敬告读者——《光谱学与光谱分析》已全文上网

从2008年第7期开始在《光谱学与光谱分析》网站(www.gpxygpfx.com)“在线期刊”栏内发布《光谱学与光谱分析》期刊全文,读者可方便地免费下载摘要和PDF全文,欢迎浏览、检索本刊当期的全部内容;并陆续刊出自2004年以后出版的各期摘要和PDF全文内容。2009年起《光谱学与光谱分析》每期出版日期改为每月1日。     

可模式识别的水声成像方法

提出一种在自由环境中可以进行模式识别的水声成像方法。利用角域滤波将空间不同入射方向的平面波在阵元域中进行分离,在成像扇面内按要求设计一系列角域带通滤波器,这些滤波器的输出就是从角通带内入射的平面波在阵元域中的快拍数据,可以实现要求输入为阵元域特性数据的目标识别和底质分类等专用的模式识别算法,角域滤波器输出的平面波快拍数据的幅度作为像素值进行水声成像。采用角域滤波的方法可以进行水声成像得到所需要的声图,并且每个像素对应着相应点目标远场平面波入射到接收阵时所产生的快拍数据。仿真和实验数据处理结果表明,采用角域滤波和利用常规波束形成所得到的声图是一样的,并且两种成像方法具有相同的稳健性。      

磷酸化调控泛素单体与Rad23A/Ubiquilin-1中泛素结合域互作的检测

泛素（ubiquitin，Ub）是一种广泛存在、高度保守的信号蛋白质，它能够特异性识别成千上万种靶蛋白，以非共价方式行使不同的功能，其中包含蛋白质降解．Ubiquilin-1（Ubql-1）和Rad23A作为两种蛋白降解的转运因子，都包含有与泛素结合的结构域，被称为泛素结合域（ubiquitin-associated domain，UBA）．2014年，泛素S65位磷酸化修饰的特异性激酶PINK1被发现，磷酸化使泛素在溶液中呈现舒展态与收缩态两种互相转换的构象．本文通过核磁共振（nuclear magnetic resonance，NMR）技术对UBA和磷酸化泛素之间的相互作用进行检测，观测磷酸化对UBA和泛素结合的影响．实验结果表明Rad23A-UBA2与Ubql-1 UBA都特异性的与磷酸化泛素的舒展态相互作用，但是磷酸化未改变泛素与UBA之间的亲和力．值得注意的是与Ubql-1 UBA相互作用时，磷酸化促进了泛素收缩态向舒展态的转换．     

含硫氨基酸与本征及缺陷石墨烯表面的相互作用

半胱氨酸及蛋氨酸是人体的两种含硫氨基酸,在生物活性中发挥着巨大的作用.本研究采用密度泛函理论方法对以上两种氨基酸在本征及缺陷石墨烯表面的吸附机理进行了详细研究.主要考虑了两种吸附体系:半胱氨酸及蛋氨酸平躺在两种石墨烯表面;两种氨基酸垂直地放置于两种石墨烯表面,且含硫的基团靠近表面.研究结果表明,半胱氨酸及蛋氨酸初始构型对它们之间的相互作用有一定的影响.两种氨基酸平躺时有较大的吸附能.此外,吸附能的结果显示两种氨基酸可以更好的与缺陷石墨烯表面紧密结合.同时,蛋氨酸与本征及缺陷石墨烯相互作用均大于半胱氨酸与本征及缺陷石墨烯相互作用.模拟结果有望为含硫氨基酸的石墨烯传感器提供有用的指导.     

量子点电视搭载ColorIQ光学技术

TCL多媒体和QDVision公司宣布向中国市场推出一款搭载ColorIQ光学技术的55寸4K超高清量子点电视。这款全新的电视拥有绝佳的色彩、时尚的造型以及卓越的图像表现,将很快在中国2,000多家店面开售,并将把产业带入全新的量子点显示技术时代。作为高端旗舰产品,TV+量子点电视H9700的发布是TCLTV+家庭娱乐电视家族的又一次重磅硬件升级。全新的量子点电视经QDVision公司与TCL联合开发,在     

Mass and isotopic concentrations of water-insoluble refractory carbon in total suspended particulates at Mt.Waliguan Observatory(China)

Mass concentration and isotopic values δ¹³C and ¹⁴C are presented for the water-insoluble refractory carbon（WIRC） component of total suspended particulates（TSP）,collected weekly during 2003,as well as from October 2005 to May 2006 at the WMO-GAW Mt.Waliguan（WLG） site.The overall average WIRC mass concentration was（1183±120）ng/m³（n = 79）,while seasonal averages were 2081 ±1707（spring）,454±205（summer）,650±411（autumn）,and 1019±703（winter） ng/m3.Seasonal variations in WIRC mass concentrations were consistent with black carbon measurements from an aethalometer,although WIRC concentrations were typically higher,especially in winter and spring.The δ¹³C PDB value（-25.3 ± 0.8）%.determined for WIRC suggests that its sources are C₃ biomass or fossil fuel combustion.No seasonal change in δ¹³C PDB was evident.The average percent Modern Carbon（pMC） for ¹⁴C in WIRC for winter and spring was（67.2 ± 7.7）%（n = 29）.Lower pMC values were associated with air masses transported from the area east of WLG,while higher pMC values were associated with air masses from the Tibetan Plateau,southwest of WLG.Elevated pMC values with abnormally high mass concentrations of TSP and WIRC were measured during a dust storm event.     

