Reflectance and ultraviolet spectroscopy: predicting the relative growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in pine biomass

Ultrasound treatment favors enzymatic attack on vegetal materials and influences biological activity. The objective of this study was to develop substrates for Saccharomyces cerevisiae based on the hydrothermal treatment and ultrasound treatment of pine needle biomass. The samples subjected to ultrasound treatment at 550?°C and 650?°C showed higher reflectance bands at around 200?nm after 80?min of ultrasound treatment and lower band gap energies associated with lower IC₃₀ values. The hydrothermal treatment with 100?min of ultrasound treatment generated more promising materials for the use of the substrates with the eukaryotic model S. cerevisiae.     

Dayaolingzhiols A−E,AchE inhibitory meroterpenoids from Ganoderma lucidum

Ganoderma mushrooms are widely used as effective medicines for treating and preventing chronic diseases. In this study, five new meroterpenoids, dayaolingzhiols A (1) and B (2) featuring a 6/6/6 ring system, dayaolingzhiols C?E (3–5) harboring a γ-lactone motif, along with eight known ones (6–13), were purified from G. lucidum. To clarify their chemical structures, spectroscopic and ECD and OR computational methods were used. In addition, the inhibition of all the new meroterpenoids against AChE was evaluated, disclosing that (+)-4 and (±)-5 possess potent AChE inhibitory activities with respective IC₅₀ values of 8.52?±?1.90?μM and 7.37?±?0.52?μM.     

Bioactivity-Guided Isolation of Phytochemicals from Vaccinium dunalianum Wight and Their Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities

Vaccinium dunalianum Wight, usually processed as a traditional folk tea beverage, is widely distributed in the southwest of China. The present study aimed to investigate the antioxidant, α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities of V. dunalianum extract and isolate the bioactive components. In this study, the crude extract (CE) from the buds of V. dunalianum was prepared by the ultrasound-assisted extraction method in 70% methanol and then purified with macroporous resin D101 to obtain the purified extract (PM). Five fractions (Fr. A–E) were further obtained by MPLC column (RP-C18). Bioactivity assays revealed that Fr. B with 40% methanol and Fr. D with 80% methanol had better antioxidant with 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.62 ± 0.01 nM Trolox equivalent (TE)/mg extract for DPPH, 0.87 ± 0.02 and 1.58 ± 0.02 nM TE/mg extract for FRAP, 14.42 ± 0.41 and 19.25 ± 0.23 nM TE/mg extract for ABTS, and enzyme inhibitory effects with IC₅₀ values of 95.21 ± 2.21 and 74.55 ± 3.85 for α-glucosidase, and 142.53 ± 11.45 and 128.76 ± 13.85 µg/mL for pancreatic lipase. Multivariate analysis indicated that the TPC and TFC were positively related to the antioxidant activities. Further phytochemical purification led to the isolation of ten compounds (1–10). 6-O-Caffeoylarbutin (7) showed significant inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase enzymes with values of 38.38 ± 1.84 and 97.56 ± 7.53 µg/mL, and had the highest antioxidant capacity compared to the other compounds.     

Lipoxygenase inhibitory activity of Cuspidaria pulchra and isolated compounds

This work evaluated the in vitro inhibitory activity of the crude ethanolic extract from the aerial parts of Cuspidaria pulchra (Cham.) L.G. Lohmann against 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX). The bioassay-guided fractionation of the n-butanol fraction, which displayed the highest activity, led to the isolation of three compounds: caffeoylcalleryanin (1), verbascoside (2) and 6-hydroxyluteolin-7-O-β-glucoside (3). Assessment of the ability of the isolated compounds to inhibit 15-LOX revealed that compounds 1, 2 and 3 exerted strong 15-LOX inhibitory activity; IC₅₀ values were 1.59, 1.76 and 2.35 μM respectively. The XTT assay showed that none of the isolated compounds seemed to be significantly toxic.     

On the structure of the automorphism group of certain automorphic loop

Automorphic loops, or A-loops, are loops in which all inner mappings are automorphisms. We investigated A-loops arising from a Lie algebra and describe their automorphism group. Also, we identify and describe their inner mapping group.     

Linear representations of formal loops

A representation of an object in a category is an abelian group in the corresponding comma category. In this paper, we derive the formulas describing linear representations of objects in the category of formal loops and formal loop homomorphisms and apply them to obtain a new approach to the representation theory of formal Moufang loops and Malcev algebras based on Moufang elements. Certain ‘non-associative Moufang symmetry’ of groups is revealed.     

基于LSTM的浮选钼精矿品位软测量模型

战略性稀有金属钼矿品位低,组分复杂、嵌布粒度细等特点,其有价金属分离回收难。浮选作为微细粒钼矿分离回收的主要选矿方法之一,其浮选钼精矿品位一直是选厂的关键性产品指标。国内大多数选厂采取轮班制采样,人工化验得到精矿品位结果,但此方式严重滞后于浮选工艺,难以满足对生产过程进行实时监测和操作指导。LSTM是一种特殊的循环神经网络,引入门机制有效的传递或选择性遗忘长时间序列中的信息,解决RNN中的长期依赖、梯度消失和爆炸问题。本文分析整理东坡选厂中各平台源数据,结合选厂浮选工艺及机理,筛选出多个影响浮选钼精矿品位的变量作为模型输入;将输入变量进行异常值判定,缺失值填充和数据降噪等数据预处理,建立高质量浮选钼精矿品位数据库;软测量模型采用PyCharm软件编码,使用BatchNorm批量规范化处理样本数据,加入Dropout正则化防止过拟合,建立基于LSTM的浮选钼精矿品位软测量模型,通过前向传播算法更新神经网络结构参数,并于Linear模型和CNN模型的预测性能指标结果比较。结果表明：基于LSTM的浮选钼精矿品位软测量模型预测准确度高,样本数据误差波动平稳,浮动范围小,模型泛化能力强,模型平均绝对百分比误差MAPE为1.13%,均方根误差RMSE为0.7049%,决定系数R2为0.8763,实现了浮选钼精矿品位的在线预测。     

新型嘧啶单环类非经典叶酸拮抗剂的合成及抗肿瘤活性研究

以课题组前期设计合成的非经典叶酸拮抗剂6-(4'-甲基苯乙基)-N5-氯乙酰基-2,4-二氨基哌啶并[3,2-d]嘧啶(wm-8.2)为先导化合物,将wm-8.2中的哌啶并嘧啶双环结构简化为嘧啶单环结构,以提高分子柔韧性并简化分子结构,根据6-位空间占位设计6-H和6-甲基两个系列,考察了不同桥链长度和不同芳香杂环侧链对抗肿瘤活性的影响.同时对具有叶酸抑制剂分子结构特征的关键中间体进行活性对比测定,研究了N(5)位氯乙酰基对活性的影响.两个系列目标化合物和关键中间体共36个化合物的结构均经1H NMR,13C NMR和MS确证.生物活性测定表明,6位为甲基的化合物中,具有三碳桥链及对甲基苯环侧链的6-甲基-2,4-二氨基-5-(N-(4-甲基苯基)丙基-N-(2-氯乙酰基))氨基嘧啶(6b-3)具有最好的HL-60、A549和HCT116细胞增殖抑制活性,IC50分别为0.25,0.83和0.63μmol?L^-1.化合物6b-3在N(5)位氯乙酰基取代之前的关键中间体6-甲基-2,4-二氨基-5-(N-(4-甲基苯基)丙基)氨基嘧啶(5b-3)具有最优的二氢叶酸还原酶抑制活性.总结了化合物的构效关系,并用计算机模拟进行了阐释.