CHARACTERIZATIONS AND RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN OUTDOOR AND INDOOR BIOAEROSOLS IN AN OFFICE BUILDING

1.IntroductionBioaerosolsaremicroorganismsorparticles,gases,vapors,orfragmentsofbiologicalorigin(i.e.,aliveorreleasedfromalivingorganism)thatexistintheair.Bioaerosolsareeverywhereintheenvironment.Underfavorableconditions,bioaerosolsareabletogrowandpropagateonavarietyofbuildingmaterialsandindoorsurfaces,causingindoorairpollution.Therefore,owingtotheirubiquitouspresenceinnature,bioaerosolsasapollutionsourcearealmostinevitableinarangeofenclosedenvironmentsandincommunityair(Kodama&McGee,1986;Lig…     

THERMODYNAMIC AND PARTICLE-DYNAMIC STUDIES ON SYNTHESIS OF SILICA NANOPARTICLES USING MICROWAVE-INDUCED PLASMA CVD

1. Introduction1.1 Silica nanoparticles and synthesis methods Silica (SiO2) nanoparticles are widely used in industry asan active filler for polymer reinforcement, a rheologicaladditive in fluids, a free flow agent in powders, and anagent for chemical mechanical polishing during IC (inte-grated circuit) fabrication (Sniegowski & de Boer, 2000).Silica powder is also used for producing silicon carbide(Koc & Cattamanchi, 1998) or opaque silica aerosols (Leeet al., 1995). Many methods can …     

OFDMA中继系统中基于QoS保证的资源分配算法

研究了 OFDMA 中继下行链路通信系统中的动态资源分配问题,提出了一种可以保证用户最低 QoS 需求的资源分配算法.首先在简化资源优化问题的过程中,采用等功率分配方法以降低算法复杂度,然后通过拉格朗日松弛优化方法推导出了子载波分配和中继选择最优解,并在此基础上引入用户速率权衡因子,根据速率权衡因子越大的用户,越具有选择子载波和中继的优先权这一准则进行子载波分配和中继选择.仿真结果表明:新算法能够获得较高的系统容量,同时也能很好地保证不同用户的最低速率需求.     

卷烟辅材参数与有害成分释放量的多元模型的建立、传递和验证

研究了卷烟辅材参数与有害成分释放量的关系。这些有害成分包括焦油、烟碱、CO、HCN、苯并[a]芘(B[a]P)、4-(甲基亚硝胺基)-1-(3-吡啶基)-1-丁酮(NNK)、巴豆醛、苯酚和NH3。使用多元校正分析,模型传递等化学计量学方法,对实验数据进行分析,建立了多元线性和多项式模型,通过独立验证样品和t检验确立了每种有害成分的最优模型;分析了各项辅材参数对有害成分释放量的影响权重。     

Synthesis and gelation behaviors of five new dimeric cholesteryl derivatives

Five new diacid amides of di-cholesteryl L-glycinates were designed and prepared.The compounds with linkers containing 0,1, 2,3,or 4 methylene units are denoted as 1,2,3,4,and 5,respectively.Their gelation behaviors in 25 solvents were tested as novel low-molecular-mass organic gelators(LMOGs).It was shown that the length of the linker connecting the two-cholesteryl residues in a gelator plays a crucial role in the gelation behavior of the compound.1 gels 11 of the 25 solvents tested at a concentration lowe...     

数值误差对能斯特方程计算结果的影响

电势和浓度通过能斯特方程相互计算时,计算结果受对方数值误差的影响。本文通过误差传递和实例研究了这种影响。结果表明：浓度误差对电势计算值的影响小,而电势误差对浓度计算值的影响大;这种现象在电子转移数较多、电势较大时更加显著。浓度为计算目标时需要重视数值误差的影响,所以代入能斯特方程的电势值应该有足够精度,或者避免使用能斯特方程,而是通过平衡常数进行计算。电势为计算目标时,浓度误差的影响较小,因此可以通过近似手段估算浓度,然后代入能斯特方程,既简化计算,又保证精度。     

Two New Diterpene Alkaloids from the Roots of Spiraea japonica var. Acuta

Spiraea japonica L. (Rosaceae) is widely distributed in Yunnan Provence, P. R. China. Previous chemical investigations on S. japonica and its varieties have led to the report of 7 new atisane-type diterpenoids and 38 new diterpene alkaloids of atisine- and hetisine-type1-11. This paper describes the isolation and structure elucidation of two new diterpene alkaloids named spiratines A and B (1-2). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR experiments (HMQC, HMBC, 1…