对称向量拟均衡问题有效解的存在性

利用标量化方法建立对称向量拟均衡问题有效解的存在性定理。作为标量化方法的应用，利用这一方法得到向量变分不等式和拟向量变分不等式有效解的存在性定理。     

敬告读者——《光谱学与光谱分析》已全文上网

从2008年第7期开始在《光谱学与光谱分析》网站(www.gpxygpfx.com)“在线期刊”栏内发布《光谱学与光谱分析》期刊全文,读者可方便地免费下载摘要和PDF全文,欢迎浏览、检索本刊当期的全部内容;并陆续刊出自2004年以后出版的各期摘要和PDF全文内容。2009年起《光谱学与光谱分析》每期出版日期改为每月1日。     

基于NiCo2O4纳米片电极的非对称混合电容器

The looming global energy crisis and ever-increasing energy demands have catalyzed the development of renewable energy storage systems. In this regard, supercapacitors (SCs) have attracted widespread attention because of their advantageous attributes such as high power density, excellent cycle stability, and environmental friendliness. However, SCs exhibit low energy density and it is important to optimize electrode materials to improve the overall performance of these devices. Among the various electrode materials available, spinel nickel cobaltate (NiCo₂O₄) is particularly interesting because of its excellent theoretical capacitance. Based on the understanding that the performances of the electrode materials strongly depend on their morphologies and structures, in this study, we successfully synthesized NiCo₂O₄ nanosheets on Ni foam via a simple hydrothermal route followed by calcination. The structures and morphologies of the as-synthesized products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, and the results showed that they were uniformly distributed on the Ni foam support. The surface chemical states of the elements in the samples were identified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The as-synthesized NiCo₂O₄ products were then tested as cathode materials for supercapacitors in a traditional three-electrode system. The electrochemical performances of the NiCo₂O₄ electrode materials were studied and the area capacitance was found to be 1.26 C·cm^-2 at a current density of 1 mA·cm^-2. Furthermore, outstanding cycling stability with 97.6% retention of the initial discharge capacitance after 10000 cycles and excellent rate performance (67.5% capacitance retention with the current density from 1 to 14 mA·cm^-2) were achieved. It was found that the Ni foam supporting the NiCo₂O₄ nanosheets increased the conductivity of the electrode materials. However, it is worth noting that the contribution of nickel foam to the areal capacitance of the electrode materials was almost zero during the charge and discharge processes. To further investigate the practical application of the as-synthesized NiCo₂O₄ nanosheets-based electrode, a device was assembled with the as-prepared samples as the positive electrode and active carbon (AC) as the negative electrode. The assembled supercapacitor showed energy densities of 0.14 and 0.09 Wh·cm^-3 at 1.56 and 4.5 W·cm^-3, respectively. Furthermore, it was able to maintain 95% of its initial specific capacitance after 10000 cycles. The excellent electrochemical performance of the NiCo₂O₄ nanosheets could be ascribed to their unique spatial structure composed of interconnected ultrathin nanosheets, which facilitated electron transportation and ion penetration, suggesting their potential applications as electrode materials for high performance supercapacitors. The present synthetic route can be extended to other ternary transition metal oxides/sulfides for future energy storage devices and systems.     

一类压缩型映射的不动点定理

在完备的度量空间中,讨论了一类新型的非线性压缩映射ρ(Tx,Ty)≤a(ρ(x,y))ρ(x,Tx)+b(ρ(x,y))ρ(y,Ty)+c(ρ(x,y))ρ(x,y)通过构造迭代序列,指出该映射的不动点的存在性和唯一性,并给出相应的误差估计式,拓展和改进了有关文献的范围.     

赋值Banach代数的偏序D^(*)-度量空间中的不动点定理

定义了α^(*)-可容许映射,得到了赋值Banach代数的偏序D^(*)-度量空间中的带有α^(*)-可容许映射条件的不动点定理,所给出的结果改进了前人的一些结果,并且举例验证了所得到的结论.     

功能梯度材料中Stoneley波的传播特性分析

研究功能梯度弹性半空间(y≤0)和功能梯度磁电弹半空间(y≥0)界面的Stoneley波传播特性.基于两个介质的本构方程、控制方程和界面连续条件,推导出功能梯度材料界面处的Stoneley波波速方程,通过数值模拟,得到功能梯度材料中Stoneley波的色散曲线,并分析功能梯度材料中Stoneley波传播特性.     

巴基斯坦Mw≥5.8地震时空对称与旋转规律研究及趋势判断

灾害预测是世界难题，选取1966年以来巴基斯坦M_w≥5.8地震数据，基于可公度理论和对称性原理，采用蝴蝶结构图和灾害统计方法分析了巴基斯坦M_w≥5.8地震的时空对称性，对下一次发生地震的位置进行趋势判断，并结合可能触发地震的主要天文因素，从地震触发机理上验证了判断结果的可靠性。 结果表明：（1）巴基斯坦M_w≥5.8历史地震可公度性良好，2018、2019年发震信号较强；（2）巴基斯坦M_w≥5.8地震在空间上呈三边形对称结构，震中空间变化具有两点线空间迁移规律和空间旋转规律，且在70.9 °E～77.7 °E，31.5 °N～37 °N发生M_w≥5.8地震的可能性较大；（3）巴基斯坦M_w≥5.8地震多发生在太阳黑子数下降段，这也进一步佐证了2018、2019年该地区发生地震的可能性。 该研究对完善统计方法，验证统计案例有重大意义，对巴基斯坦防灾减灾有参考价值。     

隐半马尔科夫市场下投资组合的动态决策问题（英文）

在长期投资组合中,既要考虑金融资产自身的价格波动风险,又要关注宏观经济环境变化及通胀风险对各资产的影响.为此,本文建立宏观经济环境服从隐半马尔科夫链的金融市场,由通胀指数债券、银行存款和普通股票构成投资组合.由期望效用最大化构建随机控制模型,考虑到该隐半马尔科夫市场的不完备性,进一步将该投资组合问题视作部分信息的随机控制问题,并利用隐半马尔科夫滤波将部分信息控制问题转化问完全信息问题,得到解的存在唯一性.本文最后给出若干数值模拟结果,结果显示本文建立的模型优于普通市场的模型.