强噪声对家兔内脏损伤的实验研究

本文叙述了声压级为168dB的宽频带噪声对家兔内脏器官损伤的特征。实验表明,家兔内脏的损伤部位与动物所处的体位有关。自由体位和俯卧位动物,主要损伤部位是向外环境开放的肺,其次是空腔脏器胃和肠管。仰卧位动物除肺脏受损外,心脏的损伤非常严重,靠近腹壁的肠管,胃体部及肝脏也受损明显。这些关系表明,高声强噪声对内脏的致伤主要是由于声波的机械效应。     

VISCERAL INJURIES OF RABBITS EXPOSED TO INTENSIVE NOISE

The present study describes the characteristics of visceral injuries of rabbits exposed to a wide-band noise field of 168 dB sound pressure level.The experimental results demonstrated that thesites of the injuries are dependent to a certain extent on the postures of the animals.For animalsin free body posture or in prone posture,the most vulnerable organs are the lungs,which are opento the external environment,and the next are the hollow organs(with empty cavities)such as thestomach and intestines.For animals exposed in supine posture,the heart is usually very seriouslyinjured.Besides,the liver,which is situated near the abdominal wall,will also show some significantinjuries.The characteristics of these visceral injuries reveal that the primary cause of those patho-logical findings is the mechanical effect of the sound waves.     

RESEARCH AND TECHNICAL NOTES LETHAL THRESHOLD CURVE OF GUINEA-PIGS IN HIGH-INTENSITY SOUND FIELD

Some results from the study of the physiological effects of high level broad-band noise fields(165-173 dB)on guinea-pigs are presented in this paper.The lethal time for guinea-pigs undervarious sound pressure levels was determined.The logarithm of exposure time and the sound pres-sure level had good linear correlation.The experimental results showed that lethal time was decreasedby half if the sound pressure level was increased by 3 dB.These results agreed with the law ofequal energy and showed the death of guinea-pigs depended on the noise-dose,i.e.the noise in-tensity times the exposure duration.The average value of the lethal noise-dose is a constant,about33 J/mm~2.     

低频随机振动和正弦振动对汉语清晰度的影响

目的：探索随机振动和正弦振动因素下生成语音在听觉效果上的变化规律。方法：随机振动采用频率范围2-20Hz,加速度为0.3G、0.5G、0.7G(有效值,下同）,正弦振动采用频率4、6、8、10、12Hz,加速度为0.3G、0.5G;在安静及信噪比分别为0dB和-6dB三种状态下对随机振动组、正弦振组及对照组3个组的语音材料进行清晰度测试。结果：和对照组相比,随机振动组,清晰度几科没有变化,正弦振动组,0.3G时4Hz、0.5G时6Hz和8Hz作用下语音清晰度有明显降低,检验结果非常显著。研究还发现,清晰度的降低随听音环境的信噪比的降低而变得严重;结论：正弦振动对发音人发音的影响,会使通话效果变差,并且在听音环境恶劣时尤为突出。     

强噪声场中豚鼠的死亡曲线

本文叙述了声压级为165—173dB的宽频带噪声场对豚鼠的生理效应。求得了在不同声压级下豚鼠致死的时间。实验表明,若声级增加3dB,豚鼠致死时间减半,并且它的噪声的致死剂量是一个常数,约为33J/mm~2。