Optimal control of an SIQRS epidemic model with three measures on networks

Nonlinear Dynamics - At present, the main measures for disease control are vaccination, quarantine and treatment. Taking the three measures into consideration, time-varying optimal control problems...     

可用于连续识别Cu^2+和阴离子、中性分子荧光探针的研究进展

铜(Cu)含量的高低直接影响着生命体的正常运转和自然体系的平衡.检测铜离子的方法多种多样,其中具有较高敏感度和选择性的荧光化学传感器应用更加广泛.综述了以Cu^2+为基的荧光化学传感器通过"替换"法实现了对阴离子S^2-, CN^-, H2PO4^-, PPi和I^-以及中性分子ATP、ADP和生物硫醇等的连续识别的研究进展.     

ZCuPb20Sn5合金耐磨性能研究

ZCuPb₂₀Sn₅合金作为柱塞泵转子内衬材料，因其含铅量高，而具有良好的减摩耐磨性能，可避免转子在工作中的磨损失效问题. 选用销盘式摩擦磨损试验机，以ZCuPb₂₀Sn₅和45钢为摩擦副，研究了不同PV值和油润滑条件下，ZCuPb₂₀Sn₅合金的摩擦磨损性能. 结果表明:随着PV值的增加，ZCuPb₂₀Sn₅合金的摩擦系数先增加后减小，而磨损率呈增加趋势. 在载荷50 N和线速度2.410 m/s条件下，摩擦系数和磨损率最低，摩擦系数最低能达到0.010，平均摩擦系数达到1个最低峰值点0.063；在载荷250 N、线速度3.610 m/s以及PV值为126 MPa·m/s的条件下，摩擦系数达到另一低峰值0.070，磨损率为2.972×10?7 mm3/(N·m). PV值最大时，摩擦系数和磨损率最大. 载荷小于150 N时，在油润滑的作用下，主要磨损机制为轻微黏着磨损；载荷大于150 N时，在铅和油的协同作用下，以黏着磨损为主，少量磨粒磨损；当载荷大于250 N时，摩擦系数与磨损率均偏高，以磨粒磨损为主，局部有少量氧化磨损.      

近壁声空泡溃灭微射流冲击流固耦合模型及蚀坑反演分析

超声场下液体环境中近壁空泡溃灭会产生强烈的微射流，为探究微射流冲击壁面流固耦合效应，利用流体力学及冲击动力学，考虑了率相关的J-C材料本构模型，建立并分析了微射流冲击壁面流固耦合三维模型，并通过超声空化试验和基于球形压痕试验理论的反演分析进行了验证。结果表明:微射流冲击下材料表面出现微型凹坑，凹坑深度由微射流速度和微射流直径共同决定且随其增大而增大，凹坑直径主要与微射流直径正相关，而凹坑径深比则主要与微射流速度负相关；壁面压强基本呈对称分布且最大压强出现在微射流冲击边缘；超声空化试验验证了微射流冲击下材料表面出现的微型凹坑，反演分析方法表明，在16～18的径深比下，微射流冲击强度为420～500 MPa，对应的微射流速度为310～370 m/s。试验及反演分析结果与理论分析结果相符，验证了流固耦合模型及反演分析方法的合理性及准确性，为后续工程应用中空化强度、微射流速度等的控制提供了理论参考。     

聚奥-9C装药的传爆管殉爆

为了研究冲击波作用下引信传爆装置的响应规律，进行了以主发炸药为RDX-8701、被发装置为聚奥-9C（JO-9C）装药的传爆管（含导爆药柱）的殉爆实验。通过观测残留传爆药、壳体和见证块变形，判断传爆管的爆炸程度，分析了殉爆过程中JO-9C爆轰波的成长历程及传播规律。采用AUTODYN软件建立了殉爆实验有限元模型，计算模型中主要考虑了主发炸药产生的爆炸冲击波对传爆管的冲击响应。基于流固耦合方法，通过调整距离模拟计算得到了传爆管的临界殉爆距离和殉爆安全距离。结果表明，传爆管上端的侧角受到爆炸冲击后产生的爆轰波沿斜下方传播，使传爆药柱完全爆轰，并引起导爆药柱发生殉爆；数值模拟结果显示，JO-9C装药的传爆管临界殉爆距离为5.7 mm，殉爆安全距离为8.8 mm。     

