Formulation of commons dilemma: Dawes model reconsidered

This paper examines Dawes (1975) model on commons dilemma (CD) situation and proposes an alternative model which formulates CD. Firstly, it makes clear that Dawes model does not have the characteristics of CD. Secondly, it specifies “resource unit condition” which models of commons dilemma must satisfy. Thirdly, it presents CD model, which is obtained by setting the condition in Dawes model. And lastly, it examines some nature of the proposed model and find that in CD situation, fine is distributed proportionally to each player's property.     

自我控制回报的创新性溢价

基于产品创新性之间的选择无差异性,诱导出产品创新性-价格均衡机制,给出作为自我控制回报的创新性溢价,并分析其对资本回报率和规模报酬的影响;进一步分析了创新性溢价对产品创新性分布的影响,并探讨市场最低准入创新性对创新性溢价的影响;最后,分析与比较了自我控制成本变化和动态诱惑下的创新性溢价.给出高创新性产品超额收益率的理论来源,为大规模投资提供了基于均衡的动力机制;同时解释了不同市场间持久存在的产品价格差异,为发展中国家相对较多的山寨与假冒高创新性高质量产品的行为提供了新的分析框架.