等效的DBHF方法研究有限核性质

利用等效的Dirac Brueckner Hartree-Fock(DBHF)方法,即用密度相关的核子–介子耦合常数在相对论平均场近似下,考虑了重排列项,研究了有限核的性质.介子–核子耦合常数的密度相关性是由考虑了核子短程关联的DBHF方法来确定的,要求在每个密度下用相对论平均场方法得到的核子自能与用DBHF得到的自能一致.计算了核物质性质及有限核基态性质,并着重讨论了重排列项对Ca及Pb同位素链结果的影响.考虑重排列项作用后使计算的核电荷均方根半径增大,更好地符合实验值.     

稳定和不稳定核巨共振性质的相对论研究

在相对论平均场的基态上自洽的相对论无规位相近似(RRPA)理论框架下,研究稳定核和不稳定核的巨共振性质.研究了稳定核²⁰⁸Pb,¹⁴⁴Sm,¹¹⁶Sn,⁹⁰Zr,⁴⁰Ca,¹⁶O和不稳定核Ca同位素链同位旋标量和同位旋矢量集体巨共振激发,并讨论了Dirac海负能核子态和矢量介子空间分量对核的巨共振性质的影响.研究的结果表明,Dirac海负能核子态和矢量介子空间分量对同位旋标量激发有贡献,特别是对重核,而对轻核它的贡献减弱,对于同位旋矢量激发的贡献可忽略.几组常用的相对论平均场非线性模型参量,不仅能成功的描述有限核的基态性质,也能很好地描述核的巨共振激发.对于N/Z极端情况下,同位旋矢量巨偶极激发模式存在低能集体激发,它是由于费密面附近弱束缚核子的激发和同位旋混杂效应 关键词： 相对论无规位相近似 核巨共振     

相对论和非相对论理论模型研究奇异核的性质

采用相对论和非相对论理论模型可描述奇异核的性质 .相对论平均场理论预言了2 6,2 7,2 8P存在一个质子晕 ,而27,28,29S存在两个质子晕 .最近 ,MSU的最新的实验发现了2 6,2 7,2 8P核存在一个质子晕.采用相对论 Hartree- Fock理论研究了 Fock项和矢量介子对奇异核性质的贡献,研究表明交换项和矢量介子对非常丰中子核性质的影响非常不同于对稳定线附近核性质的影响.同时,采用形变的Hartree- Fock- Bogoliubov理论研究了某些轻核同位素链的性质和形变.     

200MeV以下质子-核散射的相对论微观描述

应用Dirac Brückner-Hartree-Fock方法, 采用新的G矩阵分解方式研究了核子在核介质中的同位旋相关的相对论微观光学势，采用定域密度近似得到有限核的相对论微观光学 势.讨论了有限核的相对论微观光学势及其Schrdinger等价势与入射质子能量的关系，计 算了200MeV以下质子入射40⁴⁰Ca和208²⁰⁸Pb核的弹性散射角分布 和分析本领，得到了与实验相一致的结果，并将这种方法推广用于不稳定核的研究.通过对C a同位素的计算可以看出，在相 关键词： 相对论微观光学势 Dirac Brückner-Hartree-Fock 不对称核物质 定域密度近似     

超重核的生成和衰变

简单介绍了近年来在超重核研究方面所取得的成就和理论方面所面临的挑战.着重介绍推广的液滴模型和准分子形状机制,它们的优点是考虑了精确的核半经、质量和电荷的不对称性、形变、亲和力和温度等.推广的液滴模型和准分子形状机制能很好地描述重核和超重核的裂变、衰变及完全熔合反应.The progress and challenge on studies of superheavy elements both experiments and theories has been briefly introduced. It is emphasis to introduce a generalized liquid drop model, including the proximity effects, the asymmetry, an accurate nuclear radius, and quasi molecular shapes. The α decay half lives of 373 nuclei and superheavy elements have been calculated in the generalized liquid drop model and compared with the available experimental data. The deformed energies have also been obtained ...     

用相对论Brueckner-Bethe-Goldstone方程研究相对论微观光学位

本文用相对论Brueckner-Bethe-Goldstone(RBBG)方程研究核子-核的相对论微观学学势.核子的复有效质量是通过入射能量为200MeV的质子-⁴⁰Ca散射数据来确定,由此进一步研究了质子对不同靶核:¹⁶O,⁴⁰Ca,⁹⁰Zr,²⁰⁸Pb能量范围从160—800MeV的相对论微观光学位.我们用这种微观光学位研究入射能量为200MeV质子与⁴⁰Ca的弹性散射,并与唯象相对论光学位计算得到的截面,自旋可观测量进行了比较.     

CEBAF和质子G°实验研究

本文简单介绍了美国ＣＥＢＡＦ（连续电子束流加速器）的近况和研究方向，以及Ｃ厅将展开的研究核子内Ｓ夸克成分的极化电子与质子散射宇称破坏不对称性测量的实验，即质子味单态电形状因子Ｇ°实验． The current status and scientific goal of CEBAF (The continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility ) are briefly presented. The project of the measurement of the flavor Singlet form factor G°of proton at C hall is outlined. A precise measurement of Parity violating asymmetry in the scattering of polarized electron from a proton target enables one to explore the Strange quark content in the proton.     

A New Decomposition Approach of Dirac Brueckner Hartree—Fock G Matrix for Asymmetric Nuclear Matter

Asymmetric nuclear matter is investigated by the Dirac Brueckner Hartree-Fock (DBHF) approach with a new decomposition of the Dirac structure of nucleon self-energy from the G matrix.It is found that the isospin dependence of the scalar and vector potentials is relatively weak,although boty potentials for neutron (proton) become deep (shallow) in the neutron-rich nuclear matter.The results in asymmetric nuclear matter are rather different from those obtained by a simple method,where the nucleon self-energy is deduced from the single-particle energy.The nuclear binding energy as a function of the asymmetry parameter fulfils the empirical parabolic law up to very extreme isospin asymmetric nuclear matter in the DBHF approach.The behaviour of the density depandence of the asymmetry energy is different from that obtained by non-relativistic approaches,although both give similar asymmetry energy at the nuclear saturation density.     

电子准弹性散射宇称不守恒中的奇异夸克效应

采用相对论平均场模型,计算了¹²C和⁴⁰Ca的准弹性电子散射的字称不守恒不对称性A.研究了核内奇异夸克成份对A的影响.     

27,28P+28Si总反应截面增强及可能相关的机制

测量了27,28P和相应同中子异位素在28Si靶上的中能反应截面.测得N=12和13同中子异位素的反应截面在Z=15处突然增大.对Z≤14同中子异位素和28P的实验数据结果可以用改进的光学极限近似的Glauber理论很好地描述.28P的反应截面能够用扩大核芯以改进的Glauber理论来解释.但是,用改进光学极限和少体近似的Glauber理论却低估了27P的实验数据.理论分析表明,扩大的核芯加质子晕可能是响应27P+28Si反应截面增强的机制. The reaction cross sections of~(27,28)P and the corresponding isotones on Si target were measured at intermediate energies. The measured reaction cross sections of the N=12 and 13 isotones show an abrupt increase at Z=15. The experimental results for the isotones with Z≤14 and~(28)P can be described well by the modified Glauber theory of the optical limit approach. The enhancement of the reaction cross section for~(28)P could be explained by the modified Glauber theory with an enlarged core. Theoretical ana...