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1.
Y. X. Wu  C. B. Ching 《Chromatographia》2003,57(5-6):329-337
Summary Frits at both ends of a chromatographic column, especially for a preparative column, have significant influence on the flow distribution within the column and thus the column efficiency. However, frits have received little attention from chromatographers in the past. Here a theoretical study was conducted with the aid of CFD software FLUENT to investigate the effect of frits on the performance of homogeneous and heterogeneous chromatographic columns. A dimensionless number,FQ, was applied to characterize frit quality. This study visualized how frit quality affects the flow distribution and the concentration band, the shape of eluted pulse at the colum exit and column efficiency. Simulation results show that the development length of the flow distribution is related toFQ but has nothing to do with the packing heterogeneity. The curvature of the concentration band in a column depends onFQ and packing quality. This study shows column efficiency can be improved significantly by increasingFQ and/or frit permeability.  相似文献   
2.
Vitamin C nanoliposomes were prepared by combining a conventional method (film evaporation) with dynamic high pressure microfluidization. Their physicochemical characterizations (antioxidant activity, particle size, entrapment efficiency, morphology, in vitro drug release, and storage stability) and skin permeation behavior were investigated. The results showed that vitamin C nanoliposomes, having equivalent DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging capacity of pure vitamin C solution without loss of their biological activity, exhibited better storage stability at 37°C for 24 hours and at 4°C for 60 days, a more excellent sustained drug release as well as higher skin penetration rate than vitamin C liposomes.  相似文献   
3.
环保工质CO_2作为制冷剂用于空调领域再次受到广泛关注。文中对CO_2跨临界循环进行了热力学理论分析,分析结果表明:循环系统存在最优高压压力,使得其COP达到最大值;蒸发温度的升高或者冷却压力的降低都能提高COP,但都会降低效率;实际运行系统中,应该尽可能提高蒸发温度或者降低气体冷却器的出口温度。  相似文献   
4.
本文提出了一个利用光子回声技术探究非均匀展宽频谱线形(如高斯、洛伦兹分布)对存储效率影响的简捷方法。我们发现当信号光脉冲的持续时间与介质频谱线宽的乘积远大于1时,可将分布函数的傅里叶变换近似成狄拉克函数,使得研究非均匀展宽频谱对存储效率的影响变得非常容易;通过计算发现不同线形分布达到最佳存储效率的光学深度有所不同,频谱线形趋于均匀时达到最优存储效率的存储介质光学深度最小。该研究对实验上实现最优化光量子态存储具有指导意义。  相似文献   
5.
Interlayer-free phosphorescent white organic light-emitting diodes (PHWOLEDs) with a mixed-host emitting structure in red emitting layer were developed and device performances were investigated according to the host composition in the red emitting layer. Device performances could be effectively managed by a simple change of host materials in the red emitting layer. A high quantum efficiency was obtained in PHWOLEDs with electron transport-type host in the red emitting layer and red emission was strong in PHWOLEDs with mixed-host in the red emitting layer. In addition, stable color performances were obtained in electron transport-type host rich devices.  相似文献   
6.
The nonlinear theory of slow-wave electron cyclotron masers (ECM) with an initially straight electron beam is developed. The evolution equation of the nonlinear beam electron energy is derived. The numerical studies of the slow-wave ECM efficiency with inclusion of Gaussian beam velocity spread are presented. It is shown that the velocity spread reduces the interaction efficiency.  相似文献   
7.
小功率高转速蒸汽透平试验研究和优化邵振麒(同济大学汽车工程系上海200092)关键词:小蒸汽透平,效率,优化1前言回收能量和工业装置的余热及利用太阳能等新能源是节能和环保的重要措施,由此产生的机械能可供发电,气体增压等多种用途。在一些废热量不大且不宜...  相似文献   
8.
Inx(O,OH,S)y buffer layer has been applied to Cu(In,Ga)Se2(CIGSe) solar cell by chemical bath deposition (CBD). The cell efficiency was observed to be dependant on film growth mode of Inx(O,OH,S)y buffer layer, which was affected by the CBD conditions such as sulfur chemical concentration and deposition time. The fabricated solar cell showing higher conversion efficiency was observed to have non-porous and uniform texture of buffer, whereas the lower conversion efficiency cells were found to have fibrous texture or detached texture of buffer. The fibrous texture and the detached texture induced high series resistance and lower shunt resistance, respectively, which all resulted in lower cell efficiency with reduced fill factor. External quantum efficiency and temperature dependence of open circuit voltage measurements revealed that the lower efficiency cells suffered from higher interface recombination loss due to the related defects.  相似文献   
9.
FuRi Ling  Li Dan  Hai Zhou 《Optik》2010,121(4):322-325
We investigate the persistent holographic recording in triply doped LiNbO3:Mn:Ce:Fe crystals at different oxidation/reduction states. The experimental results show that there is an optimum oxidation/reduction state, which results in the best dynamic range M/#. Compared with doubly doped LiNbO3:Ce:Fe, we found that the nonvolatile diffraction efficiency and the best dynamic range M/# obtained in triply doped samples are larger than that obtained in doubly doped samples. The reason for the increase of the crystal about the nonvolatile diffraction efficiency and the dynamic range M/# was also explained.  相似文献   
10.
The period interaction on diffraction of the blazed transmission gratings is analyzed with a modified extended scalar theory. For one certain period, the lights reflected from the neighboring structures can be refracted by the grating facets and form two extra fields on the bottom facet of blazed transmission gratings. The effects of this period interaction versus several diffraction orders for a fixed fabrication error of blazed transmission gratings with intermediate structures are discussed for both TE and TM polarizations. The results have been compared with those obtained with finite-difference time-domain method.  相似文献   
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