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1.
余鹏  马珩 《运筹与管理》2021,30(3):177-182
借助“制造业高级化”产业升级理论, 从结构优度、价值链高度、环境保护程度三个维度构建制造业产业升级评价指标体系。根据TOPSIS思想, 以被评价对象数列和理想方案指标数列两相邻点间围成图形的面积来表征关联系数, 同时采用标准差修正G1组合赋权原理对指标赋权并进一步计算灰关联相对贴近度; 通过引入时间变量并赋予时间序列权重以实现对长三角制造业产业升级动态评价。研究结果显示:2010至2016年间, 上海市排名最高, 江苏省略高于浙江省, 安徽省最低; 安徽省是长三角制造业产业升级的短板。基于上述结论, 给出长三角制造业产业升级的政策建议。  相似文献   
2.
The synthesis of nontoxic plasticizers derived from the waste residues of the rosin-processing industry can reduce pollution and promote the high-value utilization of the waste residues of rosin. In this study, four kinds of sustainable branched plasticizers derived from a biomass resource, eugenol (derived from the waste residues of the rosin processing industry), were synthesized via one-pot solvent free polymerization and used to plasticize polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Internally plasticized PVC was fabricated using thiolated DPE (branched plasticizers based on eugenol). The thermal stability, tensile properties, microstructure, volatility behavior, and solvent extraction resistance of plasticized PVC were investigated. Compared with the behavior of the commercial plasticizer dioctyl phthalate, the thermal stability, plasticizing efficiency, and migration resistance of the branched plasticizers are superior. The acute oral toxicity dose of each branched plasticizer was extremely high at 5000 mg/kg of body weight, with no deaths among test animals. Compared with externally plasticized PVC, the internally plasticized PVC showed zero weight loss in volatility and leaching tests despite its less effective plasticization. All the branched plasticizers have potential application in plastic products.  相似文献   
3.
通过考虑气候和经济社会因素,将气候因素与函数综合考虑并进行分析,构建“经济气候”模型,分析并得出气候因素对安徽省中药材产业影响程度,利用所构建BP神经网络模型,分析数据,对气象因素对中药材产业的影响结果进行预测。通过分析安徽省气候变化的特点与方向,确定气候因素对中药材产业的影响程度,为中药材产业发展提供一定的数据分析支撑,为有针对性的管理中药材产业提供方法与数据基础,同时对降低严重气象灾害对中药材生产带来的负面作用具有一定的理论与实践意义。  相似文献   
4.
王磊  刘静 《化学教育》2019,40(20):1-12
镓是第一个根据化学元素周期律预言并在自然界中证实的元素,是室温下电导率和热导率均为最大的液态物质,镓在电子工业中得到了广泛应用,被誉为电子工业“脊梁”。近十几年来,镓的更多应用潜力被发掘出来,在电子工业、散热、增材制造、柔性机器、生物医学等领域均有重要的应用前景。  相似文献   
5.
在产业转移背景下,考虑港口服务货运需求与刺激货运需求的双重功效,研究海上丝绸之路沿线产业承接地的港口投资建设问题。首先,在现实交通运输网络中加入虚拟链接构建超级网络,用以刻画制造业的转移、生产和运输过程。其次,建立制造业承接地港口投资决策优化模型,用运输阻抗、地价和工资三个内生变量描述港口投资、产业转移与区域经济之间均衡关系。模型以产业承接地港口收益最大为目标,确定承接地港口的投资规模及费率水平。最后,以斯里兰卡的科伦坡口为例进行数值分析,计算海上丝绸之路沿线港口需求与供给间正向反馈的数量关系及上确界,为优化沿线港口投资实现投资利益最大化提供依据。  相似文献   
6.
