对《对重整热力学第二定律理论体系的不同看法》一文的补正

对笔者在《大学物理》2002年第8期上发表的《对重整热力学第二定律理论体系的不同看法》一文的错误之处进行了补正.     

Circular polarized electronically-controlled antenna array based on CRLH-TL

In this paper, a circular polarized electronically-controlled scanning microstrip antenna array is designed, which is based on composite right left-handed transmission line (CRLH TL) and is realized by varactor diodes. Proposed electronically-controlled antenna arrays till now are always linear-polarized as the axial ratio (AR) may be spoiled by the DC feed line, especially in the CRLH TL based case. A more separated CRLH TL integrated with active lumped elements is utilized to solve the problem. The antenna array is composed of the CRLH microstrip transmission line structure and circular polarized microstrip antenna. The direction of the main lobe varies from ?1° to ?20 ° by continuously modifying the varactor diodes bias voltages from 0 to 20 V with 5 V as a step. The AR remains below 3 dB in the scanning range. The simulation and experimental results show a good consistence.     

油酰柠檬酸三乙酯的合成及红外光谱研究

以柠檬酸和乙醇为原料,在磷酸和苯磺酸混合催化剂作用下,加热回流,酯化生成柠檬酸三乙酯。以油酸与氯化亚砜为原料,通过酰化反应合成油酰氯。再使柠檬酸三乙酯与油酰氯在吡啶作用下,通过酰基化反应合成油酰柠檬酸三乙酯。采用红外光谱法对原料、中间体、产物进行了红外光谱测试,并进行了红外谱图的分析与比较,证明了各步产品为目的产物。根据原料、中间体、产物红外谱图中相应特征吸收峰的消失或是出现,证明了所选择的合成工艺路线是可行的。     

马尿酸分子印迹电化学传感器的制备及应用

采用超声法制备g-C3N4/NiO复合催化材料,将其滴涂在玻碳电极(GCE)表面构建g-C3N4/NiO/GCE催化电极。采用电聚合方法,以马尿酸为模板分子,邻苯二胺为功能单体构建M IP/g-C3N4/NiO/GCE传感器。采用时间-电流法对传感器制备条件优化。结果表明,复合催化材料对H2O2具有良好的催化效果。分子印迹传感器对马尿酸具有良好的选择性。在优化条件下,马尿酸质量浓度在0.05~2 mg/L范围内,电极电流响应与浓度呈良好的线性关系,检出限为7.1μg/L。将电极用于尿液中马尿酸的检测,回收率在87.3%~95.3%之间。     

Synthesis of biodiesel over ZnO/Ca(OH)2/KF catalyst prepared by the grinding method

A novel ZnO/Ca(OH)₂/KF solid base catalyst was prepared by the grinding method and applied to biodiesel synthesis by the transesterification of soybean oil. The effect of various parameters such as KF molar amount, calcination temperature, the amount of catalyst, molar ratio of methanol to oil, reaction temperature, and time on the activity of the catalyst were investigated. The catalysts were characterized by several techniques of thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, X–ray diffraction, Hammett indicator method, and scanning electron microscopy. The analysis results indicated that the KF interacted with Ca(OH)₂ and formed KCaF₃ phase before calcination of the catalyst. The formed KCaF₃ crystal phase was the main catalytic active component for the catalyst activity. In addition, the basicity of ZnO/Ca(OH)₂/KF was greatly influenced by the different calcination temperates, and the catalyst activity was correlated closely with the basicity. A desired biodiesel yield of 97.6 % was obtained at catalyst amount of 3 %, methanol/oil of 12:1, and reaction time of 1.5 h at 65 °C.     

纳米复合光催化剂TiO2-ZrO2的制备、表征及其光催化活性

通过溶胶-凝胶技术制备了不同比例(3:1、1:1、1:3)的纳米复合光催化材料TiO2-ZrO2,采用XRD、N2吸附、SEM-EDX和TPD等测试手段对其进行了表征,探讨了比例不同的TiO2-ZrO2结构的变化规律以及这种变化对催化剂催化活性的影响.通过紫外区和可见区的光催化降解染料亚甲基蓝、罗丹明B的实验,考察了其光催化活性.实验结果表明,不同比例的纳米复合光催化材料TiO2-ZrO2的催化活性均高于单体TiO2和单体ZrO2.     

高效液相色谱-手性流动相添加法拆分盐酸丙胺卡因对映体

以羧甲基-β-环糊精(CM-β-CD)为手性流动相添加剂,提出了拆分盐酸丙胺卡因对映体的高效液相色谱法。选用C18色谱柱,流动相为含0.4g·L-1的CM-β-CD的甲醇-乙腈-水(60+15+25)溶液,紫外检测波长为202nm,进样量为10μL,流量为0.4mL·min-1。结果表明:盐酸丙胺卡因对映体得到良好的分离,分离度为1.41。     

Competitive Assay for Theophylline Based on an Abasic Site‐Containing DNA Duplex Aptamer and a Fluorescent Ligand

A fluorescence assay for theophylline, one of the common drugs for acute and chronic asthmatic conditions, has been developed based on an abasic site‐containing DNA duplex aptamer (AP aptamer) in combination with an abasic site‐binding fluorescent ligand, riboflavin. The assay is based on the competitive binding of theophylline and riboflavin at the abasic (AP) site of the AP aptamer. In the absence of theophylline, riboflavin binds to the receptor nucleotide opposite the AP site, which leads to fluorescence quenching of the riboflavin. Upon addition of theophylline, competitive binding occurs between theophylline and riboflavin, which results in an effective fluorescence restoration due to release of riboflavin from the AP site. From an examination of the optimization of the AP aptamers, the complex of riboflavin with a 23‐mer AP aptamer (5′‐TCT GCG TCC AGX GCA ACG CAC AC‐3′/5′‐GTG TGC GTT GCC CTG GAC GCA GA‐3′; X : the AP site (Spacer C3, a propylene residue)) possessing cytosine as a receptor nucleotide was found to show a selective and effective fluorescence response to theophylline; the limit of detection for theophylline was 1.1 μM . Furthermore, fluorescence detection of theophylline was successfully demonstrated with high selectivity in serum samples by using the optimized AP aptamer and riboflavin.