Comments on stabilizing layered manganese oxide electrodes for Li batteries

An electrochemical study of structurally-integrated xLi₂MnO₃•(1 −x)LiMn_0.5Ni_0.5O₂ ‘composite’ materials has been undertaken to investigate the stability of electrochemically-activated electrodes at the Li₂MnO₃-rich end of the Li₂MnO₃–LiMn_0.5Ni_0.5O₂ tie-line, i.e., for 0.7 ≤ x ≤ 0.95. Excellent performance was observed for x = 0.7 in lithium half-cells; comparable to activated electrodes that have significantly lower values of x and are traditionally the preferred materials of choice. Electrodes with higher manganese content (x ≥ 0.8) showed significantly reduced performance. Implications for stabilizing low-cost, manganese-rich, layered lithium-metal-oxide electrode materials are discussed.     

对流扩散方程的一种新型特征差分方法

利用在网格内恰当选取特征线上插值点的技巧,提出了一种新型的求解对流扩散方程的特征差分方法,并给出了稳定性与收敛性分析.该方法避免了数值扩散的产生,同时具有O(τ h~2)阶的收敛阶.数值实验表明,该方法是一个高效、稳定和收敛的数值方法.     

Particle migrations in laminar mixing of a suspension with a clean fluid

Zusammenfassung Die laminare Mischung von zwei Flüssigkeitsströmen wird untersucht, von denen der eine Suspensionsteilchen mitführt, während der andere ursprünglich rein ist. Berücksichtigt wird der Schlupf, sowie die in der Scherströmung auftretende Querkraft auf die Teilchen. Störungslösungen werden für den Anfang der Mischzone, sowie für die weit stromabwärts liegenden Gebiete angegeben; diese beschreiben das Geschwindigkeitsfeld beider Phasen, den Phasenschlupf, sowie die Teilchenkonzentration.     

非线性多值算子扰动的映射定理

本文讨论非线性多值算子的非紧扰动的映射定理,并给出非线性泛函方程ｚ∈Ｔ（ｘ）＋Ｆ（ｘ）可解性的最新结果,其中Ｔ是多值算子且（Ｔ＋１/ｎＩ）^－１是１－集压缩,而Ｆ是１－集压缩或γ－凝聚．所得的结果改善了［５,８,１２］中的主要结果     

High-field magnetization process of granular Co–Cu alloys prepared by melt spinning

High solid-solubility Co₁₅Cu₈₅ alloys have been prepared by melt spinning and submitted to isothermal and anisothermal annealing to obtain granular alloys. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were measured to investigate the decomposition of supersaturated solid solution induced by annealing. The atomic diffusion and structural evolution during the heat treatment were investigated. In view of the problems limiting their application, the high-field magnetization curves were measured. By a fit to the high-field magnetization curves, the granular alloys are found hard to be magnetically saturated at the early stage of nucleation and growth. The magnetization behavior was correlated to the annealed-induced structural evolution and also to the magnetoresistance effect.     

The hierarchy of higher order solutions of the derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equation

In this paper, we provide a simple method to generate higher order position solutions and rogue wave solutions for the derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equation. The formulae of these higher order solutions are given in terms of determinants. The dynamics and structures of solutions generated by this method are studied.     

Dark energy: A brief review

The problem of dark energy is briefly reviewed in both theoretical and observational aspects. In the theoretical aspect, dark energy scenarios are classified into symmetry, anthropie principle, tuning mechanism, modified gravity, quantum cosmology, holographic principle, back-reaction and phenomenologieal types. In the observational aspect, we introduce cosmic probes, dark energy related projects, observational constraints on theoretical models and model independent reconstructions.     

Characteristics of radiation induced light in optical fibres for portal imaging application

The purpose of this paper is to characterize the radiation induced light in optical fibres to optimise the design of a new Cherenkov detector for portal imaging application in radiation therapy. Experiments were performed using a single optical fibre to evaluate the angle dependence, spectrum and temporal properties of the radiation induced light in the optical fibre in comparison with that of Cherenkov radiation. A theoretical model was also developed to compare with experiments. It has been found that radiation-induced light output from the optical fibre under megavoltage (MV) x-ray irradiation is significantly (about 45 times) higher than that under 100 kVp x-ray irradiation for the same dose rate at the fibre. The angular-dependence, spectrum and temporal properties of the radiation induced light in the optical fibre under MV x-ray irradiation match that of Cherenkov radiation. Different angular dependence and spectrum results from that of previous studies on radiation induced light in optical fibres have also been found. The result of the theoretical model agrees with the angle-dependence measurements.     

Extremal clique coverings of complementary graphs

Letcc(G) (resp. cp(G)) be the least number of complete subgraphs needed to cover (resp. partition) the edges of a graphG. We present bounds on max {cc(G)+cc(Ḡ)}, max {cp(G)+cp(Ḡ)}, max {cc(G)cc(Ḡ)} and max {cp(G)cp(Ḡ)} where the maxima are taken over all graphsG onn vertices and Ḡ is the complement ofG inK _n . Several related open problems are also given.