以问题为导向的复变函数教学与实践

复分析在数学的众多分支、物理学、工程领域有着重要应用,因此它是众多工程类专业的必修课程.传统的复变函数教学方式存在着一些不足,并不完全适合当下的学生.这导致相当数量的学生觉得复变函数枯燥而不易学习.为解决这一问题,教师可以通过有效的启发,并以讨论问题的方式开展复变函数的教学.这种方式不仅有益于提高学习效率并且可以增加学生的学习兴趣.     

结构光场编译码通信研究进展

结构光场是一类对光波空间结构进行剪裁的特殊光场。广义的结构光场包括具有空间变化的幅度、相位、偏振分布和空间阵列分布的光场。结构光场因其独特性而在光学操控、显微、成像、计量、传感、非线性光学、天文学、量子科学和光通信等领域获得了广泛应用。基于结构光场的光通信技术包括复用通信和编译码通信。本文回顾了结构光场编译码通信的研究进展,全面综述了结构光场的产生方法以及不同空间模式(轨道角动量模式、无衍射贝塞尔模式、线偏振模式、矢量模式、空间阵列)、不同编码方式(直接模式编码、高速映射)和不同应用场景(光子芯片、自由空间、光纤)的结构光场的编译码通信,并对其未来发展趋势进行了分析和展望。结构光场编译码通信开发了光场空间域维度资源,有望为解决光通信新容量危机和实现光通信可持续扩容提供潜在的解决方案。     

Isolation and Crystal Structure of Ent-kaurane Diterpenes from Rubus corchorifolius L. f.

In this study, ent-Kaurane-3β,16β,17-triol(1) and ent-kaurane-2α,16β,17-triol(2), were isolated from the leaves of Rubus corchorifolius L. f. Their structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analysis. NMR experiments identified the two compounds and X-ray crystallographic analysis confirmed their crystal structures. The crystal of 1 belongs to monoclinic with space group P21 and a = 10.7641(3), b = 7.2789(3), c = 11.7862(4) , β = 95.275(3)°, V = 919.55(6) 3, Z = 2, C20H34O4, Mr = 322.49 g/mol, Dc = 1.230 g/m3, F(000) = 376, λ = 1.54178 , μ = 0.661 mm-1, R = 0.0319, and wR = 0.0811 for 10889 observed reflections(Ⅰ 2σ(Ⅰ)). The crystal of 2 is classified as orthorhombic with space group P212121 and a = 10.7641(3), b = 12.72224(19), c = 21.3929(3) , V = 1748.94(4) 3, Z = 4, C20H34O4, Mr = 322.47, Dc = 1.225 Mg/m3 F(000) = 712, λ = 1.54184 , μ = 0.625 mm-1, R = 0.0303 and w R = 0.0759 for 10470 observed reflections(Ⅰ 2σ(Ⅰ)). Meanwhile, the compound revealed low inhibitory activities toward Hep G2, MCF-7, and SCG-7901 cells.     

Stereoselective interactions of chiral dipeptides on amylose based chiral stationary phases

Dipeptides are stereo-specifically involved in several biological functions that are challenging to separate enantiomerically. Elution order of enantiomers is an important issue in chiral chromatography. Amylose tris-(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase(CSP) is the best and most-widely-used CSP in chiral separations, but experimental data of enantiomeric separation of dipeptides on this CSP is lacking. Simulation studies were conducted to determine the order of elution and the chiral recognition mechanism of didpetides on this CSP. Results indicated that the docking energy of SR-enantiomers were higher than SS-antipodes. The range of docking energies for SR-enantiomers was -7.44 to -5.92 kcal/mol with CSP, but -7.15 to -5.87 kcal/mol for SS-stereoisomers. Therefore it is predicted that SS-enantiomer will elute first, followed by SR-antipode. Furthermore, hydrogen bondings, van der Waal’s interactions and electrostatic interactions were observed among SR- and SSenantiomers and chiral grooves of CSP. The number of hydrogen bonds was one in each enantiomer binding except S-Ala-R-Tyr, which contained two hydrogen bonds. No hydrogen bond was found in S-Ala-R-Trp, S-Leu-S-Trp, and S-Leu-S-Tyr dipeptides bindings. The chiral recognition mechanisms dictate different strengths of stereoselective bindings of the enantiomers on CSP.