A new probe of neutron skin thickness

The correlation between neutron-to-proton yield ratio (R_np) and neutron skin thickness (δ_np) in neutron-rich projectile induced reactions is investigated within the framework of the Isospin-Dependent Quantum Molecular Dynamics (IQMD) model. The density distribution of the Droplet model is embedded in the initialization of the neutron and proton densities in the present IQMD model. By adjusting the diffuseness parameter of neutron density in the Droplet model for the projectile, the relationship between the neutron skin thickness and the corresponding R_np is obtained. The results show strong linear correlation between R_np and δ_np for neutron-rich Ca and Ni isotopes. It is suggested that R_np may be used as an experimental observable to extract δ_np for neutron-rich nuclei, which is very interesting in the study of the nuclear structure of exotic nuclei, the equation of state (EOS) of asymmetric nuclear matter and neutron-rich matter in astrophysics, etc.     

开放式复杂航空网络系统的动力学演化

本文首先实证研究了中国航空网(CAN)与外部经济环境,即国民生产总值(GDP)的相关性,进而揭示CAN的演化方式及其拓扑特征的起源.发现自1998年起网络节点的度与其GDP成线性关系,表明了网络拓扑与经济因素有密切的联系,且CAN的度演化服从类似于多重过程(multiplicative process)的模式,而该模式又强烈依赖于GDP的增长率.这种独特的模式暗示了CAN具有类似适应度模型的微观机理.通过对演化方程的研究发现:1)CAN在增长过程中,节点加入的时刻具有经济上的偏好性,即节点加入的时刻与该节 关键词： 国民生产总值(GDP) 中国航空网(CAN) 双段幂率分布 多重过程     

光中子源上吸收片功能研究

15 MeV电子直线加速器驱动的光中子源装置,将用于中国科学院战略性先导科技专项“钍基熔盐堆”中的核数据初步测量工作、中子探测器的研制和反应堆相关材料的辐照研究等。光中子源的中子能谱是连续的,中子能量通过中子飞行时间法测量得到,需要利用吸收片确认中子吸收峰,刻度飞行时间,计算等效飞行距离,扣除实验本底等,而实验本底的扣除对最终总截面计算有很大的影响。因此通过Geant4蒙特卡罗模拟软件构建了包括中子源、吸收片在内的模拟实验环境;研究了不同吸收片的吸收谱和吸收片厚度的关系,同理论计算值进行了比较,给出了推荐的吸收片厚度值;模拟计算了中子飞行时间谱,并和实验测量结果比较,确定中子等效飞行距离为5.70 m。Geant4的理论计算也可以模拟出多吸收片本底函数曲线,可用于实验数据的本底扣除和误差分析。实验测量、模拟分析以及理论公式计算的吸收片厚度和中子飞行时间参数得到了完全一致的结果,验证了实验测量的可靠性。A photo-neutron source driven by a 15 MeV electron LINAC is built for the "Strategic Priority Research Program" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences-the "thorium-based molten salt reactor" project to conduct the nuclear data measurement work,develop neutron detector and carry out reactor material irradiation studies.Since the neutron energy spectrum is continuous,the neutron energy is measured by the time of flight (TOF) method,and neutron filters are needed to confirm absorption peaks,calibrate the TOF,calculate the equivalent flight distance,and remove the experimental background which has great influence on the calculation accuracy of the total cross section.Based on the Monte Carlo simulation tool,Geant4 a simulation environment is set up,including neutron source and neutron filters,to study the energy absorption spectra and thickness of different filters and recommended data for the thickness are provided.The neutron TOF spectra are simulated and compared with experimental measurement,deciding the equivalent TOF distance to be 5.7 m.Geant4 can also simulate the background curve of multiple filters and be used to remove background and analyze errors for the experimental data.All the experiments,simulation and theoretical calculation show consistent results on filter thickness and neutron TOF parameters,indicating the accuracy of the measurement.     

20Mgβ衰变谱学与15O(α,γ)19Ne反应(英文)

