设计合成新型有机硒化合物用于金属阳离子识别性能研究

设计合成了有机硒化合物1,4-二(2-苄硒基)乙氧基蒽,利用1H NMR、13C NMR、红外光谱和质谱对化合物进行了结构表征,采用荧光光谱技术研究了其对金属阳离子的识别。结果表明,其对汞离子有较强的识别能力,且对汞离子表现出开关性能。最后,初步讨论了其的识别机理和应用。     

Correlation method estimation of the modulation signal in the weak equivalence principle test

In a test of the weak equivalence principle(WEP) with a rotating torsion pendulum, it is important to estimate the amplitude of the modulation signal with high precision. We use a torsional filter to remove the free oscillation signal and employ the correlation method to estimate the amplitude of the modulation signal. The data analysis of an experiment shows that the uncertainties of amplitude components of the modulation signal obtained by the correlation method are in agreement with those due to white noise. The power spectral density of the modulation signal obtained by the correlation method is about one order higher than the thermal noise limit. It indicates that the correlation method is an effective way to estimate the amplitude of the modulation signal and it is instructive to conduct a high-accuracy WEP test.     

液相质谱测定非极性或弱极性物质的研究进展

从衍生、离子加合、离子源、裂解等方面对近年来液相质谱测定非极性或弱极性物质的研究进行综述。其中,衍生方式主要介绍了醛酮类化合物、醇类化合物、胺类化合物、烯烃与炔烃等物质的衍生方式,离子加合主要介绍了铵根离子加合等正离子加合模式与甲酸根等负离子加合模式,离子源主要介绍了大气压化学电离(APCI)、APPI、DESI三种离子源在测定非极性或弱极性物质的研究,裂解方式以三氯杀螨醇为例子。文章以实例对液相质谱测定非极性或弱极性物质的策略进行了讨论,对它们的现状和未来前景进行预测。     

新型吡唑啉衍生物的合成及其对Fe(Ⅲ)的选择性识别

以芳酮和芳醛为原料,在Na OH/Et OH存在下经缩合反应制得中间体芳烯酮(3);3与肼经环合反应合成了5个新型的含荧光基团的吡唑啉衍生物(5a~5e),其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和IR表征。并利用UVVis和FL研究了5a~5e对金属离子的选择识别性能。结果表明,5a~5e对Fe(Ⅲ)有较好的选择性识别。     

含多氟的4-甲基噻唑环的新型二肽基肽酶Ⅳ抑制剂的合成及其降血糖活性

设计并合成了一系列含多氟的4-甲基噻唑环的新型二肽基肽酶Ⅳ抑制剂(6a～6i),其结构经1H NMR和ESI-MS表征.以西他列汀为阳性对照药,采用小鼠体内口服葡萄糖耐受量法测试,结果显示6c和6h具有明显的降血糖作用.     

高功率密度激光宽角度阵列探测技术研究

为了提高探测器阵列靶的到靶激光功率密度测量范围及入射角度宽容性,从防护取样衰减结构出发,基于全反射与透射散射理论设计镀金铜基面板、光纤取样和散射片所组成的防护取样衰减结构。同时,将所设计的结构应用于探测器阵列靶系统。通过激光辐照靶面热分析、光线追迹仿真及激光逐点扫描实验,对系统抗激光损伤能力、角度特性及通道响应一致性进行分析测试。结果表明,该防护取样衰减结构可以承受高功率密度激光的长时间辐照;在0°～30°的入射角度范围内,实测角度特性系数经余弦校正后相对于正入射偏差小于4%;各通道单元间的响应不一致性标准差均小于2%。     

密度泛函理论研究草甘膦在纯的, 金属原子掺杂石墨烯表面的吸附机理

本研究采用密度泛函理论方法详细讨论了纯的石墨烯及Ti, Fe, Al, Ca原子掺杂石墨烯吸附草甘膦的机理.通过它们之间的吸附能,差分电荷密度,布居电荷,态密度分析发现草甘膦可以被纯的石墨烯及金属原子掺杂石墨烯不同程度地吸附.纯的石墨烯对草甘膦的吸附作用远不及掺杂石墨烯,其中,草甘膦在Ca掺杂石墨烯表面有最强相互作用.这是因为草甘膦与纯的石墨烯之间主要形成了-P=O…π,-COOH…π和-OH…π非共价的相互作用,而与掺杂石墨烯之间主要形成了Metal-O“单齿”和O-Metal-O“双齿”共价相互作用.本研究结果希冀为石墨烯在环境保护方面的应用提供有价值的理论指导.     

Effect of gravity gradient in weak equivalence principle test

A high accuracy test of the weak equivalence principle(WEP) is of great scientific significance no matter whether its result is positive. We analyze the gravity gradient effect which is a main systematic error source in the test of WEP.The result shows that the uncompensated gravity gradient effect from the coupling term of the dominated gravity gradient multipole moment component q_(21) and the relative multipole field component Q_(21) contributes to an uncertainty of 1×10~(-11) on the E¨otv¨os parameter. We make a Q_(21) compensation to reduce the effect by about 20 times, and the limit of the test precision due to this coupling is improved to a level of a part in 10~(13).     

Determination of the thermal noise limit in test of weak equivalence principle with a rotating torsion pendulum

Thermal noise is one of the most fundamental limits to the sensitivity in weak equivalence principle test with a rotating torsion pendulum. Velocity damping and internal damping are two of many contributions at the thermal noise, and which one mainly limits the torsion pendulum in low frequency is difficult to be verified by experiment. Based on the conventional method of fast Fourier transform, we propose a developed method to determine the thermal noise limit and then obtain the precise power spectrum density of the pendulum motion signal. The experiment result verifies that the thermal noise is mainly contributed by the internal damping in the fiber in the low frequency torsion pendulum experiment with a high vacuum. Quantitative data analysis shows that the basic noise level in the experiment is about one to two times of the theoretical value of internal damping thermal noise.     

Correction of cosine oscillation to the improved correlation method of estimating the amplitude of gravitational background signal

In the measurement of G with the angular acceleration method,the improved correlation method developed by Wu et al.(Wu W H,Tian Y,Luo J,Shao C G,Xu J H and Wang DH 2016 Rev.Sci.Instrum.87 094501) is used to accurately estimate the amplitudes of the prominent harmonic components of the gravitational background signal with time-varying frequency.Except the quadratic slow drift,the angular frequency of the gravitational background signal also includes a cosine oscillation coming from the useful angular acceleration signal,which leads to a deviation from the estimated amplitude.We calculate the correction of the cosine oscillation to the amplitude estimation.The result shows that the corrections of the cosine oscillation to the amplitudes of the fundamental frequency and second harmonic components obtained by the improved correlation method are within respective errors.