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1.
Protein hydrolysates have the potential to be natural and safer sources of bioactive peptides. In this study, two proteases were used to hydrolyze Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) protein, and the hydrolysates were then purified to yield antioxidant peptides. The degree of hydrolysis of 23.56 % and 18.14 % was obtained using papain and alcalase 2.4L, respectivly, and hydrolysates had 96.80 % and 87.24 % total amino acid content, respectivly. The papain hydrolysate (PH) and alcalase 2.4L hydrolysate (AH) showed good antioxidant activity against DPPH? (IC50 of 3.64 and 3.15 mg/mL) and ABTS?+ (IC50 of 1.92 and 1.58 mg/mL), respectively. The low-molecular-weight (<1000 Da) fraction of both hydrolysates demonstrated the highest antiradical activity (IC50 of 2.59 and 2.31 mg/mL, DPPH) and (IC50 of 1.54 and 1.36 mg/mL, ABTS), respectively. Nine peptides were separated from both hydrolysates using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The IC50 for ABTS?+ scavenging activity of peptide P5 with valine, glycine and asparagine (MW of 282.13 Da) from PH, and peptide P3 with histidine, glycine and alanine (MW of 302.74 Da) from AH was 0.89 and 0.72 mg/mL, respectively. The fractions and purified peptides obtained from Chinese sturgeon hydrolysates could be utilized as natural antioxidant substitutes in pharmaceuticals and food products.  相似文献   
2.
Yinlan lipid regulatory capsule (YL) is a composite traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) new drug to alleviate hyperlipidemia, while its therapeutic mechanism in vivo was not clarified with nontargeted metabolomics investigation. An animal model was established in rats fed a high-fat diet, and their body weights, body mass index (BMI) and blood cholesterol levels were measured. Serum, liver and kidney tissue samples were also extracted for PXR-CYP3A4-ABCB1-FXR signaling pathway research using PCR and UHPLC–MS. The obtained plasma samples were analyzed by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS metabolomic investigation, which revealed PXR-CYP3A4-related metabolites and changes induced by YL. Finally, the key metabolites were chosen as index components, and their levels in the serum, liver, small intestine and bile were used for simultaneous UHPLC–MS-MS determination. The results indicated that YL was effective in rebalancing blood TG and TC levels (compared to controls). With respect to the PXR-CYP3A4-ABCB1 pathway, as a result of YL’s effect, gene expression or activity of the two targets decreased significantly in both the liver and kidney. The same trend was observed in the serum samples mentioned above. Metabolomics screening and data revealed that 44 metabolites can be regarded as biomarkers related to hyperlipidemia, fatty acids synthesis, and body energy consumption, as well as synthesis, transportation and exertion of cholesterol. YL’s treatment focused on 26 of them, primarily bile acids, indicating that the antihyperlipidemic effect of this drug lies in its inhibitory activity of cholesterol metabolism. Subsequent analysis of those in vivo components revealed that significant increases (compared to the model group) occurred in the blood, liver, small intestine and bile in groups that received medium and high doses of YL (while the low dose was relatively unchanged). Those target components exhibit a close relationship with PXR and/or CYP3A4. The use of YL repressed PXR expression and subsequently decreased CYP3A4 activity. As a result, synthesis of related bile acids increased, while cholesterol levels decreased, consequently leading to the attenuation of hyperlipidemia. This study comprehensively investigated the antihyperlipidemia mechanism of YL based on its repression of PXR-CYP3A4 activity and related metabolite yield, establishing an accurate method for evaluating the therapeutic effect of YL.  相似文献   
3.
In this paper, the problem of large amplitude dust acoustic (DA) solitons has been addressed in a charge varying dusty plasma with ions following a Cairns-Gurevich distribution. Based on the orbit motion limited approach, the correct Cairns-Gurevich ion charging current is presented for the first time. The expression relating the variable dust charge to the plasma potential is given in terms of the Lambert function and we take advantage of this transcendental function to, carefully, analyse DA solitons in a charge varying dusty plasma with trapped nonthermal ions. Our results show that the spatial patterns of the variable charge solitary wave are significantly changed due to the presence of ion population modelled by the Cairns-Gurevich distribution. An addition of a small concentration of trapped nonthermal ions makes the solitary structure less spiky, grows the net negative charge residing on the dust grain surface, and contributes to the electron depletion. Finally, our investigation is extended to highlight the effect of the grain dust charge variation. We have shown that under certain conditions, the impact of dust charge fluctuation may furnish an alternate physical mechanism rasing anomalous dissipation, which becomes more strong and may predominate over the dispersion as the nonthermal character of ions following the Cairns-Gurevich distribution increases.  相似文献   
4.
汉防己甲素是防己科千金藤属植物粉防己中分离提取的双苄基异喹啉类生物碱,已作为临床药物用于抗风湿及阵痛、抗肺癌、抗矽肺。基于粉防己产量的限制及汉防己甲素的需求量增加,深入开展汉防己甲素的全合成研究势在必行。本文按照合成策略,对汉防己甲素的全合成方法进行了综述。   相似文献   
5.
