低频大孔径线列阵声纳在海底反射区的测向性能分析*

与深海直达声探测、会聚区探测不同,在海底反射声探测模式下,低频大孔径线列阵声纳采用常规阵列信号处理方法,会产生测向误差增大和方位分裂等测向性能下降现象。目前,关于海底反射声探测模式下测向性能下降程度的预报、测向性能下降现象出现的区域位置预报等方面尚缺乏研究。本文针对该问题,提出一套海底反射区声纳测向性能预报方法。该方法以深海声场存在“简正波簇”现象及高阶“简正波簇”在角谱域分布具有稳定性等分析结论为支撑,提出高阶“简正波簇”角谱域分布向空域分布的转换方法、高阶简正波簇引起的测向误差量值预报方法、不同高阶简正波簇干涉产生多目标现象的条件的计算方法,实现了对低频大孔径线列阵声纳在深海海底反射区不同位置的测向误差预报、目标方位分裂现象产生的位置和目标角度范围要求预报。结合典型条件下的预报结果,本文提出了下一步开展低频大孔径线列阵声纳深海海底反射区环境适配信号处理方法的研究方向。     

深海海底反射区声场的相干结构及其有源声呐估距

有源声呐在探测深海海底反射区的目标时,由于声线大掠射角弯曲且声速沿声线传播路径不断变化,造成了常规估距方法产生较大的误差。有效声速法是减小常规估距方法误差的有效途径,但由于需要预先计算空间每一位置点的"声线时延有效声速"对,复杂度高,实时性差。针对有效声速法的实时性问题,本文基于深海海底反射区声场的相干结构,提出一种改进的有效声速估距方法.首先指出深海声场能量沿声源出射角强弱相间变化及其引起的海底反射区离散声呐可探测区现象,并利用深海近水面声源的声线干涉效应解释了该现象的物理机理,建立了声呐可探测区与高能量声线的量化关系。在此基础上,计算声呐可探测区边界位置的"声线时延-有效声速"对,并线性拟合出可探测区所有位置点对应的值。经仿真验证,该方法与传统的有效声速法均可实现对常规估距方法估距误差的有效校正。虽然该方法估距精度较传统的有效声速法略有增大,但计算复杂度和计算时间显著减小,实时性好,具有良好的工程应用前景。      

数控系统中封闭曲线三次均匀B样条插补不平滑处理研究

数控系统中经常会用到样条插值,对于不封闭曲线,一般的样条插值,就能解决,但对于封闭曲线,首尾控制点的处理不当,传统的增加控制点的方法经常会出现不平滑,甚至锐角,本文就应用埃尔米特插值解决这一问题,并在Visual C++上进行仿真实现.     

二阶有理迭代数列

对一类二阶有理迭代数列,通过将其化为一阶有理迭代数列并利用一阶倒数迭代数列的结论,给出了其通项公式与收敛性.     

调和凸函数及其Hermite-Hadamard型不等式的加细

完善调和凸函数的基本性质,并利用两个函数对调和凸函数的Hermite-Hadamard型不等式进行加细.     

弹性反冲探测分析技术在材料氦行为研究中的应用

弹性反冲探测分析技术（ERDA）对轻元素的测定具有灵敏度高、包含深度信息的优势，因此在材料氦行为研究中发挥着重要作用。镍基哈氏N合金被认为是未来熔盐堆的结构材料，氦脆是其服役性能下降的主要因素之一。利用掠入射模式的ERDA，解析了哈氏N合金样品中的氦原子浓度及其分布，但仅局限于0~175 nm深度范围内。结果表明:在800℃的退火条件下，距离样品辐照表面~33 nm深度区域内，出现了氦原子逃逸现象。更高温度的退火（1 050℃）可加剧氦原子的逃逸，但样品中仍有氦原子滞留。另外，采用透射式的ERDA，极大地扩大了对氦原子分析的深度范围，得到了纯镍薄膜在0~950 nm深度区域内的氦原子浓度分布。这表明将块体材料制备成薄膜样品，利用透射模式的ERDA，将可以得到氦原子在更大范围内的扩散、逃逸行为。Since the elastic recoil detection analysis (ERDA) technique has the advantages of high sensitivity and deep information in analyzing the light elements, it plays an important role in the study of helium behavior in materials. Helium embrittlement is one of the main reasons for the degradation of the Hastelloy N alloy, which has been considered as the promising candidate structural material for the further molten salt reactor. In this work, the profile of helium concentrationin sample of Hastelloy N alloy was analyzed by ERDA experiments applying grazing-incidence geometry. However, the result was limited within the depth range of 0~175 nm, and it shown that helium atoms escaped in the range from the irradiated surface of the sample to the depth of ~33 nm when annealing the sample at 800℃ The annealing at higher temperature (1 050℃) increased the escape of helium atoms, but a small fraction of helium atoms still trapped in the sample. In addition, the profile of helium concentration was obtained in the helium-irradiated pure nickel film in the depth range of 0~950 nm, using the ERDA experiments in transmission geometry. This indicates that the diffusion behavior of helium atoms in bulk samples can be completely obtained using the ERDA experiments in tranmission geometry if the bulk material can be prepared into a thin film sample.     

Josephson结的I-V曲线的子台阶

本文在文献[1]基础上进一步分析Josephson结的I-V曲线的子台阶现象。首先把数学方法作了发展,然后用所得的方法分析了产生子台阶的条件,从而完善了对Josephson结的I-V曲线的分析。 关键词：     

高间Melnikov方法

本文把原有Melnikov方法推广到高阶情况.找到了二阶次谐Melnikov函数表达式,并且证明了在一定条件下可以用二阶次谐Melnikov函数来判定系统的次谐或超次谐的存在.     

平面Hamilton系统在小扰动下次谐与超次谐解的讨论

本文提出了处理平面Hamilton系统在小扰动下次谐和超次谐解的方法.利用这个方法对一类系统进行了 处理,发现理论与数值 结果较好地吻合.     

Acoustic multipath structure in direct zone of deep water and bearing estimation of tow ship noise of towed line array

In the towed line array sonar system, the tow ship noise is the main factor that affects the sonar performance. Conventional noise cancelling methods assume that the noise is towards the endfire direction of the array. An acoustic experiment employing a towed line array is conducted in the western Pacific Ocean, and a strange bearing-splitting phenomenon of the tow ship noise is observed in the array. The tow ship noise is split into multiple noise signals whose bearings are distributed between 10° and 90° deviating from the endfire direction. The multiple interferences increase the difficulty in recognizing the target for the sonar operator and noise cancellation. Therefore, making the mechanism clear and putting forward the tow ship noise splitting bearing estimation method are imperative. In this paper, the acoustic multi-path structure of the tow ship in deep water is analyzed. Then it is pointed out that the bearing-splitting phenomenon is caused by the main lobe of direct rays and bottom-reflected rays, as well as several side lobes of direct rays. Meanwhile, the indistinguishability between the elevation angle and the bearing angle due to the axial symmetry of a strict horizontal line array causes the bearing to deviate from the endfire direction. Based on the theory above, a method of estimating bearing of the tow ship noise in deep water is proposed. The theoretical analysis results accord with the experimental results, which helps to identify the target and provide correct initial bearing guidance for noise cancelation methods.