具有弱对称应力的线弹性方程的稳定化格式

利用稳定化方法讨论拉格朗日乘子法得到的具有弱对称应力的线弹性问题. 用线性元和分片常数分别逼近变分问题的应力和位移. 并通过添加稳定项$G_1(\cdot,\cdot)$, $G_2(\cdot,\cdot)$和$G_3(\cdot,\cdot)$ 使相应混合离散变分问题满足弱BB条件. 接着详细研究了变分问题的解与稳定混合有限元解之间的误差估计,最后用两个数值算例验证理论分析的有效性.     

Kinetics of the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Isobutane over Cr2O3/La2(CO3)3

The oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of isobutane over Cr2O3/La2(CO3)3 has been investi-gated in a low-pressure Knudsen cell reactor, under conditions where the kinetics of the primary reactionsteps can be accurately determined. By heating the catalyst at a constant rate from 150-300 ℃, temper-ature fluctuations due to non-equilibrium adsorption are minimized. The evolved gas profiles show thatODH to isobutene and water is a primary reaction pathway, while carbon dioxide, which forms from thecatalyst during reaction, is the only other product. This CO2 evolution may enhance the activity of thecatalyst. Isobutene formation proceeds with the participation of lattice oxygen from the Cr2O3/La2(CO3)3catalyst. The intrinsic Arrhenius rate constant for the ODH of isobutane isk(s-1) = 1011.5±2.2exp{-((55 ± 5) - △Hads kJmol-1)/RT}The small pre-exponential factor is expected for a concerted mechanism and for such a catalyst with asmall surface area and limited porosity.