旋转对爆炸成型杆式侵彻体毁伤威力的影响

为进一步提高周向多爆炸成型侵彻体战斗部的毁伤效能，结合数值模拟方法，设计了一种爆炸成型杆式侵彻体战斗部。基于复合装药的爆轰加载控制方式，使得药型罩成型为密实的杆式侵彻体，通过调整半预制药型罩的斜置角度，对毁伤元的旋转速度施加控制，进而提高其空中飞行姿态的稳定性，提高毁伤元的毁伤威力。对不同斜置角度的战斗部原理样机进行了静爆实验，实验结果与模拟结果的对比表明，半预制药型罩斜置角度为1.5°时，爆炸成型杆式侵彻体的着靶姿态最好，对45钢靶板侵彻深度最大。通过药型罩斜置，在保证杆式侵彻体成型质量的同时，可以有效提高侵彻体的侵彻威力。     

Revealing the unexpected promotion effect of EuOx on Pt/CeO2 catalysts for catalytic combustion of toluene

Pt/Eu₂O₃-CeO₂ materials with different Eu concentrations were prepared and applied to toluene destruction, and the remarkable promotion impact of EuO_x on Pt/CeO₂ can be observed. The characterization results reveal that the presence of EuO_x significantly enhances the redox property, lattice O concentration, and Ce³⁺ ratio of the Pt/CeO₂ material, which facilitates the dispersion and activity of Pt active sites and thus accelerates the decomposition process of toluene. Among all catalysts, a sample with an Eu content of 2.5 at.% (Pt/EC-2.5) possesses the best catalytic activity with 0.09 vol% of toluene completely destructed at 200 °C under a relatively high GHSV of 50000 h^?1. The possible reaction pathway and mechanism of toluene combustion over Pt/Eu₂O₃-CeO₂ samples are presented according to in-situ DRIFTS, which confirms that the toluene oxidation process obeys the Mars-van Krevelen mechanism with aldehydes and ketones as primary organic intermediates.     

Magnetic behaviors and multitransition temperatures in a nanoisland

A nanoisland consists of center spin-5/2 and perimeter spin-3/2 atoms, which is described by transverse Ising model with single-ion anisotropy. Magnetic behaviors of the nanoisland are studied by the effective-field theory with correlations and the differential operator technique. The formulas of the magnetization and the phase transition of the system are given. The numerical results of the phase transition, the magnetization, the initial susceptibility and the internal energy have been discussed. Some interesting phenomena, such as a new reentrant, are found. Namely there are multitransition temperatures dependent on competition among the single-ion anisotropies, the transverse field and the interlayer coupling. These results can provide some guidance to structure design in the nanoislands.     

中应变率下材料动态拉伸关键参数测试方法

通过高速液压伺服材料试验机进行金属材料的中等应变率动态拉伸力学性能测试。为获取精确的动态拉伸载荷数据，提出了一种拉伸载荷的间接测量方法，在不改变试验机原有结构的情况下，解决了试验机自带载荷传感器测试数据在塑性段振荡导致材料真正动力学行为被掩盖的问题；通过数字图像相关的非接触测量方式进行动态拉伸应变的测量。实验验证表明，提出的载荷和应变测试方法可实现金属材料动态拉伸试验中的力学性能参数测试。     

酚醛层压材料的冲击力学行为及本构模型

为了研究酚醛层压材料的冲击力学行为并获得本构模型，利用万能试验机和整形修正的分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)装置，对材料试样进行了应变率范围为10-3~103 s-1的单轴压缩实验，得到了不同加载应变率下的应力应变曲线，对其在准静态、动态载荷下的压缩破坏机理进行了初步探讨。结果表明，酚醛层压材料具有较强的应变率效应，与准静态(1.67×10-3 s-1)时相比，在动态载荷(7×102 s-1)下，峰值应力增加了约10倍；破坏应变减少了约一半；在准静态和动态加载条件下试样力学性能的差异是由于纤维基体界面特性以及不同应变率下破坏模式的不同；采用朱-王-唐本构方程描述了酚醛层压材料力学行为，拟合得到了本构方程的系数，在加载过程中，理论计算值与实验结果吻合较好。     

Structural response of stiffened plates in similitude under a turbulent boundary layer excitation

In structural dynamics, similitude laws usually deal with simple configurations as thin flat plates with point forces. Only recently, few papers have analyzed stiffened shells or stochastic pressure loads.This research activity extends the applicability of some similitude laws, developed for thin flat plates under a turbulent boundary layer load, to ribbed plates forced by the same wall pressure fluctuations.The work addresses the problem of designing a scaled experimental test-article and, successively, of re-modulating the measured data in order to get the structural response of an original (unscaled) configuration.Due to the complexity of the structural domain, the design of a scaled configuration leads to a distorted similitude. Then, a simple approach, to circumvent the distortion effects, is proposed.     

不同材料弹体超声速侵彻钢筋混凝土靶的结构破坏对比实验

设计了超声速钻地结构弹,采用203 mm口径的火炮,开展了25 kg量级弹体在1100~1300 m/s速度范围内侵彻钢筋混凝土靶的实验研究,应用数值仿真对弹体侵彻钢筋混凝土靶的过程进行了模拟计算。基于实验和仿真结果,对超声速侵彻条件下两种金属材料弹体的结构响应、质量损失等问题进行了分析。结果表明:在超声速侵彻钢筋混凝土靶的过程中,两种金属材料的弹体结构变形破坏形式主要为头部侵蚀和侧壁磨蚀,头部侵蚀量的大小与弹体壳体材料有关,高强度G50钢材料更适合用于1200 m/s速度量级的超声速侵彻环境。对出现的“径缩”现象作了初步分析,并对今后工程应用的结构弹体设计提出了指导意见。     

Hydrogenation of acetylene into ethane–ethene mixtures over modified Pd–alumina catalysts

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Alcohol-Assisted Synthesis of Sheet-Like ZSM-5 Zeolites with Controllable Aspect Ratios

Sheet-like ZSM-5 has been regarded as a promising material for catalytic applications due to its diffusion superiority. However, it still remains a challenge to obtain a desirable sheet-like morphology because of the complex synthesis process of zeolites. Here, a facile strategy for synthesizing sheet-like ZSM-5 is developed by only adding ethanol as zeolite growth modifier in the synthesis gel. It is thought that ethanol might be preferentially absorbed on the {010} surface of zeolite crystals, interact with the exposed silicon hydroxyl groups on the crystal {010} facet, and suppress the growth of b axis, resulting in the sheet-like shape. Through finely tunning synthesis parameters, sheet-like ZSM-5 crystals with thin b-axis thickness of 90 nm and different aspect ratios could be obtained. Owing to its shorter diffusion path and optimized acidity, sheet-like ZSM-5 exhibits better catalytic performance than conventional ZSM-5 in the alkylation of benzene with ethanol.     

高密度B炸药的燃烧转爆轰实验研究

采用电探针及压力传感器测试技术对密度为1.597 g/cm3的固体B炸药（TNT/RDX=40/60）的燃烧转爆轰性能进行研究。实验结果表明,在较强的约束条件下（45号钢管,内径20 mm,外径64 mm,长500 mm）,B炸药形成了DDT现象,诱导爆轰距离为295~310 mm。