With the development of device engineering and molecular design,organic field effect transistors(OFETs)with high mobility over 10 cm2 V-1-s-1 have been reported.However,the nonideal doubleslope effect has been frequently observed in some of these OFETs,which makes it difficult to extract the intrinsic mobility OFETs accurately,impeding the further application of them.In this review,the origin of the nonideal double-slope effect has been discussed thoroughly,with affecting factors such as contact resistance,charge trapping,disorder effects and coulombic interactions considered.According to these discussions and the understanding of the mechanism behind double-slope effect,several strategies have been proposed to realize ideal OFETs,such as doping,molecular engineering,charge trapping reduction,and contact engineering.After that,some novel devices based on the nonideal double-slope behaviors have been also introduced. 相似文献
SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) has been causing an outbreak of a new type of pneumonia globally, and repeated outbreaks have already appeared. Among the studies on the spread of the COVID-19, few studies have investigated the repeated outbreaks in stages, and the quantitative condition of a controllable spread has not been revealed. In this paper, a brief compartmental model is developed. The effective reproduction number (ERN) of the model is interpreted by the ratio of net newly infectious individuals to net isolation infections to assess the controllability of the spread of COVID-19. It is found that the value of the ERN at the inflection point of the pandemic is equal to one. The effectiveness of the quarantine, even the treatment, is parametrized in various stages with Gompertz functions to increase modeling accuracy. The impacts of the vaccinations are discussed by adding a vaccinated compartment. The results show that the sufficient vaccinations can make the inflection point appear early and significantly reduce subsequent increases in newly confirmed cases. The analysis of the ERNs of COVID-19 in the United States, Spain, France, and Peru confirms that the condition of a repeated outbreak is to relax or lift the interventions related to isolation and quarantine interventions to a level where the ERN is greater than one.
In this paper,we explore two conjectures about Rademacher sequences.Let(εi)be a Rademacher sequence,i.e.,a sequence of independent{-1,1}-valued symmetric random variables.Set Sn=aiε1+…+anεn for a=(a1,…,an)∈Rn.The first con.jecture says that P(|Sn|≤‖a‖)>1/2 for all a∈Rn and n∈N.The second conjecture says that P(|Sn|>‖a‖)≥7/32 for all a∈Rn and n∈N.Regarding the first conjecture,we present several new equivalent formulations.These include a topological view,a combinatorial version and a strengthened version of the conjecture.Regarding the second conjecture,we prove that it holds true when n<7. 相似文献
Journal of Fluorescence - Although carbon dots (CDs) as fluorescent sensors have been widely exploited, multi-component detection using CDs without tedious surface modification is always a... 相似文献
Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - Enhancement of U(VI) biomineralization by Saccharomyces cerevisiae through addition of inorganic phosphorus was studied in this work. The addition... 相似文献
Chinese Journal of Polymer Science - The emerging chemical recyclable polymers, such as poly(γ-butyrolactone) (PGBL) and poly((R)-3,4-trans six-membered ring-fused GBL) (P((R)-M)), provide a... 相似文献
The isomerism of glucaric acids and the complexity of the composition of Leonurus japonicus Houtt. increased the difficulty of the separation of glucaric acids from the herb. In the present study, three glucaric acids were isolated from Leonurus japonicus Houtt. by using high-speed countercurrent chromatography combined with semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. Cation exchange resin chromatography was applied to remove the alkaloids and enrich the glucaric acid fractions. Preliminary separation of the glucaric acid extract by high-speed countercurrent chromatography was carried out at 45℃ by using an optimized solvent system of ethyl acetate/n-butanol/formic acid/water (1:1:0.01:2, v/v/v/v) with satisfied stationary phase retention and separation factor. The semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography was used for further separation and purification of the target fractions, and three monomeric compounds were obtained with purities of 90.0, 91.0, and 95.3%. UV spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry were employed to identify their structures, which were assigned as 2-syringyl glucaric acid, 2,4-disyringyl glucaric acid, and 3,4-disyringyl glucaric acid, respectively, and 2,4-disyringyl glucaric acid was reported for the first time. 相似文献