铝阳极氧化的多孔结构抑制二次电子发射的研究

针对空间大功率微波部件中的二次电子倍增效应影响微波部件性能的问题,基于铝阳极氧化产生大深宽比、高孔隙率均匀纳米级多孔结构的特性,结合蒸发镀银技术,提出一种有效降低表面二次电子发射系数的方法.结果表明,相比于未阳极氧化的铝样片,在不清洗样片的情况下(实际的样片表面都会存在吸附或沾污),测试得到二次电子发射系数曲线的第一能量交叉点E1从45 eV增加到77 eV,最大二次电子发射系数SEY_(max)从2.68减小到1.52;在清洗样片的情况下(清洗是为了去除吸附或沾污,获得理想的表面),测试得到第一能量交叉点E_1从40 eV增加到211 eV,最大二次电子发射系数SEY_(max)从2.55减小到1.36.为了验证本文所提方法对抑制空间大功率微波部件二次电子倍增效应的有效性,分别将获得的未阳极氧化和阳极氧化后的二次电子发射系数数据用于一个X频段阻抗变换器设计中,结果显示,使用本文所提方法后,阻抗变换器的微放电阈值从7000 W提高到125000 W.本文研究的方法不仅对解决空间大功率微波部件的微放电问题有指导意义,而且对真空电子器件、加速器等领域的研究也具有重要参考价值.     

电子辐照聚合物带电特性多参数共同作用的数值模拟

电子辐照聚合物样品的带电特性是扫描电子显微镜成像、电子束探针微分析以及空间器件辐照效应等领域的一个重要研究课题. 通过建立基于蒙特卡罗方法的电子散射和时域有限差分法的电子输运的数值模型, 并采用高效的多线程并行计算, 模拟了电子非透射辐照聚合物样品的带电特性, 得到了带电稳态下的样品底部泄漏电流密度、表面负电位以及样品总电荷密度等带电特征量受入射电子能量、入射电流密度、样品材料的电子迁移率、样品厚度等相关参数共同作用的影响. 结果表明, 一个参数的变化使表面负电位增强时, 其他参数对负电位的影响将增强. 样品的带电稳态特征量在同一个电流平衡的模式下受参数影响的变化是单调的. 当电流平衡模式发生变化时, 如在入射电子能量较低的条件下, 样品内部的总电荷量会随着样品厚度的增大而先增加后减小, 出现局部极大值. 样品底部的泄漏电流密度随着入射电流密度的增大而近线性成比例地增大. 研究结果对于揭示电子辐照聚合物的带电规律及微观机理、预测不同条件下的样品带电状态具有重要科学意义.     

Characteristics of secondary electron emission from few layer graphene on silicon (111) surface

As a typical two-dimensional (2D) coating material, graphene has been utilized to effectively reduce secondary electron emission from the surface. Nevertheless, the microscopic mechanism and the dominant factor of secondary electron emission suppression remain controversial. Since traditional models rely on the data of experimental bulk properties which are scarcely appropriate to the 2D coating situation, this paper presents the first-principles-based numerical calculations of the electron interaction and emission process for monolayer and multilayer graphene on silicon (111) substrate. By using the anisotropic energy loss for the coating graphene, the electron transport process can be described more realistically. The real physical electron interactions, including the elastic scattering of electron—nucleus, inelastic scattering of the electron—extranuclear electron, and electron—phonon effect, are considered and calculated by using the Monte Carlo method. The energy level transition theory-based first-principles method and the full Penn algorithm are used to calculate the energy loss function during the inelastic scattering. Variations of the energy loss function and interface electron density differences for 1 to 4 layer graphene coating GoSi are calculated, and their inner electron distributions and secondary electron emissions are analyzed. Simulation results demonstrate that the dominant factor of the inhibiting of secondary electron yield (SEY) of GoSi is to induce the deeper electrons in the internal scattering process. In contrast, a low surface potential barrier due to the positive deviation of electron density difference at monolayer GoSi interface in turn weakens the suppression of secondary electron emission of the graphene layer. Only when the graphene layer number is 3, does the contribution of surface work function to the secondary electron emission suppression appear to be slightly positive.     

Electron beam irradiation on novel coronavirus(COVID-19):A Monte-Carlo simulation

The novel coronavirus pneumonia triggered by COVID-19 is now raging the whole world.As a rapid and reliable killing COVID-19 method in industry,electron beam irradiation can interact with virus molecules and destroy their activity.With the unexpected appearance and quickly spreading of the virus,it is urgently necessary to figure out the mechanism of electron beam irradiation on COVID-19.In this study,we establish a virus structure and molecule model based on the detected gene sequence of Wuhan patient,and calculate irradiated electron interaction with virus atoms via a Monte Carlo simulation that track each elastic and inelastic collision of all electrons.The characteristics of irradiation damage on COVID-19,atoms’ionizations and electron energy losses are calculated and analyzed with regions.We simulate the different situations of incident electron energy for evaluating the influence of incident energy on virus damage.It is found that under the major protecting of an envelope protein layer,the inner RNA suffers the minimal damage.The damage for a^100-nm-diameter virus molecule is not always enhanced by irradiation energy monotonicity,for COVID-19,the irradiation electron energy of the strongest energy loss damage is 2 keV.     

大功率铁磁性微波部件微放电演变机理与抑制

铁氧体环行器是承载航天器微波系统大功率的关键器件,其大功率微放电效应是影响航天器在轨安全、可靠运行的瓶颈问题。从影响微放电效应的关键因素——二次电子发射特性出发,提出铁磁性微波部件微放电效应物理演变模型,揭示了铁磁性微波部件内部初始自由电子与二次电子运动的空间规律;通过改变铁磁性微波部件表面二次电子发射特性,揭示了铁磁性微波部件抗微放电优化设计的物理原理。在S频段铁氧体环行器中验证了基于表面二次电子发射特性的微放电效应抑制,将器件的微放电阈值从380 W提高至3400 W以上,提升效率大于900%。