模拟微重力条件下C离子辐射对小鼠生殖器官的影响

探究模拟微重力条件下不同剂量C离子辐射对雄性动物生殖器官的急性影响, 以期了解空间环境辐射所致机体生殖系统的损伤。采用小鼠尾部悬吊模型地面模拟微重力状态1周后, 利用重离子加速器提供的C离子辐照处理, 检测了生殖器官脏器系数及精子密度、组织形态变化、DNA损伤以及细胞凋亡各项指标。结果表明, 微重力和C离子辐射均能引起睾丸损伤, 且1 Gy单纯辐照组中损伤最为严重。此外发现, 模拟微重力能够在一定程度上降低辐射诱导的损伤, 其内在机制有待于进一步的研究。In this paper it was investigated that the effect of modeled microgravity on the acute injury induced by low doses of carbon ions in the male reproductive organs of mice, assessing the risk associated with the space environments. In our study, outbred Kunming mice were stimulated in microgravity by tail suspension, and then were irradiated with the low doses of carbon ions diliuered by HIRFL, and measured the testis and epididymis coefficient, sperm number of epididymis, histological alterations, DNA strand breaks and cell apoptosis. The results demonstrated that carbon ions and stimulated microgravity could induce the damage in the present study. Moreover, most serious injury all occurred in the irradiation group. In addition, it was also found that the damage of the carbon ion irradiation combined microgravity group were lower than those of the irradiation group, while the related mechanism needs the further investigation.     

两种保护剂对C离子诱导小鼠急性肝损伤的应答

比较了N-乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)及乙酰左旋肉毒碱(ALCAR)对12C6+离子照射小鼠的损伤效应,并探讨了其可能的作用机制。利用4Gy剂量的12C6+离子束对预先给予NAC(100mg/kg)和ALCAR(100mg/kg)保护的昆明小鼠进行单次全身照射。随后检测肝组织中总抗氧化能力(TAC)、DNA单链断裂和细胞凋亡率。结果显示,与照射对照组相比,提前给予NAC和ALCAR均极显著地增强了肝组织的抗氧化能力(P0.001),减轻了12C6+离子导致的肝组织中DNA断裂(P0.001)和细胞凋亡(P0.001)。此外,还发现ALCAR组抗重离子辐照损伤的能力显著地高于NAC组(P0.05)。实验结果提示了NAC和ALCAR可通过抵御组织内的氧化胁迫,阻止DNA链的断裂和细胞的凋亡,实现对C离子辐照损伤的保护效应。而且ALCAR比NAC可能更适合成为有潜力、有希望的抗C重离子辐射药物。     

12C6+束辐照引起的实验猪皮肤急性损伤反应的研究

探讨了正常皮肤对重离子辐照急性损伤反应的耐受性, 为重离子治癌临床应用提供安全性检测的实验依据。实验前10 min, 实验猪肌肉注射复方氯胺酮1.2 mg/kg进行麻醉, 然后在兰州重离子研究装置（HIRFL）辐照终端利用12C6+束照射, 辐照剂量分别为0, 12, 21和27 Gy, 辐照分3次完成, 剂量率约为1.2 Gy/min, Bragg峰区照射, 辐照后每隔7 d对照射野拍照并活检取样, 做HE组织病理学观察。不同剂量12C6+离子束辐照实验猪皮肤后, 皮肤外观反应随辐照剂量增大而加快, 表现为肿胀和色素沉积等; 皮肤组织结构的变化明显, 上皮细胞排列紊乱、 萎缩、 空泡变性; 基本恢复正常所需时间也越长, 且都存在明显的剂量效应关系。结果表明, 辐照剂量范围为0—27 Gy时, 重离子对正常皮肤的辐照是安全的。The tolerance of the normal skin to the acute radiation injury reaction induced by heavy ion beams has been studied experimentally. The experimental pigs were injected with 1.2 mg/kg ketamine in 10 min before irradiation and were irradiated with 0, 12 , 21 and 27 Gy 12C6+ ion at a dose rate of 1.2 Gy/min at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou（HIRFL）. The total radiation dose was finished by 3 times at Bragg Peak Region of Heavy Ion Beams.The radiation fields of skin were taken photo and performed biopsy. The contaneous tissues of radiation fields were stained by HE and examined histopatholo gical changes every seven days after irradiation. The results indicated that the cutaneous appearance reaction became more faster with radiation dosage rising and presented with swollen, melanin forming and so on after irradiated by the carbon ions at different dosage. The Pathological examination showed noticeable changes in histological and structural of experimental pigs skin, such as atrophy, vacuolation, denaturation and arranged irregularly in epithelial cells. Furthermore, the time for return to normality became longer with the increasing of radiation dosage. All indexes demonstrated correlation between the does and effects. It is concluded that the irradiation of heavy ion beams to normal skin is security when the radiation dose range is about 0—27 Gy.