Damage characteristics and surface description of near-wall materials subjected to ultrasonic cavitation

For the analysis of ultrasonic cavitation erosion on the surface of materials, the ultrasonic cavitation erosion experiments for AlCu4Mg1 and Ti6Al4V were carried out, and the changes of surface topography, surface roughness, and Vickers hardness were explored. Cavitation pits gradually expand and deepen with the increase of experiment time, and Ti6Al4V is more difficult to erode by cavitation than AlCu4Mg1. After experiments, the cavitation damage characteristics such as the single pit, the rainbow ring area, the fisheye pit, and some small pits were observed, which can be considered to be induced by a single micro-jet impact, ablation effect caused by the high temperature, micro-jet impingement with a sharp angle, and multibeam micro-jets coupling impact or negative pressure in the local area produced by micro-jet impact, respectively. The surface roughness and Vickers hardness of the material increase slowly after rapid growth at different points in time as the experiment time increases. With the increase of the ultrasonic amplitude, both of them first increase and then decrease after the ultrasonic amplitude is greater than 10.8 μm. The increases in surface roughness and Vickers hardness tend to decrease as the viscosity coefficient increases. Ultrasonic cavitation can cause submicron surface roughness and increase surface hardness by 20.36%, so it can be used as a surface treatment method.     

B炸药慢速烤燃过程的流变特性

为进一步探究熔铸炸药在烤燃过程中内部各物理场的变化情况，以B炸药为研究对象，完整地建立了基于Bingham流体模型的B炸药黏度计算模型并应用于慢速烤燃的数值模拟。通过数值模拟得到了B炸药在整个升温过程中上中下3个内部测点处的温度变化曲线并以烤燃试验加以验证，观察了弹体内部温度场与对流场的变化特点。结果表明:升温速率为1 ℃/min时，B炸药相变后逐渐开始流动，内部的温度场分布也随之改变，炸药出现自热反应与最终响应的区域都在弹体上部；升温速率为0.055 ℃/min时，炸药相变后内部很长时间内仍表现出类固相温度场的分布特点，当炸药出现自热反应后，才逐渐开始流动，温度场也逐渐转变为典型的液相温度场，炸药最终响应点在弹体上部，但最早出现自热反应的区域在弹体中心。     

Nonlinear dynamics of a novel fractional-order Francis hydro-turbine governing system with time delay

This paper focuses on the stability of a hydropower station. First, we established a novel nonlinear mathematical model of a Francis hydro-turbine governing system considering both fractional-order derivative and time delay. The fractional-order α, which is introduced into the penstock system, in the range from 0.82 to 1.00 is on the left side of the model in a incommensurate manner in increment of 0.03 to provide an adjustable degree of system memory. The time delay τ, which exists between the signal and response in the hydraulic servo system, in the range from 0 s to 0.26 s is inserted on the right side of the model in increment of 0.04 s. Utilizing the principle of statistical physics, we respectively explored the effects of the fractional-order α and the time delay τ on the stable region of the system. Furthermore, we exhaustively investigated the nonlinear dynamic behaviors of the system with different governor parameters by using bifurcation diagrams, time waveforms and power spectrums, finding that only under the condition of reasonable collocation of governor parameters the system can maintain stable operation. Finally, all of the above numerical experiments supply new methods for studying the stability of a hydropower station.     

基于MEMS压阻传感器的低功耗高过载测试系统设计

为了检验弹体在高冲击环境下的工作情况，提出了一种基于压阻传感器的高过载、低功耗的测试系统设计方案。该系统可承受2×105g的过载冲击测试，且具有采样率高、体积小、功耗低的特点。通过打靶实验验证:在过载测试过程中该系统具有承受高冲击的能力，并能精确地采集到信号微弱变化，保证了弹体在飞行中记录数据的准确性。