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排序方式: 共有429条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Xiaoshuang Luo Xinxian Qin Zhengyi Liu Dan Chen Weiwei Yu Kankan Zhang Deyu Hu 《Biomedical chromatography : BMC》2020,34(1):e4694
A simple and rapid analytical method for the detection of trifloxystrobin, trifloxystrobin acid and tebuconazole in soil, brown rice, paddy plants and rice hulls was established and validated by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Acceptable linearity (R2 > 0.99), accuracy (average recoveries of 74.3–108.5%) and precision (intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations of 0.9–8.8%) were obtained using the developed determination approach. In the field trial, the half-lives of trifloxystrobin and tebuconazole in paddy plants were 5.7–8.3 days in three locations throughout China, and the terminal residue concentrations of trifloxystrobin and tebuconazole were <100 and 500 μg/kg (maximum residue limits set by China), respectively, at harvest, which indicated that, based on the recommended application procedure, trifloxystrobin and tebuconazole are safe for use on rice. The risk assessment results demonstrated that, owing to risk quotient values of both fungicides being <100%, the potential risk of trifloxystrobin and tebuconazole on rice was acceptable for Chinese consumers. These data could provide supporting information for the proper use and safety evaluation of trifloxystrobin and tebuconazole in rice. 相似文献
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该文提出了一种基于太赫兹时域光谱的水稻种子模式识别方法。实验以10种不同品牌混合掺假的水稻种子为样本,基于采集的样本太赫兹时域光谱数据,通过建立Relief、随机森林(RF)、支持向量机递归特征消除(SVM-RFE)和最大相关最小冗余(mRMR)模型分别对样本光谱波长进行特征选择,最后设计分类器对4种特征选择方法处理后的样本进行分类识别。结果表明,基于布谷鸟算法(CS)优化的极限学习机模型对经RF特征选择算法提取后的样本光谱数据具有最佳识别效果,其准确率可达100%,实验对于法庭科学领域内种子的掺假鉴定具有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
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Felix Unglaube Hanan Atia Stephan Bartling Carsten R. Kreyenschulte Esteban Mejía 《Helvetica chimica acta》2023,106(2):e202200167
The synthesis of primary alcohols (from olefins) is an important and challenging transformation, as most of the current methods suffer from regioselectivity issues. This work describes the utilization of rice husk (RH) from agricultural waste as support for the preparation of a catalyst for the conversion of olefin oxides to primary alcohols. The catalyst was synthesized by pyrolysis of RH impregnated with nickel, and characterized by IR, AAS, XRD, BET, XPS, TEM, and TPD technics. The catalyst shows excellent activity and selectivity towards anti-Markovnikov alcohols, acting simultaneously as Brønsted acid, solid Lewis acid, and as hydrogenation catalyst. A substrate screening was done, the catalyst's recycling stability was assessed, and a plausibly reaction mechanism was proposed. 相似文献
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《Journal of Saudi Chemical Society》2022,26(2):101439
Pyrolysis of rice straw (RS), a popular method for producing biochar, effectively treats heavy metal(loid)-contaminated RS. Here, we carried out this process at different temperatures and investigated the deportment of heavy metal(loid)s and the property evolution of biochars. Also, the optimal pyrolysis temperature for Pb adsorption and immobilization was studied. We observed that increasing the temperature could volatilize the heavy metal(loid)s. Cd was the most volatile metal therein, followed by As, while Ni, Cu, and Pb were relatively refractory. More than 75% of the remaining heavy metal(loid)s were non-exchangeable fractions at 700 °C, significantly reducing the environmental risk during subsequent application. Meanwhile, higher pyrolysis temperature resulted in higher pH values, higher surface areas, and stronger Pb adsorption capacity of RS biochars. The maximum adsorption capacity (Qm) of biochars was in the order of BC300 (77.2 mg·g?1) < BC500 (137.2 mg·g?1) < BC700 (222.6 mg·g?1). Besides, high-temperature biochar could significantly reduce the vertical Pb migration. And BC700 increased the fraction of residual Pb from 39.7% to 44.0% in the soil under the acid rain leaching condition. Therefore, we propose that the heavy metal(loid)-contaminated RS biochar produced at 700 °C might be more suitable for the remediation of soil heavily polluted in the Pb-smelting area. 相似文献