绿松石是一种产地有限,却在世界范围内被广泛使用的珍稀宝石资源,研究绿松石文物的矿料来源可为了解古代不同地区间珍稀资源的获取与交流模式、文化传播途径、早期贸易网络等学术问题提供帮助。新疆绿松石文物的矿料来源是近年来科技考古关注的热点问题之一,目前存在中原说、波斯说、新疆说和多元说等观点。研究新疆绿松石文物的产源,其难点在于既要保证文物的安全,又要确保分析数据的准确性,同时要避免样品表面污染对数据结果带来的干扰。鉴于此,采用等离子体原子发射光谱LA-ICP-AES对新疆加依、西沟两处墓地出土的绿松石进行化学成分分析,并结合秦岭东部五处产地的绿松石成分数据,经主成分分析绘制散点图——建立产地区分模型。主成分分析结果显示加依墓地样品中有五枚是罕见的锌绿松石,其余同西沟墓地绿松石的成分相近,均含有相对较高比例的Fe和Sr。结合中原地区的绿松石成分数据对比分析,发现新疆两遗址绿松石的微量元素特征相近,以高B2O低BaO为特征区别于中原地区的绿松石样品。在产地区分模型中,代表加依墓地和西沟墓地出土绿松石的散点聚集成团,且明显区分于白河、郧县、洛南、竹山、淅川五地的散点分布区域。综上结果表明新疆东部两处遗址的绿松石制品与中原东秦岭五处绿松石矿区所产矿料的成分差异较大,鉴于近年来新疆哈密发现与两处遗址同时代的绿松石采矿遗址,推测加依墓地、西沟墓地的绿松石制品其矿料来自中原地区的可能性较小。  相似文献   
7.
Under the Basel III regime, a commercial bank is considered adequately capitalized if it maintains a ratio of capital to total risk-weighted assets or capital adequacy ratio (CAR) of at least 8%. We model a commercial bank that complies with Basel III's minimum capital requirement on an interval [ 0 , T ] for T > 0. The bank model is achieved via a specific rate of capital influx that fixes the bank's CAR at the minimum prescribed level of 8%. On the basis of this capital influx rate, we derive models for the bank's asset portfolio and capital dynamics required for maintaining the CAR at the minimum prescribed level. For the aforementioned bank, we further study a deposit insurance (DI) pricing problem with a coverage horizon equal to T years. More specifically, we employ a multiperiod DI pricing model to approximate the cost of DI for the bank on the interval [ 0 , T ], where the constant (minimum) CAR is maintained. We study the behaviours of the models leading to the constant (minimum) CAR, and the behaviour of the DI premium estimate by means of numerical simulations. In the simulation study pertaining to the DI premium estimate specifically, we determine the effects of changes in the bank's initial leverage level (deposit-to-asset ratio), the DI coverage horizon, and the volatility of the asset portfolio on the DI premium estimate.  相似文献   
8.
The global epidemic owing to COVID-19 has generated awareness to ensuring best practices for avoiding the microorganism spread. Indeed, because of the increase in infections caused by bacteria and viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, the global demand for antimicrobial materials is growing. New technologies by using polymeric systems are of great interest. Virus transmission by contaminated surfaces leads to the spread of infectious diseases, so antimicrobial coatings are significant in this regard. Moreover, antimicrobial food packaging is beneficial to prevent the spread of microorganisms during food processing and transportation. Furthermore, antimicrobial textiles show an effective role. We aim to provide a review of prepared antimicrobial polymeric materials for use in coating, food packaging, and textile during the COVID-19 pandemic and after pandemic.  相似文献   
9.
In this paper we investigate an optimal investment problem under short-selling and portfolio insurance constraints faced by a defined contribution pension fund manager who is loss averse. The financial market consists of a cash bond, an indexed bond and a stock. The manager aims to maximize the expected S-shaped utility of the terminal wealth exceeding a minimum guarantee. We apply the dual control method to solve the problem and derive the representations of the optimal wealth process and trading strategies in terms of the dual controlled process and the dual value function. We also perform some numerical tests and show how the S-shaped utility, the short-selling constraints and the portfolio insurance impact the optimal terminal wealth.  相似文献   
10.
Customized personal rate offering is of growing importance in the insurance industry. To achieve this, an important step is to identify subgroups of insureds from the corresponding heterogeneous claim frequency data. In this paper, a penalized Poisson regression approach for subgroup analysis in claim frequency data is proposed. Subjects are assumed to follow a zero-inflated Poisson regression model with group-specific intercepts, which capture group characteristics of claim frequency. A penalized likelihood function is derived and optimized to identify the group-specific intercepts and effects of individual covariates. To handle the challenges arising from the optimization of the penalized likelihood function, an alternating direction method of multipliers algorithm is developed and its convergence is established. Simulation studies and real applications are provided for illustrations.  相似文献   
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