Large-scale magnetic structures of coronal mass ejections

Based on the studies on the source regions of a group of coronal mass ejections, we have identified two types of large-scale magnetic structures, and suggested that they are intrinsic components of solar magnetism, their destabilization, expansion, and eruption into the interplanetary space are the basic physical processes which lead to the coronal mass ejections. These two types of large-scale structures are giant magnetic loops connecting the two active belts on the opposite hemispheres of the Sun, and the giant filaments (filament channels) and their related magnetic structures. The latter often appear as two parallel rows of sunspots and plage fields, which align side by side in the full disk daily and synoptic magnetograms. The magnetic neutral lines of these large-scale structures are usually longer than 50 heliographic degrees. We name this type of structure "super A configuration". Sometimes, they are shown as very long filaments and related large-scale magnetic fields. As these magnetic structures are of very large scale, they extend to a great altitude into the corona, they are not easily recognized in magnetic field observations which are usually aimed at solar flare studies. To identify these large-scale structures becomes a key to understanding and predicting coronal mass ejections.     

宇宙线天体物理研究进展

由于天体粒子物理涉及的研究领域太宽,本文拟以宇宙线总的能谱特征为线索,分段介绍各能区的研究前沿,总结有关宇宙线的起源、传播和成分的理论模型和相应的观测实验进展,并简要介绍相关的高能领域,例如γ暴(GRB),中微子,暗物质,超对称(SUSY),大统一理论(GUT)。这些理论在某种程度上暗示着极高能宇宙线的产生机制,并可能意味着需要新的超出标准粒子物理模型的理论来解释GZK截断(GZK Cutoff)的疑难问题。对高能天体物理的研究可以拓宽人类对早期宇宙的认识,为新物理理论模型提供检验的证据,为人类认识自然提供了另一扇窗口。     

Progress in the studies of "Solar Activity and Its Geo-space Effects"

The major basic research project, "Solar Activity and Terrestrial Effects: Observations and Research in the Maximum of Solar Cycle 23" (STORM23) has promoted close collaborations in multiple branches of natural sciences, such as astronomy, space science and geo-science, in China.     

太阳低层大气中的磁重联

向量磁场的观测,为确定太阳活动区的磁场拓扑,提供了决定性的约束,从而,为证认可能的物理过程,提供了观测基础,从向量磁场观测和理论探讨两方面证实,由视向磁图观测发现的磁对消现象,反映了两个独立的磁环系统的相互作用,主要是发生在太阳低层大气的磁重联过程,这一重联过程可能通过向上层大气输运磁通量和磁螺度,影响上层大气的磁活动,并可能导致日冕内的快重联,提供太阳耀斑所需的能量.     

宇宙线天体物理研究进展

由于天体粒子物理涉及的研究领域太宽,本文拟以宇宙线总的能谱特征为线索,分段介绍各能区的研究前沿,总结有关宇宙线的起源、传播和成分的理论模型和相应的观测实验进展,并简要介绍相关的高能领域,例如γ暴(GRB),中微子,暗物质,超对称(SUSY),大统一理论(GUT)。这些理论在某种程度上暗示着极高能宇宙线的产生机制,并可能意味着需要新的超出标准粒子物理模型的理论来解释GZK截断(GZK Cutoff)的疑难问题。对高能天体物理的研究可以拓宽人类对早期宇宙的认识,为新物理理论模型提供检验的证据,为人类认识自然提供了另一扇窗口。