There are marine cytotoxic bromotriterpenoids, named the thyrsiferol family that are structurally characterized by some tetrahydropyran (THP) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) rings. The thyrsiferol family belongs to natural products that are often difficult to determine their stereostructures even by the current, highly advanced spectroscopic methods, especially in acyclic systems including stereogenic tetrasubstituted carbon centers. In such cases, it is effective to predict and synthesize the possible stereostructures. Herein, to elucidate ambiguous stereostructures and unassigned absolute configurations of aplysiol B, laurenmariannol, and saiyacenol A, members of the thyrsiferol family, we carried out their asymmetric chemical syntheses featuring 6-exo and 5-exo oxacyclizations of epoxy alcohol precursors and 6-endo bromoetherification of a bishomoallylic alcohol. In this paper, we report total assignments of their stereostructures through their asymmetric chemical syntheses and also their preliminary cytotoxic activities against some tumor cells. These results could not have been achieved without depending on asymmetric total synthesis.  相似文献   
6.
文中证明了有限预序集与有限偏序集的一些性质,并基于有限集上的拓扑和其上预序的一一对应关系,利用这些性质通过对极小元和极大元个数进行分类讨论,以一种有别于计算机算法而又容易理解的计算方法得出6元素集合上的T0拓扑总数为130023.  相似文献   
7.
The first total synthesis of resveratrone and iso-resveratrone based on an epoxide olefination approach is described. The pivotal reaction proceeds by insertion of the lithiated epoxide into a boronic ester and subsequent syn-elimination. Resveratrone has been described to have remarkable photophysical properties, including two-photon absorption. Therefore, an azide derivative has been prepared to allow for use as a biological label.  相似文献   
8.
随着第四代反应堆以及先进核能利用系统的发展,对中子核数据提出了高精度、多核素、宽能区的新要求.目前,中国核数据评价库(CENDL库)中相关核裂变的数据较缺失,不足以满足当前核能发展的需求.因此,建立面向中子核数据需求的可靠计算方法和工具变得极为重要.本文基于Monte-Carlo方法建立了裂变碎片质量动能计算模型,研究了中低能中子诱发232Th(n,f)反应发射中子前裂变碎片的分布特性.对于裂变碎片质量分布,本模型计算结果与实验值最大偏差约1%,与GEF, TALYS程序计算结果 (与实验值最大偏差约2%)相比具有一定优势.对于发射中子前裂变碎片动能分布,本模型计算结果与实验数据一致.结果表明,所发展的计算模型能够较好地预测232Th(n,f)反应发射中子前裂变碎片数据,为中子诱发锕系核裂变反应计算提供一种新思路.  相似文献   
9.
为探索锗硅异质结双极晶体管(SiGe HBT)总剂量效应的损伤机理,采用半导体器件三维模拟工具(TCAD),建立电离辐照总剂量效应损伤模型,分析比较电离辐射在SiGe HBT不同氧化层结构的不同位置引入陷阱电荷缺陷后,器件正向Gummel特性和反向Gummel特性的退化特征,获得SiGe HBT总剂量效应损伤规律,并与60Coγ辐照实验进行对比.结果表明:总剂量辐照在SiGe HBT器件中引入的氧化物陷阱正电荷主要在pn结附近的Si/SiO2界面处产生影响,引起pn结耗尽区的变化,带来载流子复合增加,最终导致基极电流增大、增益下降;其中EB Spacer氧化层中产生的陷阱电荷主要影响正向Gummel特性,而LOCOS隔离氧化层中的陷阱电荷则是造成反向Gummel特性退化的主要因素.通过数值模拟分析获得的SiGe HBT总剂量效应损伤规律与不同偏置下60Coγ辐照实验的结论符合得较好.  相似文献   
10.
The present study optimised the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of bioactive compounds from Amaranthus hypochondriacus var. Nutrisol. Influence of temperature (25.86–54.14 °C) and ultrasonic power densities (UPD) (76.01–273.99 mW/mL) on total betalains (BT), betacyanins (BC), betaxanthins (BX), total polyphenols (TP), antioxidant activity (AA), colour parameters (L*, a*, and b*), amaranthine (A), and isoamaranthine (IA) were evaluated using response surface methodology. Moreover, betalain extraction kinetics and mass transfer coefficients (KLa) were determined for each experimental condition. BT, BC, BX, TP, AA, b*, KLa, and A were significantly affected (p < 0.05) by temperature extraction and UPD, whereas L*, a*, and IA were only affected (p < 0.05) by temperature. All response models were significantly validated with regression coefficients (R2) ranging from 87.46 to 99.29%. BT, A, IA, and KLa in UAE were 1.38, 1.65, 1.50, and 29.93 times higher than determined using conventional extraction, respectively. Optimal UAE conditions were obtained at 41.80 °C and 188.84 mW/mL using the desired function methodology. Under these conditions, the experimental values for BC, BX, BT, TP, AA, L*, a*, b*, KLa, A, and IA were closely related to the predicted values, indicating the suitability of the developed quadratic models. This study proposes a simple and efficient UAE method to obtain betalains and polyphenols with high antioxidant activity, which can be used in several applications within the food industry.  相似文献   
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