Ultraviolet Luminescence in Mg0.12Zn0.88O Alloy Films

We investigate the origin of ultraviolet （UV） emission from Mg0.12 Zn0.88 O alloy thin films with a wurtzite structure fabricated on c-plane Al2O3 substrates by plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy. At room temperature, the absorption edge and UV emission band of the Mg0.12Zn0.88O film shift to high-energy side compared with ZnO films. Temperature dependence of the photoluminescence spectra shows that the UV emission is composed of free exciton and neutral donor bound exciton emissions. Two-step dissociation processes of the UV emission are observed with the increasing temperature. The thermal quenching mechanism is attributed to the dissociation of the free exciton from the neutral donor bound exciton in the low temperature region and the dissociation of free electron and hole from the free exciton in the high temperature region.     

煤的灰熔聚气化灰渣中碳的分布

煤的灰熔聚气化法是一种高效制造煤气的工艺,其特点在于可以使用粉状和粒状原料,产品气中无焦油和酚类,灰渣中碳含量较固定床气化为低。但灰渣仍含有一定量的碳,为提高碳的利用率以及考虑灰渣的利用,都应进一步降低灰渣中的碳含量。本文通过研究灰渣的粒度、各粒级灰渣中碳的分布、以及大粒级灰渣中内外层碳的分布和灰渣中碳的可燃性,探讨了进一步降低灰渣中碳含量的可能途径。     

煤中砷,铅,铍,铬等元素的存在状态

煤是由有机物和无机物组成的混合物。无机物按其在煤中的浓度大小可分为三类:(1)常量元素,在煤中浓度大于0.5%,如Si,Al,Fe,Ca等。(2)次要元素,约占煤的0.02%—.5%,包括K,Mg,Na,Ti,有时还有P,Ba等。(3)微量元素,在煤中浓度<0.02%,这类元素目前已测出60种左右。60年代以来,基于能源需求的增加,国内外煤炭消耗量都很大,考虑到有害的微量元素对环境的污染,国外进行了大量的煤     

基于反相有机整体柱的新型蛋白质酶反应器

以牛血清白蛋白(BSA)为标准样品,以鉴定的独立肽段数目、蛋白质鉴定覆盖率和漏切率为考察指标,通过考察酶解缓冲液、反相柱基质的多孔结构、酶解反应时间和整体柱的疏水性对反相蛋白质酶反应器酶解效率的影响,构建了一个基于反相有机整体柱的新型酶反应器,此反应器具有制备简单、通透性好、酶解时间短和蛋白质鉴定覆盖率高等特点。     

基于Ti3C2-MXene的太阳能界面水汽转换

水资源匮乏是现代化发展中面临的全球性问题,太阳能界面水汽转换(Interfacial Solar Steam Generation, ISSG)是一种高效、绿色、低成本进行海水淡化和废水处理的方法。ISSG使用绿色的太阳能作为热源,通过光热转换并将热限制在水气界面上以高效产生蒸气,然后经过冷凝收集获得清洁水。设计和构筑具有强光吸收的光热转换材料是ISSG的技术核心。Ti₃C₂-MXene是一种新型二维碳化钛材料,具有比表面积大、水分散性好和光热转换效率高等优点,在ISSG领域具有巨大的应用潜力。本文介绍了ISSG技术和MXene,总结了光热转换材料的设计原则,论述了Ti₃C₂-MXene复合材料在ISSG领域的研究进展,其中包括二维MXene薄膜、三维MXene气凝胶和水凝胶、生物基-MXene复合材料的构筑和性能等,并分析了Ti₃C₂-MXene所面临的挑战和发展前景。     

中空多壳层结构在电磁波领域中的应用

中空多壳层结构(HoMSs)是一种以纳米颗粒为结构单元构筑而成的具有多界面、 多维度的微纳米级宏观组装体, 具有次序排列的多个壳层及相互连通的多个空腔, 被认为是电磁波领域极具应用前景的功能材料. 本文主要从电磁波捕获、 传输及能量转换3个角度详细阐述HoMSs在电磁波领域应用中的独特优势, 浅析了HoMSs壳层数目、 壳层厚度、 壳层间距、 壳层组成等结构参数对电磁波传输与利用的影响规律, 并预测了HoMSs在电磁波领域的发展趋势, 以期为实现电磁波的高效利用提供参考.     

Improved efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells with molecular ameliorating of ZnO nanorod/perovskite interface and Mg-doping ZnO

Despite the advanced efficiency of perovskite solar cells(PSCs),electron transportation is still a pending issue.Here the polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)is used to enhance the electron injection,which is thanks to the passivation of the defects at the interface between the ZnO electron transporting layer(ETL)and the perovskite.The application of the PVP layer inhibits the device degradation,and 80%of the primary efficiency is kept after 30 d storage in air condition.Additionally,the efficiency of the device is further enhanced by improving the conductivity and crystallinity of the ZnO ETL via Magnesium(Mg)doping in the ZnO nanorods(ZnO NRs).Moreover,the preparation parameters of the ZnO NRs are optimized.By employing the high-crystallinity ZnO ETL and the PVP layer,the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of the champion device is increased from 16.29%to 19.63%.These results demonstrate the advantages of combining mesoscale manipulation with interface modification and doping together.     

Lifetimes of Excited Levels in ^131Ce

The fusion-evaporation reaction ^116Sn (^19F, p3n)^131 Ce at projectile energy of 95 MeV is used to populate high spin states in ^131Ce. The de-exciting γ-rays are detected in γ-γ coincidence measurement with Compton-suppressed BGO-HPGe detectors. Level lifetimes of ^131 Ce were determined by using the Doppler shift attenuation method.The experimental results indicate that collectivity of ^131 Ce is reduced relative to that of ^130Ce and it follows that deformation decreases with increase of the neutron number on the basis of systematic comparison of transition quadrupole moments for the light cerium isotopes.     

20倍双组联动变焦距光学系统设计

针对双组联动变焦距系统结构复杂的特点,对其设计过程进行了梳理。在此基础上编制了可视化辅助设计软件,该软件具有高斯解计算、变倍补偿曲线绘制、像差与外形尺寸分析、相对孔径图输出等功能。使用该软件可以方便地完成双组联动变焦系统高斯解的合理选择,并给出各组元承担相对孔径及其变化情况,辅助进行初始结构的确定。利用该辅助设计软件,对一套焦距25~500 mm的20倍可见光波段双组联动连续变焦距系统进行了初始结构设计,并通过整体优化使系统像差得到校正。设计结果系统光学总长478 mm,各焦距位置在50 lp/mm处轴上视场调制传递函数(MTF)大于0.6,边缘视场MTF大于0.4,各项指标满足系统要求。     

[Co(NH3)6]2+催化乙炔氧化缩聚合成β型线型碳

在T=35℃的条件下,以盐酸为酸化剂、[Co(NH3)6]2+为催化剂,催化乙炔氧化缩聚合成了β型线型碳.通过红外光谱、拉曼光谱和x-衍射对产物进行了结构表征.pH=6,六水氯化钴(Ⅱ)用量为0.4g时,β型线型碳的产率为61.18%,其中Co(Ⅱ)的含量为1.72%.TG和DTA分析结果表明:在227.4℃时,β型线...