聚焦超声源对生物媒质加热的理论研究

用差分法求解生物热传导方程,研究了凹球面聚焦超声换能器用于热疗时在人体组织内产生的稳态温度场.引入热焦距及等温线,分析了换能器参数、生物组织特性参数对有效治疗区的影响,并对声场和温度场特征进行了比较 关键词： 聚焦超声 热疗 生物组织 温度场     

声流现象的研究及其应用

本文从声流产生的机理出发，综合了影响声流的诸因素，介绍了声流现象的检测方法及声流效应的应用。     

用声传递函数确定骨组织的特性

用双加速度计在体和离体测试了骨组织的声传递函数。结果表明:骨组织具有声低通滤波特性,且可产生多种振动模式。声传递函数的特征因人而有较大差异,但同一对象左右两肢的测试结果可以对照。声传递函数的主频能很好地反映骨的缺陷大小,可用于诊断骨病和估计骨折愈合程度。     

Graphene Tamm plasmon-induced giant Goos–H?nchen shift at terahertz frequencies

In this Letter, we have shown that a giant Goos–H?nchen shift of a light beam reflected at terahertz frequencies can be achieved by using a composite structure, where monolayer graphene is coated on one-dimensional photonic crystals separated by a dielectric slab. This giant Goos–H?nchen shift originates from the enhancement of the electrical field, owing to the excitation of optical Tamm states at the interface between the graphene and onedimensional photonic crystal. It is shown that the Goos–H?nchen shift in this structure can be significantly enlarged negatively and can be switched from negative to positive due to the tunability of graphene's conductivity. Moreover, the Goos–H?nchen shift of the proposed structure is sensitive to the relaxation time of graphene and the thickness of the top layer, making this structure a good candidate for a dynamic tunable optical shift device in the terahertz regime.     

Identification of denatured and normal biological tissues based on compressed sensing and refined composite multi-scale fuzzy entropy during high intensity focused ultrasound treatment

In high intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)treatment,it is crucial to accurately identify denatured and normal biological tissues.In this paper,a novel method based on compressed sensing(CS)and refined composite multi-scale fuzzy entropy(RCMFE)is proposed.First,CS is used to denoise the HIFU echo signals.Then the multi-scale fuzzy entropy(MFE)and RCMFE of the denoised HIFU echo signals are calculated.This study analyzed 90 cases of HIFU echo signals,including 45 cases in normal status and 45 cases in denatured status,and the results show that although both MFE and RCMFE can be used to identify denatured tissues,the intra-class distance of RCMFE on each scale factor is smaller than MFE,and the inter-class distance is larger than MFE.Compared with MFE,RCMFE can calculate the complexity of the signal more accurately and improve the stability,compactness,and separability.When RCMFE is selected as the characteristic parameter,the RCMFE difference between denatured and normal biological tissues is more evident than that of MFE,which helps doctors evaluate the treatment effect more accurately.When the scale factor is selected as 16,the best distinguishing effect can be obtained.     

一种强指向性基阵的设计及声场计算

提出了一种新的基阵:将90个小圆环分布于半径不同的5个同心圆周上,对每个小圆环采用了抛物型的振速加权。通过改变阵元尺寸、间距等参数研究了声场特征的变化。计算结果表明,该基阵模型具有非常高的指向性和抑制旁瓣的能力。通过优化阵元组合方式和参数,可获得最佳的声压分布效果。     

热疗用环形平面换能器声场特性的研究

引入负声源，导出了环形平面换能器声场的简洁表示式，计算了单个圆环、多个同心圆环同时激励及环阵相控聚焦声源产生的声场，分析了环的宽度、环数及聚焦点位置等因素对声场特征的影响。提出根据各阵元在声场中某点产生的声压的相位来确定各阵元电激励信号的延时，此方法较根据各阵元到该点的平均声程确定各阵元电激励信号的延时，能更难确地在该点实现聚焦。     

Photoacoustic Tomography of Biological Sample Using Phase-controlled Focus Algorithm

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超声相控阵在多层媒质中的声场模式优化

针对超声在多层媒质中的传播特性,引入相位补偿因子并结合遗传算法, 提出了一种可对多层媒质进行声聚焦控制的方法.利用该方法对16×16二维超声相控阵在多层生物媒质中的多焦点声场模式进行了仿真,计算了生物媒质不同厚度层和不同吸收系数时的声场. 结果表明:该方法能优化多焦点声场模式,抑制旁瓣,提高声场增益,将声强最大限度地聚焦在目标区域内; 改变生物组织不同层的厚度和不同层的吸收系数,焦点位置不发生变化,但焦域内的声强会有所变化.     

高强度聚焦超声用于肿瘤治疗的研究

高强度聚焦超声（ＨＩＦＵ）能在短时间内使病变组织的温度升至７０℃以上,导致病变组织凝固坏死,是一种具有巨大潜力的、非侵入的、有效的肿瘤治疗手段。本文对ＨＩＦＵ的动物试验、临床应用及治疗装置的研究情况进行了总结,分析了该技术尚存在的问题,最后展望了其应用前景。