15O（α,γ）19Ne（p,γ）20Na反应链是高温CNO循环向快速质子俘获过程突破的一条关键路径,相关的反应率输入量可通过20Mg的β衰变可布居19Ne共振态并测量其衰变性质来获得。通过高效率高精度地测量20Mg β衰变中产生的质子与γ射线得到了20Mg衰变的详细信息,并构建了完整的衰变纲图,还进行了19Ne 4 033 keV共振态衰变性质的探索,获得了该态在20Mg β衰变中被布居的分支比上限。通过比20Mg和20O镜像能级跃迁的结果确认了同位旋非对称性,为检验相关理论模型提供了精确的实验数据。对于突破路径中有重要影响的19Ne 4 033 keV共振态的性质,有待更高统计的实验进一步研究。The breakout from the hot CNO cycle to the rapid proton capture process can occur via the 15O(α,γ)19Ne(p,γ)20Na reaction sequence, and the β decay of 20Mg can be used as an alternative method to characterize some specific resonances, which will provide detailed nuclear structure input for reaction rate calculations. The reliable information on the decay properties and structure of 20Mg was obtained by measuring the emitted particles and γ-rays in the β decay with high efficiency and high resolution. Attempt was also made to search for the decay channels associated with the 4 033 keV resonance in 19Ne. To test fundamental symmetries, the transitions in the mirror decays of 20Mg and 20O were compared. The precise experimental data presented here would be important to constrain the theoretical calculations. It is desirable to clarify the astrophysically relevant problem by further experiments with improved statistics on the basis of the present work.     

Simulation of energy scan of pion interferometry in central Au+Au collisions at relativistic energies

We present a systematic analysis of two-pion interferometry for the central Au+Au collisions at √s_NN=3, 5, 7, 11, 17, 27, 39, 62, 130 and 200 GeV/c with the help of a multiphase transport (AMPT) model. Emission source-size radius parameters R_long, R_out, R_side and the chaotic parameter λ are extracted and compared with the experimental data. Transverse momentum and azimuthal angle dependencies of the HBT radii are also discussed for central Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV/c. The results show that the HBT radii in central collisions do not change much above 7 GeV/c. For central collisions at 200 GeV/c, the radii decrease with the increasing of transverse momentum p_T but are not sensitive to the azimuthal angle. These results provide a theoretical reference for the energy scan program of the RHIC-STAR experiment.     

Isoscaling of the Fission Fragments with Langevin Equation

The Langevin equation is used to simulate the fission process of ^112Sn ^112Sn and ^116Sn ^116Sn. The mass distribution of the fission fragments are given by assuming the process of symmetric fission or asymmetric fission with the Gaussian probability sampling. The isoscaling behaviour has been observed from the analysis of fission fragments of both the reactions, and the isoscaling parameter α seems to be sensitive to the width of fission probability and the beam energy.     

Isoscaling Behaviour in the Isospin-Dependent Quantum Molecular Dynamics Model

The isoscaling behaviour is investigated in a frame of isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics models. The isotopic yields ratio Y2/Y1 for reactions ^48Ca ^48Ca and ^40 Ca ^4oCa at different entrance channels are simulated and presented, the relationship between the isoscaling parameter and the entrance channel is analysed, the results show that a and β reduce with the rise of incident energies and increase with the impact parameter b, which can be attributed to the temperature varying of the pre-fragments in different entrance channels. The relation of a and symmetry-term coefficient Csym reveals that the chemical potential difference △μ is sensitive to thesymmetry-term coefficient Csym, and raises with the increasing Csym.     

基于上海激光电子γ源的天体核合成关键反应12C(α,γ)16O的反应率研究

正在研制的上海激光电子γ源是MeV量级的高品质γ光束线站，基于该装置可以开展一系列核天体物理实验, 从而更准确的确定各天体核合成反应的反应率. 本文研究了天体核合成中的关键反应¹²C(α,γ)¹⁶O的反应率. 根据多组实验和理论截面数据分别计算了反应率, 并给出了这些反应率计算结果的平均值和统计误差. 根据该结果拟合了理论反应率的解析形式, 确定了新的参数. 进而给出俘获反应¹²C(α,γ)¹⁶O在He燃烧环境下的反应率和误差, 并讨论了电子屏蔽效应对天体反应率的修正.     

镜像核13N-13C 和15N-15O中的激发态晕或皮(英文)

用非线性相对论平均场对两对镜像核13N-13C 和15N-15O进行了研究. 发现无论在基态还是激发态， 用两套参数所得的结合能都跟实验值很接近. 计算结果显示13N的第一激发态（2s1/2）和第三激发态（1d5/2）各存在一个非束缚的质子晕， 而13C的第三激发态（1d5/2）存在一个弱束缚的中子皮. 另外研究表明, 在另一对镜像核15N-15O的第二激发态（2s1/2）和第一激发态（2s1/2）分别存在一个中子晕和质子皮. Properties of two pairs of mirror nuclei 13N-13C and15N-15O are investigated by using the nonlinear relativistic mean field theory. It is found that all the calculated binding energies with two different parameter sets are very close to the experimental ones for both the ground states and the excited states. The calculations show that the first excited state (2s1/2) and the third excited state (1d5/2) in 13N are both unbound resonances with proton halo structure, whereas the third excited state (1d5/2) in 13C is weakly bound with a neutron skin. It is also predicted that there has a proton halo in the second excited state (2s1/2) of 15N as well as a neutron skin in the first excited state (2s1/2) of 15O.