溅射的同位素迷惑

影响多元材料溅射的机制是复杂的．在多元材料溅射中，同位素溅射是最简单的．虽然仅有质量效应在同位素溅射中起优势作用，但是在离子轰击溅射中，至今仍然是个“同位素迷惑”．争论的焦点有:（１）在零剂量时，同位素富集度是与出射角无关，还是与出射角有关？（２）同位素角效应是一次溅射效应，还是二次溅射效应？如何理解碰撞级联中的动量不对称性对同位素溅射的作用？文中综述了这些争论，并阐明了本小组的观点． Mechanisms affecting multicomponent material sputtering are complex. Isotope sputtering is the simplest in the multicomponent materials sputtering. Although only mass effect plays a dominant role in the isotope sputtering, there is still an isotope puzzle in suputtering by ion bombardment. The major arguments are as follows:(1) At the zero fluence, is the isotope enrichment ejection angle independent or ejection angle dependent? (2)Is the isotope angular effect the primary or the ...     

低能粒子与X射线在碳纳米管(绳)内传输研究的现状

高能粒子(沟道)传输时, 粒子质量与入射能量有关。 低能粒子(沟道)传输时, 粒子(静止)质量与入射能量无关。 与其说高低能量区别, 不如说质量观念区别; 因此两者研究是不同观念的研究。 沟道连续势阱的柱状对称性与碳纳米管结构的变化无关。 X射线(沟道)传输表现为两方面: 在波动性方面, 它遵守光学散射规律; 在粒子性方面, 它被沟道连续势阱束缚。 For high energy particle transmission, its mass depends on its incident energy. For low energy particle transmission, its (static) mass is independent of its incident energy. The difference between the mass ideas is rather than that between high and low energies. Thus, these two transmission studies are very different in ideas. The column symmetry of transverse continuum potential well is independent of the nanotube structure. X ray transmission consists of two aspects: as wave, it is scattered by the laws of ray optics; as particle, it is captured in the transverse continuum potential well.     

同位素择尤溅射角分布研究

本文从理论和实验两个方面探讨了同位素溅射角分布问题。从实验上得到的同位素溅射角分布曲线表明,在垂直靶面方向轻同位素择尤溅射,而在倾斜方向,则重同位素择尤溅射。在理论上考虑了原子级联碰撞过程中的能量和动量传输的不对称性,给出了一个与实验结果相符的同位素溅射角分布表达式。 关键词：     

NiPd合金在升温过程中择尤溅射的研究

用卢瑟福背散射技术,测定了NiPd(48.2wt%Pd)合金在不同温度时的溅射原子角分布,从而确定了Ni和Pd原子的部分产额随样品温度的变化关系。结果发现:Ni和Pd的部分溅射产额在居里温度附近均有较大变化,而且Pd的产额变化幅度比Ni的变化幅度大;Ni是择尤溅射元素,但是在磁相转变过程中,其择尤溅射程度却随样品温度的升高而减小。经讨论后指出,上述现象可能是由于在磁相转变过程中原子表面结合能减小和离子轰击引起的表面偏析共同引起的。 关键词：     

Calculation of the Griffith COhesive Energy of the Ni3AlBx Symmetrical Grain Boundary

A Monte Carlo simulation,with the energetics described by the embedded atom method,has been employed to study the physical behaviour of boron atoms during relaxation of the Ni3AlBx grain boundary,It has also been used to calculate not only the peak concentrations of Ni and B and the valley concentration of Al at the grain boundary,but also the dependence of the grain boundary cohesion on the B bulk concentration.During relaxation of impure Ni3Al grain boundaries,we suggest that,as the segregating species,the B atoms either insert into interstices in the grain boundary or substitute Ni atoms.Meanwhile,as the inducing species,they induce Ni atoms to substitute for Al atoms.Calculations show that in the equilibrium,when the B bulk concentration x increases from 0.1 to 0.9 the peak concentration of B increases,the peak concentration of Ni maximizes while the valley concentration of Al minimizes at x=0.5,The calculations also show the best cohesion of the grain boundary at x=0.5。     

溅射角分布形状与Spike效应的相关性

Sigmund 69年提出的线性碰撞级联理论,成功地解决了多晶体与无定形的单元素靶的溅射产额问题。根据反冲原子速度分布是各向同性的假定,他又推导出单元素靶溅射角分布是cosine形状,即溅射角分布可用A(cosβ)”函数描述,其中形状指数n=1。但是不少实验事实表明,对于中等以上质量的离子和靶原子来说,当离子能≥10~1Kev数量级级时,单元素靶溅射角分布是 over——cosine形状,即形状指数n>1。产生这种现象的机制至今仍不清楚。本文认为:在整个碰撞级联中,不全是线性碰撞,     

用双粒子模型研究微量元素与Ni在Ni3Al晶界共富集现象

双粒子模型的基础是描述原子之间相互作用势为EAM(embedded atom method)势的Monte Carlo模拟. 模型建议：在Ni₃Al晶界弛豫时，微量元素原子既被看作为偏析子又被看作为诱发子. 作为偏析子它在晶界偏析(或富集)，作为诱发子它诱发Ni原子在晶界偏析(或富集). 可见本模型能解析共偏析(或共富集)现象. 根据正(或诱发子)效应与负(或偏析子)效应的联合影响，模型解释了Ni在Ni₃Al晶界最明显富集现象. 关键词： 偏析子与诱发子 基体效应 在晶界共富集 晶界内聚性     

Low Energy Ion Channelling in Single-Wall Nanotubes

Monte Carlo simulation is used to study the low energy He ion channelling in a （17, 0） single-wall nanotube and its rope. The simulation shows that the channelling critical angle ψc = 48E^-1/2 （E is incident energy） for a 1.31-nm-diameter initial beam into the nanotube, while ψc = 45E^-1/2 for the 1.31-nm-diameter initial beam into its rope.     

模拟锆(Zr) 的基体效应对Ni3Al-x atoms % Zr晶界内聚性的影响(英文)

利用双粒子模型研究微量元素锆(Zr)的基体效应对Ni3Al x atoms % Zr晶界内聚性的影响. 模型显示， x\[锆(Zr)的基体浓度\]从0.1增加到0.5， 在晶界Zr富集是增加的； Ni富集和Al贫乏在x=0.3时趋于最大. 模型还显示， Ni3Al x atoms % Zr晶界的内聚性在x=0.3时为最佳.     

合金溅射轰击诱发的吉布斯偏析现象

建立了包括质量效应、键合效应和轰击诱发吉布斯偏析效应的蒙特卡罗模拟程序;并对轰击诱发吉布斯偏析效应的两大特征(表面成分梯度特征和表面成分梯度的中间性特征)进行了研究.模拟解析了为何在被轰击合金表面形成了一个偏析元素的成分梯度;为何被轰击合金表面的成分梯度、溅射角分布和溅射产额具有中间性特征. In 1982, phenomena of bombardment induced Gibssian segregation(BIGS) during alloy sputtering were found at low temperature. By using Monte Carlo(MC) simulation programs including mass effect, surface binding energy effect and bombardment induced Gibssian segregation effect, we especially study two important characters of BIGS (one is the character of the surface composition gradient of BIGS, and another is the intermediate character of the surface composition gradient of BIGS). The MC simulations give...