Effect of astrocyte on synchronization of thermosensitive neuron-astrocyte minimum system

Astrocytes have a regulatory function on the central nervous system (CNS), especially in the temperature-sensitive hippocampal region. In order to explore the thermosensitive dynamic mechanism of astrocytes in the CNS, we establish a neuron-astrocyte minimum system to analyze the synchronization change characteristics based on the Hodgkin-Huxley model, in which a pyramidal cell and an interneuron are connected by an astrocyte. The temperature range is set as 0 ℃-40 ℃ to juggle between theoretical calculation and the reality of a brain environment. It is shown that the synchronization of thermosensitive neurons exhibits nonlinear behavior with changes in astrocyte parameters. At a temperature range of 0 ℃-18 ℃, the effects of the astrocyte can provide a tremendous influence on neurons in synchronization. We find the existence of a value for inositol triphosphate (IP₃) production rate and feedback intensities of astrocytes to neurons, which can ensure the weak synchronization of two neurons. In addition, it is revealed that the regulation of astrocytes to pyramidal cells is more sensitive than that to interneurons. Finally, it is shown that the synchronization and phase transition of neurons depend on the change in Ca²⁺ concentration at the temperature of weak synchronization. The results in this paper provide some enlightenment on the mechanism of cognitive dysfunction and neurological disorders with astrocytes.     

高速列车轴箱轴承健康监测与故障诊断研究综述

随着我国高速列车的发展, 针对其运营维护中的故障预测与健康管理问题日益受到关注. 轴箱轴承是高速列车走行部中的关键旋转部件, 在复杂的轮轨相互作用下极易出现由疲劳、过载等原因导致的失效, 影响列车的行车效率和运行安全. 而现有诊断方法和技术难以满足高速列车动态化、系统化的安全保障需求, 亟待进一步发展轴箱轴承健康监测和诊断技术. 首先, 介绍了工程中维修检测、轨边监测和车载监测系统的主要内容和发展现状. 然后, 从动力学正、反问题两个方面, 分析和总结了在轴箱轴承的理论建模方法和轴箱轴承与列车耦合系统的动态特性分析、基于先进信号处理技术和机器学习技术的诊断方法等方面的研究思路和研究进展. 最后, 对轴箱轴承健康监测与故障诊断技术的发展趋势进行了展望, 评述了在指导列车故障预测与健康管理方面的不足.      

水热法制备二氧化锡/钨酸铋复合光催化材料及其催化活性研究

本文用水热法制备了正交晶系的纳米球状结构的二氧化锡和正交晶系的由片状聚集成球状结构的钨酸铋,并且对二者进行了复合,制备出了二氧化锡/钨酸铋复合光催化材料。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、比表面积测试仪(BET)、紫外可见分光光度计等技术对复合样品的结构、形貌、比表面积、孔容孔径和光学性质进行了表征。用碘钨灯模拟太阳光,分别以二氧化锡、钨酸铋和二氧化锡/钨酸铋复合材料为催化剂降解罗丹明B(RhB),研究所制备的二氧化锡/钨酸铋复合材料的光催化活性。光催化90 min时二氧化锡、钨酸铋和二氧化锡/钨酸铋对罗丹明B的降解率分别是9%、22%和30%。实验结果表明,在可见光下,二氧化锡/钨酸铋复合材料的光催化活性要高于单一的二氧化锡和钨酸铋。     

Cryptanalysis and Improvement of Ye et al’s Quantum Private Comparison Protocol

Recently, Ye et al. (Int. J. Theor. Phys. 56, 1517–1529, 2017) proposed a quantum private comparison (QPC) protocol based on five-qubit entanglement state. Two parties can verify that their secret information is equal or not with the help of the semi-honest third party (TP). However, in this paper we will point out the Ye et al.’s initial protocol is not safe under a special participant attack. That is a malicious participant can get the other party’s secret input information illegally under the forgery attack. Furthermore, we give two possible improvement protocols, which can perform this protocol secure against this kind of attack.

     

TBOR-shaped electro-optic modulator with dual output based on double-layer graphene

We proposed an electro-optic modulator with two-bus one-ring (TBOR) structure to improve the extinction ratio and reduce insert loss. It has a dual output compared with one-bus one-ring structure. In addition, double-layer graphene makes it possible for the modulation in the visible to mid-infrared wavelength range. It shows that this new electro-optic modulator can present two switching states well with low insertion loss, high absorption and high extinction ratio. At $\lambda =1550\text{ nm}$, when the switching states are based on the chemical potential, ${\mu }_{\mathrm{c}}=0.38\text{ eV}$ and ${\mu }_{\mathrm{c}}=0.4\text{ eV}$, the insertion losses of both output ports are less than 2 dB, the absorption of the output port coupled via a micro-ring reaches 45 dB and the extinction ratio reaches 14 dB. When the refractive index of the dielectric material is 4.2, the applied voltage will be less than 1.2 V, thus can be used in low-voltage CMOS technology.     

