流动肥皂膜气体界面及其在柱状汇聚激波作用下演化的实验研究

在Richtmyer-Meshkov(RM)不稳定性实验研究中,形成两种不同密度流体的初始扰动界面是前提和关健.本文提出了一种流动肥皂膜气体界面生成方法,其工作原理是由细丝构成的导流框从激波管实验段穿过,肥皂液从导流框的上端注入并在重力作用下在导流框中形成流动肥皂膜,膜的两测可以分别充入不同密度的气体从而形成稳定的气体...     

磁流体压缩管道热电磁流动特性研究

利用磁流体五波模型对低磁雷诺数下压缩管道中磁流体流动进行数值模拟。该模型由带有电磁作用强制项的Navier-Stokes方程组与电势Poisson方程组成,数值格式分别采用严格保证熵条件的熵条件格式和中心差分格式。数值模拟对不同磁作用数下的不同几何外形管道进行数值模拟研究,结果表明在磁流体压缩管道中,由于发生器模式提取...     

Ultrasonic devulcanization of waste rubbers: Experimentation and modeling

Continuous ultrasonic devulcanization of ground tire rubber (GRT) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) is considered. Experiments are performed under various processing conditions. Two recipes of SBR with different amounts of polysulfidic linkages are utilized. Gel fraction and crosslink density of devulcanized rubbers are measured and a unique relationship between them is established. Die characteristics with and without imposition of ultrasonic waves are determined. Devulcanized samples are revulcanized and mechanical properties are measured. In some cases, properties of revulcanized SBR samples exceeded those of virgin vulcanizates. This is explained based on the presence of a double network in the revulcanized rubber. A modification of acoustic cavitation and flow modeling of ultrasonic devulcanization of SBR and GRT is proposed using a concept of effective viscosity characterizing the flow of vulcanized particles before devulcanization combined with a shear rate, temperature and gel fraction-dependent viscosity of devulcanized rubber. Velocity, shear rate, pressure, and temperature field along with gel fraction, crosslink density and number of bonds broken are simulated. Predicted data on gel fraction, crosslink density, and pressure using the present modification of the model are found to be closer to experimental data then previously reported.Dedicated to the memory of Professor Tasos C. Papanastasiou     

非牛顿流体入口收敛流动分析

本文讨论了非牛顿流体的入口收敛流动问题,考虑到粘弹性流体在流动中的粘滑行为,应用最小能原理,导出了扩展的入口收敛流边界流线方程和流体自然收敛锥角方程,并与前人的工作进行了比较和分析。     

收缩喷嘴中的湍流Ⅰ——边界层解

应用边界层积分法,研究锥形喷嘴入口区域中湍动涡流的发展.球面坐标系中的控制方程,通过边界层的假定得到简化,并对边界层进行了积分.应用4阶Adams预测校正法求解该微分方程组.入口区域的切向和轴向速度,分别应用自由涡流和均匀速度分布来表示.由于缺乏收缩喷嘴中涡流的实验数据,需要用数值模拟对该发展模式进行逆向验证.数值模拟的结果证明,该解析模型在预测边界层参数中的能力,例如边界层的生长、剪切率和边界层厚度,以及不同锥度角时的涡流强度衰减率等.为所提出的方法引进一个简明而有效的程序,用以研究几何形状收缩设备内的边界层参数.     

Conformation dependence of DNA electrophoretic mobility in a converging channel

The electrophoresis of λ‐DNA is observed in a microscale converging channel where the center‐of‐masses trajectories of DNA molecules are tracked to measure instantaneous electrophoretic (EP) mobilities of DNA molecules of various stretch lengths and conformations. Contrary to the usual assumption that DNA mobility is a constant, independent of field and DNA length in free solution, we find DNA EP mobility varies along the axis in the contracting geometry. We correlate this mobility variation with the local stretch and conformational changes of the DNA, which are induced by the electric field gradient produced by the contraction. A “shish‐kebab” model of a rigid polymer segment is developed, which consists of aligned spheres acting as charge and drag centers. The EP mobility of the shish‐kebab is obtained by determining the electrohydrodynamic interactions of aligned spheres driven by the electric field. Multiple shish‐kebabs are then connected end‐to‐end to form a freely jointed chain model for a flexible DNA chain. DNA EP mobility is finally obtained as an ensemble average over the shish‐kebab orientations that are biased to match the overall stretch of the DNA chain. Using physically reasonable parameters, the model agrees well with experimental results for the dependence of EP mobility on stretch and conformation. We find that the magnitude of the EP mobility increases with DNA stretch, and that this increase is more pronounced for folded conformations.     

The flow of Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids through annular converging regions

A coordinate system is introduced in which one of the three sets of coordinate surfaces is constituted by cones. The axes of the cones coincide, but in general the apices of the cones do not. For this so-called special toroidal coordinate system a set of operations is given involving the nabla operator. A few examples of the use of this special toroidal coordinate system will elucidate its advantages for the analysis of the flow of Newtonian and generalized Newtonian liquids in annular convergent regions.Dedicated to the 60th birthday of Prof. Dr. H. Janeschitz-Kriegl     

Gasdynamic characteristics of toroidal shock and detonation wave converging

Shock wave focusing is a fundamental problem in the shock wave research and the instantaneous impulse of high temperature and pressure generated at the focal points has been applied recently in industrial and medical researches[1]. There are several methods to create shock wave focusing, among which the more commonly-used one is to make a planar shock wave reflect from a concave surface, such as the elliptical or parabolic re- flector. Toroidal shock wave focusing has been proposed and investi…     

Hindman spaces

A topological space is Hindman if for every sequence in there exists an infinite so that the sequence , indexed by all finite sums over , is IP-converging in . Not all sequentially compact spaces are Hindman. The product of two Hindman spaces is Hindman.

Furstenberg and Weiss proved that all compact metric spaces are Hindman. We show that every Hausdorff space that satisfies the following condition is Hindman:

Consequently, there exist nonmetrizable and noncompact Hindman spaces. The following is a particular consequence of the main result: every bounded sequence of monotone (not necessarily continuous) real functions on has an IP-converging subsequences.

     

国内非牛顿流体力学进展

非牛顿流体;;本构方程;;流变测量;;流动稳定性;;收缩流动;;聚合物加工;;石油工业;;生物流体力学