流体通过涡激振动机翼的声辐射研究

为了有效地降低涡激噪声,研究了粘性流体通过涡激振动机翼的声辐射。采用Navier-Stokes方程描述二维机翼的流固耦合运动,用弹簧系统代替实际固体变形产生的回复力和力矩,翼型的运动是两个自由度,即垂直于来流的振荡和转动振荡;为了模拟涡激振动,机翼的初始攻角取得比较大,以便产生周期性的旋涡脱落及周期性的流体动力,后者与弹簧系统相耦合,引起振动,用Lighthill声比拟方法研究了由此引起的声辐射。计算结果表明:当涡脱频率和机翼的固有的振动频率一致时,发生锁定的现象,此时的声辐射达到最大。     

不可溶混合液体的非线性声参量

本文设不可溶流体的混合液的总体积为各组份体积之和,直接求导并计及各组份体积比随压力的变化,得到混合液等效非线性声参量(B/A)_ef与各组份体积比xi,它们的(B/A);及绝热压缩系数β_i的关系,并作了实验验证,实验与理论符合较好。     

Estimation of temperature elevation generated by ultrasonic irradiation in biological tissues using the thermal wave method

In most previous models,simulation of the temperature generation in tissue is based on the Pennes bio-heat transfer equation,which implies an instantaneous thermal energy deposition in the medium.Due to the long thermal relaxation time τ(20 s-30 s) in biological tissues,the actual temperature elevation during clinical treatments could be different from the value predicted by the Pennes bioheat equation.The thermal wave model of bio-heat transfer(TWMBT) defines a thermal relaxation time to describe the tissue heating from ultrasound exposure.In this paper,COMSOL Multiphysics 3.5a,a finite element method software package,is used to simulate the temperature response in tissues based on Pennes and TWMBT equations.We further discuss different factors in the bio-heat transfer model on the influence of the temperature rising and it is found that the temperature response in tissue under ultrasound exposure is a rising process with a declining rate.The thermal relaxation time inhibits the temperature elevation at the beginning of ultrasonic heating.Besides,thermal relaxation in TWMBT leads to lower temperature estimation than that based on Pennes equation during the same period of time.The blood flow carrying heat dominates most to the decline of temperature rising rate and the influence increases with temperature rising.On the contrary,heat diffusion,which can be described by thermal conductivity,has little effect on the temperature rising.     

利用复合换能器测量反射的二次谐波及介质的非线性参量

计算了有限振幅声波在层状媒质中的传播和反射,研究了用二次谐波反射模式的非线性声参量测量方法,设计制作了用于反射法测量非线性声参量的复合结构超声换能器,利用该换能器及有限振幅插入取代法建立了脉冲反射式测量非线性声参量Ｂ／Ａ的实验系统,对若干流体和生物样品进行了非线性声参量的测量,其结果与现有文献上的值吻合的很好。     

2005年津、鲁、浙、苏声学学术会议暨全国物理声学学术会议在南京召开

2005年津、鲁、浙、苏三省一市声学学术会议暨全国物理声学学术会议于2005年10月22日至24日在南京市南京大学召开，由江苏省声学学会和南京大学声学研究所承办。应邀参加会议的有南京大学党委副书记、校长助理张荣教授、中国声学学会秘书长宗健教授、中国科学院院士张淑仪教授、会议承办单位的有关领导以及与会代表等共70余人。会议得到三省一市及全国各地声学工作者的热烈响应，积极投稿，共收到论文摘要90余篇，接受论文70篇，其中有57篇论文在会议上进行了宣读。     

离体猪淋巴结组织的高频成像研究

用C扫的超声显微镜系统对猪的淋巴结组织进行了研究,得到了猪的正常淋巴结和出血性淋巴结组织的高频超声图像和声参量值,结果表明:高频超声图像能反映组织结构的变化;猪的出血性淋巴结组织的声散射系数比正常淋巴结组织的小,且随频率的变化而变化,背向散射技术是在高频段进行组织定征的有效手段。     

Analysis and Correction of Diffraction Effect on the B／A Measurement at High Frequencies

A numerical method is developed to analyse and to correct the diffraction effect in the measurement of acoustic nonlinearity parameter B/A at high frequencies. By using the KZK nonlinear equation and the superposition approach of Gaussian beams, an analytical model is derived to describe the second harmonic generation through multi-layer medium SiO2/liquid specimen/SiO2. Frequency dependence of the nonlinear characterization curve for water in 110-155 MHz is numerically and experimentally investigated. With the measured dip position and the new modal, values of B/A for water are evaluated. The results show that the present method can effectively correct the diffraction effect in the measurement.     

压电薄膜超声换能器的特性研究

从ＫＬＭ机电耦合等效电路出发,同时考虑机械损耗和介电损耗的影响,分析和研究了压电薄膜材料和背村材料对换能器输入功率损耗及输出波形的影响．在此基础上,设计和制作了ＰＶＤＦ高频超声聚焦换能器,理论和实验结果进行了对比．     

Acoustic radiation force induced by two Airy-Gaussian beams on a cylindrical particle

Based on the angular spectrum decomposition and partial-wave series expansion methods, we investigate the radiation force functions of two Airy-Gaussian(AiG) beams on a cylindrical particle and the motion trajectory of the particle. The simulations show that the particle can be pulled or propelled into either the positive or negative transverse direction by turning the phase difference between the two AiG beams appropriately; and the larger the beam widths of the two AiG beams are, the bigger the radiation force can be obtained to control the particle. In addition, the direction of the accelerated particle can be controlled while the dimensionless frequency bandwidth changes. The results indicate that the phase plays an important role in controlling the direction of the particle, which may provide a theoretical basis for the design of acoustical tweezers and the development of drug delivery.