Controllable annulus micro-/nanostructures on copper fabricated by femtosecond laser with spatial doughnut distribution

In this study,we propose an effective method for the fabrication of annulus micro-/nanostructures by a femtosecond laser doughnut beam.Compared with the traditional Bessel annulus beam shaping system,this method greatly compresses the light propagation path.It is theoretically and experimentally demonstrated that the obtained axial section of the peak envelope in the processing area is two waists of the isosceles triangle.By moving the relative position of the sample,annulus microstructures with different diameters on copper sheet could be fabricated.In addition,laser induced periodic surface structures with controllable direction are fabricated by this optical system.     

Ablation enhancement by defocused irradiation assisted femtosecond laser fabrication of stainless alloy

We evaluate the effects of the holes geometry drilled by a femtosecond laser on a stainless alloy with various defocused irradiation time, which ranges from 0 min to 1 h. The laser ablation efficiency is increased by a factor of3 when the irradiation time is elevated from 0 to 30 min. Also, the morphology of the hole is observed by a scanning electron microscope, where the result indicates that the defocused irradiation time has a significant influence on the morphology changes. The reason for such changes is discussed based on the pretreatment effect and the confined plasma plume. As an application example, the microchannel is fabricated by a femtosecond laser combined with the defocused irradiation to demonstrate the advantage of the proposed method in fabricating functional structures.     

抛光对光纤连接器回波损耗的影响

分别选用氧化铝和氧化硅材料的抛光砂纸,在施加不同抛光压力、抛光时间,以及抛光助剂等工艺条件下,实验研究了抛光对连接器回波损耗的影响规律。通过实验发现:氧化铝砂纸干式抛光使光纤连接器的回波损耗仅保持在32～38dB之间;氧化硅砂纸干式抛光会造成光纤端面污损,使得连接器的回波损耗降低到20dB以下;氧化铝与氧化硅砂纸湿式抛光均可使光纤连接器的回波损耗提高到45～50dB,但氧化铝砂纸湿式抛光会造成80nm以上的光纤凹陷。因此,制作高回波损耗的光纤连接器应优先选用氧化硅砂纸湿式抛光工艺,抛光时间应控制在20～30s。     

基于遗传算法的集成光子器件对准

设计了一种基于遗传算法的集成光子器件自动对准方法.该算法克服了对准搜索中的早熟现象,改善了简单遗传算法搜索后期收敛速度慢的缺陷.仿真实验表明,在平面光波导与单模光纤自动对准过程中,该改进的遗传算法平均检测207个空间点时达到了0.01 dB的对准功率损耗.     

关于黏弹性材料的广义Maxwell模型

采用流变力学分析黏弹性材料的流变特性时，常要用到广义Maxwell模型 表达的应力松弛模量. 而从试验中获得的应力松弛模量，其表达式常为 Kohlrausch-William-Watts function(KWW函数)形式. 通过把KWW函数和广义Maxwell模型的拟合问题转化为两 矩阵相等的求解问题后，又把两矩阵的相等等价于两矩阵差值向量的一阶范数为无穷小的问 题，并通过引入广义逆矩阵，求得两矩阵差值向量的一阶范数的最小值，最后以一阶范数的 最小值为目标函数，松弛时间为约束条件，利用单纯形法对两矩阵差值向量的一阶范数的最 小值优化，从而提出了一种针对黏弹材料的KWW函数与广义Maxwell模型转换的计算方法. 借助于MATLAB软件，实现了对黏弹材料的广义Maxwell模型的拟合.     

Femtosecond laser highly-efficient plane processing based on an axicon-generated donut-shaped beam

A simple technique is proposed for highly-efficient plane processing fully based on femtosecond laser beam shaping. The laser intensity distribution is transformed from a Gaussian to a donut shape. As the donut-shaped focus seems like a flat top from the side view, a plane with a high level of flatness is obtained directly by scanning once.By applying it to polishing experiments, the surface roughness can be improved significantly. The influence of scanning speed, laser pulse energy, and scanning times on the roughness is also discussed. Moreover, the scanning width can be flexibly controlled in a wide range.     

碳纳米管对接成异质结器件的计算模拟

基于Stone-Wales缺陷演变理论与分子动力学、Monte Carlo计算方法, 进行了碳纳米管(CNTs)对接成异质结器件的计算模拟.首先, 提出了一种模拟CNTs端帽位置变化的新算法, 并计算模拟了单根CNT的端帽从开口到闭合的过程. Stone-Wales缺陷演变被设计模拟这些端帽变化的跃变过程, 以模拟C–C键的生成与断裂, 而分子动力学则作为跃变后构型弛豫的渐变模拟. 同时, 研究了不同管型CNTs的端帽打开并对接形成异质结的过程.研究结果显示, 对接初期在对接处先产生大量的缺陷, 以促进反应的发生. 这些缺陷趋向于演变成稳定的六元环结构, 或者五元环/七元环的结构, 使异质结趋于稳定. 关键词： 碳纳米管 Monte Carlo Stone-Wales缺陷 分子动力学     

熔融光纤器件熔锥区的形貌和微观结构研究

熔锥型光纤器件的光学性能由熔锥区的微观结构和形貌决定,而微观结构和形貌又由工艺条件决定。为了分析工艺条件对微观结构与形貌的影响机理及规律,以不同拉锥速度制作的耦合器为测试样,用显微红外光谱仪测试了其熔区和锥区的波数,用扫描电子显微镜观察了其相应点的表面形貌。经多次实验发现:在1100 cm-1和810 cm-1左右有两个明显的特征峰;1100 cm-1特征峰在锥区的波数最高,熔区次之,裸光纤最小;且随着拉锥速度的增大,1100 cm-1特征峰移向高波数。在光纤耦合器的锥区,存在微裂纹,随着拉锥速度增大,微裂纹越明显;在光纤耦合器的熔区,光纤表面析出了微小晶粒,且拉锥速度越小,晶粒越粗大。只有在适当的拉锥速度下(这里为150μm/s),熔区和锥区的结构与裸光纤的微观结构接近,且缺陷最少,才能获得较高质量的光纤耦合器。     

Doping transition metal ions as a method for enhancement of ablation rate in femtosecond laser irradiation of silicate glass

We present a doping method to improve the femtosecond laser ablation rate and promote ablation selectivity. Doping transition metal ions, Co2＋ or Cu2＋, in silicate glass apparently change absorption spectroscopy and induce resonant absorption at wavelengths of 600 and 800 nm, respectively. Comparing with femtosecond laser processing of the same glass without doping, we find that the threshold fiuenee decreases and the ablation rate increases in resonant absorption in doped silicate glass. Resonant absorption effectively increases multiphoton ionization for seed-free electron generation, which in turn enhances avalanche ionization.