三维荧光结合三阶校正算法快速检测水中酚类化合物

苯酚和麝香草酚等酚类化合物对人体和动植物有着严重危害，且这些酚类化合物往往同时存在于水体。由于苯酚和麝香草酚的激发和发射光谱重叠严重，常规荧光方法不能实现直接快速测定。基于三维荧光光谱结合四维平行因子（4-PARAFAC）算法，对存在未知干扰物的湖水中苯酚和麝香草酚进行定性和定量分析。利用三维平行因子和四维平行因子算法分解光谱数据，探索三阶校正算法的“三阶优势”。通过引入温度维来构建四维数据阵，将不同温度下扫描得到的激发发射矩阵沿样本维叠加得到四维数据阵，结合基于四维平行因子的三阶校正算法对目标分析物进行定性定量分析。为避免溶剂散射和仪器的影响，需要对扫描得到的激发发射矩阵信号进行预处理。通过空白扣除法和Delaunay三角内插值法去除激发发射矩阵中散射信号，再进一步进行激发发射校正，得到真实光谱。然后分别使用基于平行因子的二阶校正算法和基于四维平行因子的三阶校正算法对光谱数据进行分析，对比两种算法的分析结果。结果表明，四维数据阵并不是三维激发发射矩阵简单的叠加，得到的四维数据可能含有丰富的高维信息，有助于改善对分析物的测量结果。四维平行因子算法解析得到的湖水中苯酚和麝香草酚的平均回收率分别为97.7%±9.2%和96.5%±8.8%，预测均方根误差为0.047和0.057 μg·mL-1，预测相对误差低于10%，分析结果优于三维平行因子（平均回收率分别为105.7%±15.3%和111.0%±3.6%，预测均方根误差为0.090和0.056 μg·mL-1，预测相对误差高于10%）。实验表明，样本中存在复杂干扰背景和数据共线性严重时，三阶校正算法能够得到比二阶校正算法更满意的结果，为复杂体系中苯酚和麝香草酚的检测提供了可靠方法。     

对比实验法在无机及分析化学实验教学中的应用——以银量法测定氯含量实验为例

介绍莫尔法和荧光黄法测定生理盐水中氯化钠含量的实验原理和操作步骤，针对无机及分析化学实验教学中测定氯含量实验的原理、指示剂、标准溶液、滴定条件及适用范围等内容进行比较和分析，阐明了不同实验方法与操作步骤之间的对应关系。学生根据预习实验，结合具体实验操作、实验现象和实验结果的对比，可以充分直观地理解实验内容，掌握无机及分析化学实验的学习方法，提高学生的发现问题和解决问题的能力。     

Functionalization of silica gel by ultrasound-assisted surface Suzuki coupling

Mesoporous silica gel was functionalized by various organic functional groups using thiol-ene coupling of surface thiol groups with 4-vinylphenylboronic acid followed by Suzuki coupling with aromatic halides. For better performance, the synthesis was conducted under sonication. The presence of surface functional groups was confirmed by thermoanalysis, FT-IR spectroscopy and characteristic reactions of these groups. Solid-phase conditions of the synthesis eliminate the risk of side reactions of boronic acids.     

The characteristic analysis of stochastic resonance and bearing fault diagnosis based on NWSG model driven by trichotomous noise

In this paper, a new system whose potential function (NWSG) based on the joint of New Woods-Saxon potential function(NWSP) and Gaussian potential function(GP), driven by trichonomous is proposed to optimize the perform in bearing fault diagnosis. Firstly, exploring the influence of various system parameters on the shape of NWSG, besides, presenting a method of numerical simulation for trichotomous noise. The results show that the potential function can convert between three state, which is monostable, bistable, and tristable respectively, under different system parameter values. In addition, the mean of signal-noise ratio increase(MSNRI) is served as the measurement index of stochastic resonance (SR) for periodic signal detection, while traditional SR under optimal parameters. Finally, bearing fault diagnosis is carried out. It is found that the performance of the proposed system is better than traditional system which also verified in the bearing fault diagnosis.