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1.
主要研究稳定计算近似函数的高阶导数的积分逼近方法,方法因由Lanczos提出故也称为Lanczos算法.利用Legendre多项式的正交性,提出了一类逼近近似函数高阶导数的高精度积分方法,即构造出一系列积分算子Dn,h(m)去逼近噪声函数的高阶导数,且这些积分算子具有O(δ(2n+2)/(2n+m+2))的收敛速度,其中δ为近似函数的噪声水平.数值模拟结果表明提出的方法是稳定而有效的.  相似文献   
2.
A finite support product of ω1 clones of Jensen's minimal Π21 singleton forcing is used to define a model in which any non-empty analytically definable set of reals contains an analytically definable real (the full basis theorem), but there is no analytically definable wellordering of the reals.  相似文献   
3.
采用衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱法(ATR-FTIR),结合多元校正模型对γ-聚谷氨酸(γ-PGA)发酵过程中两种主要底物葡萄糖和谷氨酸钠的浓度进行间接测量,为优化发酵系统控制提供重要的反馈信息。光谱测量中经常出现的基线漂移会严重影响后续多元校正模型的性能,需要采用基线校正算法对光谱进行预处理。现有流行的基线校正算法多数是基于Whittaker Smoother(WS)平滑算法,这些算法均采用整数阶微分对拟合基线进行约束,表达能力有限。针对现有基线校正算法中的整数阶微分自适应性差的问题,利用更加灵活的分数阶微分对基线进行约束,提出了一种基于分数阶的基线校正算法,实现对整数阶基线校正的扩展。总共进行了5个批次的γ-PGA发酵实验,并对不同批次和全部批次的ATR-FTIR光谱数据分别进行了分数阶基线校正,模型的预测精度均得到不同程度的提升。实验结果表明,只有在批次2时,基于整数阶的基线校正效果最好;其他批次的基线校正效果最好时的阶次均为分数阶。这也表明了分数阶微分(包含整数阶微分)对基线的约束更加合理。同时发现全部批次的整体基线校正效果远远差于单一批次的效果,原因可能是各批次发酵光谱的基线是不同的,对不同的批次需要选用不同的阶次以获得最佳的基线校正。此外,γ-PGA发酵样品的ATR-FTIR光谱测量是以蒸馏水为背景,会在3 100~3 600 cm-1波数范围内出现负水峰,形成有害的干扰信号;分数阶基线校正后的光谱表明,分数阶基线校正算法将负的水峰当作基线,在一定程度上进行了消除。综上分析,分数阶基线校正算法不仅扩展了传统整数阶基线校正算法的应用范围,也为消除ATR光谱中负的水峰提供了新的解决思路。  相似文献   
4.
In the malignant plasma cell disease multiple myeloma (MM), bone lesions and resulting fractures caused by MM cell (MMC) accumulation represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Despite recent advantages in systemic treatment, residual MMCs remain, especially in bone lesions. Therefore an interfacial delivery system for local treatment of MM and induced bone disease based on polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles (PEC NP) loaded with bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP-6) inducing de-novo bone formation and MMC apoptosis is presented herein. BMP-6 loaded PEC NP are fabricated by defined mixing bio-related cationic and anionic polysaccharides and BMP-6 according to molar ratio of BMP-6/PEC-NP of 1/3. BMP-6/PEC NP bound to a model substrate releases 10% BMP-6 sustainably within two weeks as accessed by infrared spectroscopy. BMP-6 loaded PEC NP adheres to cell membranes of MMCs and MSCs and activated phosphorylation of Smad 1/5. Osteogenic differentiation (ALP-concentration) is enhanced in MSCs (p < 0.05). All patient samples (10/10) of MMCs show significant induction of apoptosis (median 84%, p < 0.05). Finally, BMP-6/PEC NP are successfully integrated in a commercial hyaluronic acid based hydrogel material revealing MMC death as principal proof for the local treatment of MM induced bone lesions.  相似文献   
5.
