液电冲击波在液固介质中的传播观测*

冲击波是一种高速瞬态的强烈非线性波动现象,在流体力学和材料力学、国防军工等领域有重要的学术意义和应用价值。冲击波在液体和固体介质中的清晰观测比较困难,但这种研究又不可或缺。该文采用高压电火花放电技术在水中产生厘米级的球形空泡,空泡膨胀后接着收缩崩塌,在极短时间和极小空间内释放出的能量在水中产生冲击波。结合纹影法和动态光弹法,使用高速摄像机和脉冲激光器组成的纹影-动态光弹法冲击波观测系统,可实现冲击波在液固介质中传播过程的高分辨率观测,为进一步研究冲击波的相关理论和应用技术提供了一种实验手段。     

上德若谷 声超穹宇——在纪念应崇福院士诞辰100周年学术交流大会上的讲话

正2018年6月15日,中国声学学会与中科院声学所邀请来自全国的知名专家学者,在中国科学院学术会堂举行隆重的学术交流大会,纪念我国已故著名物理学家、超声学研究奠基者、中国声学学会首任理事长、中科院声学所创建者之一——应崇福院士百年诞辰。我代表中国声学学会与中科院声学所对诸位学者参加大会表示衷心感谢,对所有参会者表示热烈欢迎。应崇福院士毕生致力于超声学研究事业。他不     

Determination of Thickness of an Inaccessible Thin Film under a Multilayered System from Natural Frequencies

We investigate the relationship between natural frequencies of a multilayered system of different elastic materials and the thickness of the undermost thin film. The natural frequencies are numerically calculated from the reflection coefficient of a sample system of ＂steel-epoxy resin-aluminium-thin polymer＂ with normal incidence. Strain energy ratio is defined and calculated to give the physics explanation why some frequencies are sensitive to thickness of the thin film in certain range. Experiments of three specimens indicate that the measured natural frequencies agree well with the theoretical ones. It is found in our experiments that the ratio of the lowest film thickness to wavelength is about 1/5. The average relative errors for the inverted polymer film thicknesses are found to be 11.8%, -4.8% and -1.3%, respectively.     

Decomposition of the Two Lowest Lamb modes in a Bonded Plate

Based on the expression of the dispersion equation of Lame waves in an adhesive two-layered plate pressented in our proevious paper [Chin,Phys,Lett,18(2001)1483],the two lowest Lamb modes,the symmetric mode S0 and the antisymmetric mode A0 are successfully decomposed in the low-frequency regime,Relations between the rigidity of the bond and the velocity of the two Lamb modes are found,which lay a foundation for the estimation of the bond rigidity of the adhesive plate.The influence of the variations of the bond rigidity in terms of the stiffness constants KN and KT of the spring model on the velocity of the two Lamb modes in discussed and numerically evaluated.numerical results indicate that the deterioration of the bond rigidity causes the phase velocity decrease for Lamb modes of the two lowest order,thus having a possibility for the evaluation of the bonding state of the adhesive plate by using ultrasonic wave velocity measurement.     

电磁超声界面回波瞬时图谱分析与神经网络识别

针对钢板背后多层橡胶粘接结构,选择较佳实验频率值作为电磁声换能器的激励源频率。提取了检测回波的瞬时振幅、瞬时相位和瞬时频率三种瞬时参数,将瞬时参数构成三维瞬时图谱定性识别不同粘接状态。将敏感时间窗内的平均瞬时参数组成特征向量,利用BP神经网络进行识别,对训练集与测试集的识别结果表明,该方法可以实现电磁超声界面回波的自动识别与分类,识别正确率不低于95%。     

Thickness Determination for a Two-Layered Composite of a Film and a Plate by Low-Frequency Ultrasound

We present an ultrasonic method for determining the thickness of a composite consisting of a soft thin film attached to a hard plate substrate, by resonance spectra in the low frequency region, The interrogating waves can be incident only to the two-layered composite from the substrate side. The reflection spectra are obtained by FFT analysis of the compressive pulsed echoes from the composite, and the thicknesses of the film and the substrate are simultaneously inversed by the simulated annealing method from the resonant frequencies knowing other acoustical parameters in prior. The sensitivity of the method to individual thickness, its convergence and stability against experimental noises are studied, Experiment with interrogating wavelength 4 times larger than the film thickness in a sample of a polymer film （0.054mm） on an aluminium plate （6.24mm） verifies the validity of the method. The average relative errors in the measurement of the thicknesses of the film and the substrate are found to be -4.1% and -0.62%, respectively.     

传承科学办刊理念 传播科技创新火种

峥嵘岁月,往事如烟。《应用声学》从创刊至今30春秋,经历坎坷,但功绩有目共睹。《应用声学》是由中国科学院主管、中国科学院声学所主办,在我国声学界颇有影响的重要刊物之一。30年来,《应用声学》始终坚持办刊宗旨,在相关领域的综述与评论、研究报告、研究简报、综合报道、经验交流、知识介绍等方面都做出了重要贡献,已成为我国中文核心期刊,也为我国广大声学科技工作者所喜爱。     

固体板背覆薄层特性的低频超声反演方法研究

研究了应用低频超声的反射频谱对固体板厚度及背覆薄层的各特征参数(包括厚度、声速、密度、衰减、声阻抗率、声时)进行反演的方法.从灵敏度函数、目标函数及误差传递方程的角度,对应用反射频谱的谐振频率或幅度谱反演模型系统的单参数和双参数的方法进行了分析讨论.实验使用中心频率为7MHz的探头检测铝板/聚合物薄层样品,在同样的条件下,谐振频率法和幅度谱法反演的单参数反演效果相当,谐振频率方法的双参数反演效果优于幅度谱方法,前者薄层声阻抗率和声时同时反演的平均误差为3.4%和4.7%,而后者没有得到结果.     

表面局部开裂圆柱夹塞物对SH型导波的散射

建立了平板波导中表面局部开裂圆柱夹塞物对SH型导波散射问题的解.用两个垂直于波导表面的虚拟平面将波导分割为3个区域.在包含夹塞物的中间区域,将波场展开为柱面波模式和Chebyshev多项式的叠加;在不含夹塞物的其余两个区域,将波场展开为导波模式的叠加.根据波导表面上应力自由的边界条件及虚拟平面上应力和位移连续的边界条件得到了待求解问题的基础方程组.利用模式匹配技术构造数值计算所需的矩阵方程,从而得到反射及透射系数随圆柱体归一化半径和脱黏区域大小变化的关系曲线.对圆柱表面完好黏结和脱黏区段不同大小的情况作了对比,对结果作了讨论.     

《声学学报》创刊50周年寄语——义不容辞的责任

<正>50年前,我们的声学先辈们以高度的使命感和责任感创办了《声学学报》,她面向国家战略需求和世界声学科技前沿,以基础研究为先导,以应用研究为驱动力和落脚点,展现了中国声学事业蓬勃发展的巨幅画卷,成为许多声学大师成长练艺的大舞台。《声学学报》与中国科学院声学研究所同龄,办好《声学