Spin determination by in-plane angular correlation analysis in various coordinate systems

In the excitation of the resonant state followed by the sequential cluster-decay,the in-plane angular correlation method is usually employed to determine the spin of the mother nucleus.However,the correlation pattern exhibited in a two-dimensional angular-correlation spectrum depends on the selected coordinate system.In particular,the parity-symmetric and axial-symmetric processes should be presented in a way to enhance the correlation pattern,whereas the non-symmetric process should be plotted separately to reduce the background.In this study,three coordinate systems previously adopted for correlation patterns in the literature are described and compared to each other.The consistency among these systems is evaluated based on the experimental data analysis for the 10.29-MeV state in ~(18) O.A spin-parity of 4~+ is obtained for all three coordinate systems.     

Investigation of the near-threshold cluster resonance in ~(14)C

An experiment for p(~(14)C,~(14)C~*→~(10)Be+α)p inelastic excitation and decay was performed in inverse kinematics at a beam energy of 25.3 Me V/u.A series of~(14)C excited states,including a new one at 18.3(1)Me V,were observed which decay to various states of the final nucleus of~(10)Be.A specially designed telescope system,installed around zero degrees,played an essential role in detecting the resonant states near theα-separation threshold.A state at 14.1(1)Me V is clearly identified,being consistent with the predicted band-head of the molecular rotational band characterized by theπ-bond linear chain configuration.Further clarification of the properties of this exotic state is suggested by using appropriate reaction tools.     

北京大学核物理学科近十几年的几件事

北京大学物理学科100周年之际，徐仁新老师来电话说，要给《物理》杂志写一些回忆性的文章；除了早些年的历史之外，最好也有点近些年的内容。我本人应该说远不具备写“回忆”的资格，但为了“填补”一个时间段，也只好勉强为之。而我印象最深的，还是涉及核物理学科的几件事情。     

硅探测器的数字化脉冲形状甄别

介绍了利用硅探测器的脉冲形状甄别进行粒子鉴别的原理。详细叙述了基于数字化方法的脉冲形状甄别的实现。采样频率和位数是数字化方法的两个重要参数。对于硅探测器信号，采用100 MS/s，12 bit的Digitizer可以满足脉冲形状甄别法对时间分辨的要求。同时对该方法粒子鉴别的特征和能量阈值做了简要的分析和对比。粒子背面入射硅探测器的所得的阈值低于正面入射的情况。例如对于氖周围的同位素，背面入射情况的阈值约为100 MeV，为正面入射情况下鉴别阈值的二分之一，相当与ΔE-E方法中ΔE探测器厚度约为60 μm情况下的阈值。最后定性讨论了硅探测器的电阻率不均匀性和沟道效应对粒子鉴别性能的影响。In this paper Pulse Shape Discrimination(PSD) for silicon detector has been briefly introduced. The emerging digital method successfully applied to detector signal processing makes digital PSD method one of the most promising particle identification methods. Sampling frequency and the number of bits are two key parameters of digital method. For silicon detector signal, adopting 100 Ms/s, 12 bit Digitizer can satisfy the time resolution requirement of PSD method. The identification characteristic and energy threshold of this method have been discussed and compared with both front injection and rear injection cases. Energy threshold with rear injection usually is much lower than that with front injection. For example, around for Neon isotope energy threshold with rear injection is about 100 MeV which is only half of the threshold with front injection, also equivalent to thickness of about 60 μm silicon detector threshold in ΔE-E method. At the end the impact of silicon detector's resistivity nonuniformity and channel effect on the identification capacity of PSD method has been discussed in detail.     

New test and analysis of position-sensitive-silicon-detector

We have tested and analyzed the properties of two-dimensional Position-Sensitive-silicon-Detector （PSD） with new integrated preamplifiers. The test demonstrates that the best position resolution for 5.5 MeV α particles is 1.7 mm （FWHM）, and the best energy resolution is 2.1%, which are notably better than the previously reported results. A scaling formula is introduced to make the absolute position calibration.     

Structure change of 156Yb at high-spin states

High-spin states of ¹⁵⁶Yb have been studied via the ¹⁴⁴Sm(¹⁶O,4n)¹⁵⁶Yb fusion-evaporation reaction at beam energy 102~MeV. The positive-parity yrast band and negative-parity cascade have been extended up to higher-spin states, respectively. The characteristics of the negative-parity sequence above the 25^－ state may related to the excitation from the nucleon in the Z=64, N=82 core. The E-GOS curve for the positive-parity yrast sequence in ¹⁵⁶Yb indicate that this nucleus may undergo an evolution from quasivibrational to quasirotational structure with increasing angular momentum. The Cranked Woods-Saxon-Strutinsky calculations by means of Total-Routhian-Surface (TRS) methods has been made to understand this structure change.     

中能质子引起散裂反应的碎片质量分布研究

对SHIELD程序进行了部分检验, 利用SHIELD程序计算质子入射铅的薄靶产生的靶碎片的截面及质量分布和激发函数, 计算结果较好地再现了实验数据. 并计算了1.6 GeV的质子轰击长 60 cm 和直径20 cm的铅靶的碎片质量分布.     

β-delayed neutron decay of 21N

The β-delayed neutron and γ spectra of neutron-rich nucleus ²¹N using β-γ and β-n coincidence measurements were presented in this paper. Thirteen new neutron groups ranging from 0.28 MeV to 4.98 MeV and with a total branching ratio 88.7±4.2% were observed. One γ transition among the excited states of ²¹O, and four γ transitions among the excited states of ²⁰O were identified in the β decay chain of ²¹N. The ungated half-life of 83.8±2.1 ms was also determined for ²¹N.     

放射性核束物理与核天体物理

基于兰州重离子加速器国家实验室 (HIRFL )的中能放射性核束线 (RIBLL)及北京串列加速器国家实验室 (HI- 1 3 )的低能放射性核束线 (GIRAFFE) ,开展放射性核束物理和核天体物理研究 ,拟解决的关键科学问题是 :远离β稳定线核的结构与反应 ;超重新核素及近滴线核素的合成和性质研究 ,极端同位旋非对称核物质特性和关键的天体核反应研究 .研究内容分成 7个课题 :(1 )晕核研究 ;(2 )新核素合成及超重新核素研究 ;(3 )丰中子核结构和反应 ;(4)丰质子核结构和反应 ;(5 )高自旋的同位旋相关性 ;(6 )关键天体核反应 ;(7)系统的理论研究 .上述研究也将是2005年建成的国家大科学工程——兰州冷却贮存环的主要科学目标的研究基础 .简述了近期的主要工作进展. Based on the intermediate energy radioactive Ion Beam Line in Lanzhou (RIBLL) of Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL) and Low Energy Radioactive Ion Beam Line (GIRAFFE) of Beijing National Tandem Accelerator Lab (HI-13) the radioactive ion beam physics and nuclear astrophysics will be researched in detail. The key scientific problems which will be researched as high priority are: the nuclear structure and reaction for nucleus far from β-stability line; the syntheses...     

50MeV/A~(12)C轰击~(197)和~(209)Bi核的线动量转移

用裂变碎片折叠角技术测得50MeV/A~(12)C轰击~(197)Au和~(209)Bi靶的线性动量转移分布,得到每个~(12)C核核子线动量转移的最可几值与靶核相关,其值分别为184和173MeV/c。在线动量转移分布中,0.3附近有一小的突起,似乎可以认为是相应于弹核的α集团转移。