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为考察不同消解方法的优缺点以及对不同基质样品(沉积物和大米)Cd同位素组成的影响,该文采用干法灰化法、酸提取法、微波消解法和高温高压密闭消解法等消解方法对水系沉积物(GSD)进行消解处理,比较了不同消解方法对沉积物Cd同位素组成测定的影响。随后使用微波消解法和高温高压密闭消解法对大米标准物质以及实际大米样品进行了消解。结果表明:高温高压密闭消解法所获得的沉积物Cd同位素测试结果在国内外文献报道的参考值范围内,能够满足同位素测定要求。而使用干法灰化法和酸提取法消解样品时,由于存在元素损失或消解不完全,标准物质Cd元素的回收率偏低(低至72.8%),导致同位素测试结果显著偏离真实值(Δ114/110Cd值最大偏差达0.24‰)。微波消解法处理标准物质Cd元素的回收率在96.6%~98.8%范围内,且同位素测试结果与高温高压密闭消解法结果吻合良好(Δ114/110Cd≤±0.04‰),表明微波消解法可以满足沉积物Cd同位素的测定要求,能够获得准确的Cd同位素组成数据。对大米标准物质和实际大米样品进行消解,所获得的Cd同位素测试结果与上述沉积物样品结果相同(Δ114/110Cd≤±0.04‰),进一步验证了微波消解法的可靠性,证实微波消解法可用于沉积物及植物样品(大米)Cd同位素分析的快速消解。 相似文献
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利用1,3,6,8-四(4-醛基)芘和三聚氰胺为单体合成微孔有机聚合物(MOP),并将其固定在不锈钢丝上,制备成固相微萃取纤维涂层。将其用于顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME),结合气相色谱-电子捕获检测手段,建立了对大米中有机氯农药的在线检测方法。实验考察了4种实验参数对富集能力的影响,得到了最优的实验条件:萃取温度80℃、萃取时间25 min、NaCl质量浓度200 g/L、解吸时间6 min。在此实验条件下,对有机氯农药的富集倍数达到115~318倍。方法在0.05~50μg/kg范围内具有良好的线性关系,检出限为2.4~11.3 ng/kg。同一纤维及不同纤维富集后测定结果的相对标准偏差范围分别为1.3%~13.1%和2.3%~13.6%。该方法简单、快速,可以实现对实际样品中有机氯农药的痕量分析。 相似文献
9.
Hyung Suk Chung Sung-Woo Kim Han Sol Lee Md. Musfiqur Rahman Md. Humayun Kabir 《International journal of environmental analytical chemistry》2017,97(2):99-111
The present study was carried out to develop an analytical method for simultaneously detecting and quantifying sulfoxaflor and its metabolites (X11721061, X11719474) in brown rice and rice straw using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. The parent compound and its metabolites were extracted and purified using original ‘QuEChERS’ method with modification. The matrix-matched calibration curve of sulfoxaflor and its metabolites in both matrices achieved good linearity with determination coefficients (R2) ≥0.9944. The overall recoveries of sulfoxaflor at two fortification levels (rice: 0.2 and 1.0 mg/kg; rice straw: 0.4 and 2.0 mg/kg) ranged from 97.37% to 107.71% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) <5%. On the other hand, the recoveries of both metabolites (X11721061 and X11719474) at 0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg (rice) and 0.2 and 1.0 mg/kg (rice straw) were satisfactory with values ranging from 83.70 % to 112.60% with RSDs <8%. During storage at ?20°C, the analyte and its metabolites were stable for up to 87 days. The limits of quantification of 0.02 mg/kg were lower than the maximum residue limit (0.2 mg/kg) set by the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety for brown rice. The method was successfully applied to paddy field treated with different programme schedules and a preharvest interval of 7 days was proposed based upon the current study. In sum, the developed method is accurate and reproducible for ensuring the reliable determination of sulfoxaflor (and its metabolites) in harvested rice grain and straw samples from the field. The residual level of parent compound does not seem to pose any hazardous effect and treated rice could be safely used for consumption. 相似文献
10.
建立了利用高效液相色谱-串联质谱结合混合型阴离子交换固相萃取柱测定稻米中3种谷维素(环木菠萝烯醇阿魏酸酯(CA-FA)、24-亚甲基环木菠萝烯醇阿魏酸酯(24MCA-FA)和菜油甾醇阿魏酸酯(Camp-FA))含量的分析方法。实验通过优化3种谷维素的多反应监测(MRM)质谱参数,比较了在不同流动相中的分离度以及响应强度,同时考察了不同提取条件、净化条件对3种谷维素提取率和净化效果的影响,再结合外标法定量,实现了对稻米中3种谷维素的定量分析。实验结果表明,采用5 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液为流动相A,甲醇∶乙腈=1∶1(v/v)为流动相B,梯度洗脱,3种谷维素在Agilent Eclipse XDB-C8色谱柱(150 mm×2.1 mm,3.5μm)上基本分离且响应强度和峰形最佳;提取条件经正交实验优化后可得:料液比为1∶20(g/mL)、提取溶剂为甲醇、浸泡时间为12 h、超声温度为40℃以及超声时间为20 min时,3种谷维素提取率最高;对混合型阴离子交换固相萃取柱的上样溶剂以及洗脱溶剂优化后,样品基质效应为1.6%~10.8%。在各优化条件下,3种谷维素在各自的线性范围内线性良好,相关系数(r2)均≥0.9983,检出限(LOD)为0.5~1.0μg/L,定量限(LOQ)为2.0~3.5μg/L。在稻米样品本底浓度2、5和10倍的加标水平下3种谷维素的平均回收率为86.1%~110.6%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.9%~3.2%。该方法可快速准确测定稻米中3种谷维素的含量,为后续稻米中谷维素类化合物测定及鉴定奠定基础。 相似文献