast matrix and the number of the particles. If there are enough particles in each sub-area, the precision of the forecast matrix will increase with the number of the sub-areas. Moreover, if the particles in each sub-area are not enough, the excessive number of the sub-areas can result in the decrease of the precision of the forecast matrix.     

基于最佳摄动量法反演浅水海湾水质模型的综合扩散系数

作为浅水海湾水质模型基本参数的综合扩散系数,常通过试算来率定,耗时、经验性强.该文应用渤海湾化学需氧量(COD)的部分监测资料,对污染物的综合扩散系数进行了反演.由于问题的非线性,结合正则化方法对求解过程的不适定性进行处理,应用算子识别摄动法进行求解.利用反演得到的综合扩散系数对渤海湾化学需氧量(COD)、无机氮(IN)、无机磷(IP)的分布进一步模拟,并与监测数据进行对比,结果表明反演的综合扩散系数是合理的.该方法还可用于反演水质模型中的其他参数.     

用Level Set方法求解具有自由面的流动问题

为采用Ｌｅｖｅｌ Ｓｅｔ方法来计算有自由的流动问题提出了一种方案,把自由水面视为水和空气的交界面,两种介质用统一的Ｎ－Ｓ方法求解,在自由面两侧分别采用各自的密度和粘性,并在自由面上给以适当的光滑;采用边界元法求解双调和方程来确定距离函数;Ｎ－Ｓ方程用投影法求解,文中给出了二维水池水面振荡和瞬时溃坝问题的算例,可以看出用ＬｅｖｅｌＳｅｔ方法求解有自由面流动问题是有效的。     

基于音节韵律特征分类的汉语语音合成中韵律模型的研究

论述了采用基于统计模型进行韵律建模的思路。在此基础上,提出了基于音节韵律特征分类的韵律建模思路,并采用韵律模板和韵律代价函数实现了韵律的自动预测。对该模型的自动训练算法进行了详细的阐述。根据统计的韵律建模方法,还分析了韵律特征间相互关联对音节韵律模板选取的影响。最后,进一步分析了统计韵律模型的进行韵律预测的误差分布情况,表明了该模型能够使语音合成系统具有较高自然度和高灵活性的特性。     

水动力学问题的弱可压缩模型求解方法研究

从弱可压缩水动力学方程出发，采用坐标变换的方法处理自由表面，建立了能够模拟有自由表面流动问题的定常、非定常的三维水动力学模型和对流扩散模型，模型采用浮湍流模型进行封闭，并对模型求解的数值方法进行了研究。     

用Level Set算法模拟孤立波与前台阶的相互作用

进上步研究了Ｌｅｖｅｌ Ｓｅｔ方法的数学基础,研究了求解有自由水面水动力学问题的具体方法,并在此基础上,对孤立波与前台阶相互作用这一问题进行了及研究,取得了与实验结果相符合的计算结果。     

Inversion of dispersion coefficient in water quality model using optimal perturbation algorithm

As a primary parameter in the water quality model for shallow bays, the dispersion coefficient is traditionally determined with a trial-and-error method, which is time-consuming and requires much experience. In this paper, based on the measured data of chemical oxygen demand （COD）, the dispersion coefficient is calculated using an inversion method. In the process, the regularization method is applied to treat the ill-posedness, and an operator identity perturbation method is used to obtain the solu- tion. Using the model with an inverted dispersion coefficient, the distributions of COD, inorganic nitrogen （IN）, and inorganic phosphorus （IP） in Bohai Bay are predicted and compared with the measured data. The results indicate that the method is feasible and the inverted dispersion coefficient can be used to predict other pollutant distribution. This method may also be further extended to the inversion of other parameters in the water quality model.     

A Boussinesq model with alleviated nonlinearity and dispersion

The classical Boussinesq equation is a weakly nonlinear and weakly dispersive equation, which has been widely applied to simulate wave propagation in off-coast shallow waters. A new form of the Boussinesq model for an uneven bottoms is derived in this paper. In the new model, nonlinearity is reduced without increasing the order of the highest derivative in the differential equations. Dispersion relationship of the model is improved to the order of Pade （2,2） by adjusting a parameter in the model based on the long wave approximation. Analysis of the linear dispersion, linear shoaling and nonlinearity of the present model shows that the performances in terms of nonlinearity, dispersion and shoaling of this model are improved. Numerical results obtained with the present model are in agreement with experimental data.