本文通过矩阵函数微分的相关知识,给出了Jordan标准型过渡矩阵的一种新算法.  相似文献   
6.
The high sensitivity Compton and Rayleigh X-ray scattering signals can be used to gain valuable information on the chemical composition of various matrices, by exploiting the ratio of those signals as a function of the effective atomic number (Zeff). Neither total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) nor the effect of the experimental setup, including sample preparation, X-ray excitation source selection, and band deconvolution procedure, has been assessed in this kind of approach. Here, a Compton/Rayleigh ratio and Zeff-based TXRF method was set up and tested as an analytical tool for milk samples differentiation. The method was developed using a 90° scattering angle and assessed using different X-ray excitation sources: a molybdenum tube (Mo Kα 17.5 KeV) and a tungsten tube (W Lα 8.5 KeV and W-Brems 35 KeV). The evaluation of independent Compton and Rayleigh signals was performed by non-Gaussian and Gaussian curve resolution methods, and both height and area-based calculations were evaluated. Different sample preparation conditions were assessed. By using 11 standard materials, a calibration curve for Compton/Rayleigh ratio versus Zeff was established. The method was tested to determine the Zeff of milk samples, which enabled its use as a parameter to differentiate them. Good precisions were obtained with the Mo excitation source and the area-based calculations, which allowed to differentiate undiluted milk samples by species, treatment, and fat content according to their Compton/Rayleigh ratio. This simple and rapid method has the potential to be used for the differentiation of various types of samples, including liquids, solids, and aerosols.  相似文献   
7.
许家喜  陈宁 《化学教育》2022,43(4):112-116
环加成反应、环合反应、电环化反应与环化反应都是合成有机环状化合物的成环反应,它们描述的反应类型完全不同。但是,它们却经常被误用或者混用。阐述了这4类反应的区别,希望能够从教学上明确这4类反应,从源头为将来的有机化学工作者建立起准确的概念。  相似文献   
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9.
Polymer coating of tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) surfaces promotes their biofunctionality, which can aid manipulation of cellular functions. However, the effect of the solvent used for polymer coating is yet to be elucidated. In this study, solvent‐treated TCPS surfaces using water, methanol, ethanol, 2‐propanol, and dimethyl sulfoxide are fabricated. Solvent treatment of TCPS surfaces is performed by spreading solvents onto the surfaces and allowing them to dry. Solvent treatment changes the surface roughness and wettability, depending on the kind of solvents. In addition, these surface property changes affected the extension, proliferation, and differentiation of human bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells. These results suggest that solvent selection for polymer coating is crucial in the regulation of cell responses. Further, treatment with an appropriate solvent can result in a more suitable culture environment for modulating cellular functions.  相似文献   
10.
An improved hybrid adjoint method to the viscous, compressible Reynold-Averaged Navier-Stokes Equation (RANS) is developed for the computation of objective function gradient and demonstrated for external aerodynamic design optimization. In this paper, the main idea is to extend the previous coupling of the discrete and continuous adjoint method by the grid-node coordinates variation technique for the computation of the variation in the gradients of flow variables. This approach in combination with the Jacobian matrices of flow fluxes refrained the objective function from field integrals and coordinate transformation matrix. Thus, it opens up the possibility of employing the hybrid adjoint method to evaluate the subsequent objective function gradient analogous to many shape parameters, comprises of only boundary integrals. This avoids the grid regeneration in the geometry for every surface perturbation in a structured and unstructured grid. Hence, this viable technique reduces the overall CPU cost. Moreover, the new hybrid adjoint method has been successfully applied to the computation of accurate sensitivity derivatives. Finally, for the investigation of the presented numerical method, simulations are carried out on NACA0012 airfoil in a transonic regime and its accuracy and effectiveness related to the new gradient equation have been verified with the Finite Difference Method (FDM). The analysis reveals that the presented methodology for the optimization provides the designer with an indispensable CPU-cost effective tool to reshape the complex geometry airfoil surfaces, useful relative to the state-of-the-art, in a less computing time.  相似文献   
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